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1、学习目标1.1.掌握被动语态的用法掌握被动语态的用法2.2.掌握如何将主动语态变成掌握如何将主动语态变成被动语态被动语态第1页/共31页英语的两大语态：英语的两大语态：主动语态主动语态和和被动语态被动语态A.A.主动语态中主语是谓语动词的主动语态中主语是谓语动词的发出者发出者。宾语。宾语是谓语动词的对象。是谓语动词的对象。B.B.被动语态中主语是谓语动词的被动语态中主语是谓语动词的承受者承受者(动作的动作的对象对象)。被动语态的谓语构成:助动词助动词bebe动词过去分词动词过去分词语态：表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系。第2页/共31页什么时候要用被动语态呢？在下列三种情况之一要用被动语态：不知道
2、动作的执行者是谁，用被动语态。没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，用被动语态。需要强调动作的承受者时，用被动语态第3页/共31页主动语态和被动语态结构的转换：主动语态和被动语态结构的转换：We clean our classroom every day.Our classroomis cleaned主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语by usevery day结构：主动语态：主语谓语宾语 被动语态：主语 be+过去分词by+宾语即即:、主变宾、宾变主、主变宾、宾变主,谓语动词变被动。谓语动词变被动。”(注注:主变宾即主语变为介词主变宾即主语变为介词byby宾语宾语)第4页/共31页注意把主动语态改为被动语态时
3、，句子的时态不能变。且把主动语态改为被动语态时，句子的时态不能变。且bebe动词和新主语保持一致。如上例，所给的主动动词和新主语保持一致。如上例，所给的主动句子是一般现在时，改为被动语态时，也要用一般现在时。句子是一般现在时，改为被动语态时，也要用一般现在时。如果主动句中的主语是人称代词，改为被动句时作介词如果主动句中的主语是人称代词，改为被动句时作介词 byby的宾语，要用宾格。如上例中的主语的宾语，要用宾格。如上例中的主语wewe改改为为usus。第5页/共31页归纳总结方法归纳总结方法 把主动语态改为被动语态可按“、”来进行。即：变把主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语，把主动语态的主语改为
4、被动语态的介词by的宾语。套根据原句的时态套用相应时态。注意注意人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题。例：Many people speak English.English by many people.He washed his shoes yesterday.His shoes by him yesterday.is spokenwere washed一变二套三注意第6页/共31页1.They make shoes in that factory.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语Shoes are made (by them)in that factory.一般现在时：一般现在时：S(主语）
5、+am/is/are +过去分词第7页/共31页They play football on Sunday.Lucy does the homework in the evening.They often use computers in class.We make these machines in Beijing.Football is played by them on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are
6、 made in Beijing.第8页/共31页He looked after the little baby yesterday.主谓宾(受动者)The little baby was looked afterbyhim yesterday.第9页/共31页2.They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them)last term.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词第10页/共31页They built the tall building last year.He took good care
7、 of his little brother yesterday.We cleaned our classroom just now.They used this room for resting.The tall building was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.This room was used for resting by them.第11页/共31页Tom wil
8、l clean the room tomorrow.主谓宾(受动者)The room will be cleaned byTom tomorrow.第12页/共31页3.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished(by them)in ten days.一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词第13页/共31页We will have a sports meeting next week.Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow.The
9、headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.A sports meeting will be had by us next week.Some photos will be taken by children in the school tomorrow.A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.第14页/共31页4Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.情态动词：S+can/may/mus
10、t/should+be+过去分词第15页/共31页1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lucy may draw the pictures.3.You must turn off the lights.4.They should learn English well.The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should be learned well by them.第16页/
11、共31页Exercises：1.Many people speak English.2.People used knives for cutting things.3.We can use the box as a table.4.We should clean the classroom every day.5.She will repair the bike tomorrow.第17页/共31页下列时态的被动语态构成下列时态的被动语态构成 1.Lucy is watering the trees.2.We have finished our compositions.第18页/共31页So
12、me workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.现在进行时：现在进行时：S+am/is/are+being+过去分词过去分词第19页/共31页We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.现在完成时：现在完成时：S+have/has+been+过去分词过去分词第20页/共31页各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成一般现在时：一般现在时：
13、一般过去时：一般过去时：一般将来时：一般将来时：情态动词：过去进行时现在完成时：现在完成时：S+am/is/are+doneS+can/may/must/should+be+done S+will +be+done S+was/were +being+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+was/were +done各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成第21页/共31页在被动语态中要注意的问题一些使役动词(let,have,make等)或感官动词(see,hearwatch,notice等)在主动语态中后面接的动词不定式不带to
14、，但改为被动语态时，要补上to。如：A.The boss makes the workers work 18 hours a day.The workers are made to work 18 hours a day by the boss.B.I saw him enter the house.He was seen to enter the house by me.第22页/共31页C.The teacher let them leave the classroom after class.They were let to leave the classroom by the teac
15、her after class.D.We hear her sing in the room every day.She is heard to sing in the room every day.注意当使用当使用see/hear/watch sb doing sthsee/hear/watch sb doing sth时，变为被动语态时，时，变为被动语态时，doingdoing保持不变。如：保持不变。如：I saw him going into the shop.(主动)He was seen going into the shop.(被动)第23页/共31页使役动词和感观动词主被动语态对
16、照表主动语态被动语态使使役役动动词词make sb do sthsb be made to do sthhave sb do sthsb be had to do sthlet sb do sthsb be let to do sth感感观观动动词词see sb do sthsb be seen to do sthwatch sb do sthsb be watched to do sthhear sb do sthsb be heard to do sthnotice sb do sthsb be noticed to do sthgo第24页/共31页A traffic accident
17、_(happen)just now.happened2.连系动词（Link.v.)如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,becomePeking Opera _(sound)beautiful.sounds3.当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候:The pen _(write)very fast.writesThis kind of sweater _(sell)well.sells1.不及物动词（vi.)如:happen,take place,appear,disappear,不用被动语态的动词：不用被动语态的动词：第25页/共31页 把
18、下列主动句改为被动句 Lily writes many letters every day.(主动)They visited this farm last year.（主动）We have learned 3000 English words so far.（主动）Many lettersare writtenby Lily every day.This farmwas visited by themlast year.3000 English wordshave been learnedby usso far.第26页/共31页把下列主动句改为被动句 1.The boy cleaned th
19、e desk a moment ago.The desk was cleaned by the boy a moment ago.2.We will plant 2000 trees next year.2000 trees will be planted by us next year.3.You must keep the room clean and tidy.The room must be kept clean and tidy by you.第27页/共31页4.The police have caught the thief.The thief has been caught b
20、y the police.5.The farmers are cutting down the trees on the hill.The trees on the hill are being cut down by the farmers.第28页/共31页1.She waters the flowers every dayThe flowersevery day.are wateredby her3.They do their homework after school.Their homework is done by them after school.2.I bought a co
21、mputer last term A computer was bought (by me)last term.4.Our students mustnt smoke cigarettes.Cigarettes mustnt be smoked by our students.5.Chinese people built the Great Wall many years ago.The Great Wall was built by Chinese people many years ago.第29页/共31页 Fill in the blanks with the Passive Voice.1、Tea _ (grow)in Fujian.2、Chinese _ (speak)in China.3、The bed _ (use)for sleeping.4、Our classroom _ (clean)every day.5、The cars _ (make)in Beijing.is grownis spokenis usedis cleanedare made第30页/共31页感谢您的观看！第31页/共31页