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1、CET-4听力理解听力理解短对话短对话1.8类对话常涉场景类对话常涉场景校园生活类、日常生活类、职场工作类、医疗健康类、旅游校园生活类、日常生活类、职场工作类、医疗健康类、旅游交通类、饮食娱乐类、住房搬家类、气候环境类交通类、饮食娱乐类、住房搬家类、气候环境类2.做题步骤做题步骤快速浏览答案、找出关键词、推断问题方向快速浏览答案、找出关键词、推断问题方向听对话，以关键词把握讨论的主题，抓住其中心大意或其中听对话，以关键词把握讨论的主题，抓住其中心大意或其中的要点，选出最佳答案。的要点，选出最佳答案。3.应试技巧应试技巧将各个年份的短对话根据场景进行归类，并总结相关词汇以将各个年份的短对话根据场
2、景进行归类，并总结相关词汇以及问题文法。及问题文法。并总结短对话并总结短对话7种常提问题种常提问题 这类场景主要涉及学校和专业选择，注册入学，这类场景主要涉及学校和专业选择，注册入学，选课听课，讲座演讲，课余活动，借书还书，买书卖选课听课，讲座演讲，课余活动，借书还书，买书卖书，读书学习，住宿情况，同学交往，作业，论文，书，读书学习，住宿情况，同学交往，作业，论文，复习，考试等话题。复习，考试等话题。08-6-14A)Review the details of all her lessons.B)Compare notes with his classmates.C)Talk with her
3、 about his learning problems.D)Focus on the main points of her lectures.一、校园生活类一、校园生活类 这类场景主要涉及购物消费，家务劳动，家庭财务，这类场景主要涉及购物消费，家务劳动，家庭财务，家庭关系，家庭分工，教育子女，邻里关系，恋爱结家庭关系，家庭分工，教育子女，邻里关系，恋爱结婚，日常闲谈，邮局或银行业务等话题。婚，日常闲谈，邮局或银行业务等话题。06-12-11A)Plan his budget carefully.B)Give her more information.C)Ask someone else fo
4、r advice.D)Buy a gift for his girlfriend.二、日常生活类二、日常生活类 这类场景主要涉及学生假期兼职，毕业生找工作，招这类场景主要涉及学生假期兼职，毕业生找工作，招聘面试，工作压力，工作状态，工作态度，工作安排，聘面试，工作压力，工作状态，工作态度，工作安排，工作目标，工作往来，职位任免，薪资福利，同事相工作目标，工作往来，职位任免，薪资福利，同事相处，开会出差等话题。处，开会出差等话题。07-12-14A)Have a short break.B)Take two weeks off.C)Continue her work outdoors.D)Go
5、to vacation with the man.三、职场工作类三、职场工作类 这类场景主要涉及生病就医，健康状况，不良习惯，这类场景主要涉及生病就医，健康状况，不良习惯，锻炼身体，健身减肥等话题。锻炼身体，健身减肥等话题。07-12-15A)He is taking care of his twin brother.B)He has been feeling ill all week.C)He is worried about Rods health.D)He has been in perfect condition.四、医疗健康类四、医疗健康类 这类场景包括旅游和交通两方面内容，旅游方面
6、主要这类场景包括旅游和交通两方面内容，旅游方面主要涉及旅游前的准备，交通方式的选择，旅游地点，旅涉及旅游前的准备，交通方式的选择，旅游地点，旅馆住宿，行程安排，旅游途中情况，旅游感受等话题；馆住宿，行程安排，旅游途中情况，旅游感受等话题；交通方面主要涉及交通方式比较，交通状况，交通法交通方面主要涉及交通方式比较，交通状况，交通法规，交通违章，交通事故，车或航班时刻，买票订票，规，交通违章，交通事故，车或航班时刻，买票订票，接人送人，机场安检，托运行李等话题。接人送人，机场安检，托运行李等话题。06-12-18A)He turned suddenly and ran into a tree.B)
7、He was hit by a fallen box from a truck.C)He drove too fast and crashed into a truck.D)He was trying to overtake the truck ahead of him.五、旅游交通类五、旅游交通类 这类场景包括饮食和娱乐两方面内容，饮食方面主要这类场景包括饮食和娱乐两方面内容，饮食方面主要涉及就餐邀请，就餐地点，就餐环境，食物偏好，食涉及就餐邀请，就餐地点，就餐环境，食物偏好，食物选择，顾客投诉，点菜评菜以及就餐过程中可能发物选择，顾客投诉，点菜评菜以及就餐过程中可能发生的事情等话题；娱乐方
8、面主要涉及娱乐项目，个人生的事情等话题；娱乐方面主要涉及娱乐项目，个人喜好，看电视，评价电视节目，观看评论电影或演出喜好，看电视，评价电视节目，观看评论电影或演出等话题。等话题。08-6-16A)Extremely tedious.B)Hard to understand.C)Lacking a good plot.D)Not worth seeing twice.六、饮食娱乐类六、饮食娱乐类 这类场景主要涉及租房买房，居住环境，装饰装修，房这类场景主要涉及租房买房，居住环境，装饰装修，房屋维修等话题。屋维修等话题。新新06-6-18A)The woman cant tolerate any
9、noise.B)The man is looking for an apartment.C)The man has missed his appointment.D)The woman is going to take a train trip.七、住房搬家类七、住房搬家类 这类场景主要涉及天气，气候，温度，环境以及其对这类场景主要涉及天气，气候，温度，环境以及其对人们的生活和出行造成的影响等话题。人们的生活和出行造成的影响等话题。05-12-5A)Its worse than 30 years ago.B)It remains almost the same as before.C)Ther
10、e are more extremes in the weather.D)There has been a significant rise in temperature.八、气候环境类八、气候环境类短对话短对话7种常提问题种常提问题 从历年真题来看，四级听力短对话所提从历年真题来看，四级听力短对话所提问题主要涉及问题主要涉及7个方面的问题。对话内个方面的问题。对话内容不同，提问的角度和方式也不同，选容不同，提问的角度和方式也不同，选项的形式也有所不同。项的形式也有所不同。问题是关于谈话的一方或双方说了什么，所处状态，做某问题是关于谈话的一方或双方说了什么，所处状态，做某事的原因何在，结果如何
11、等。事的原因何在，结果如何等。常见提问方式常见提问方式:What do we learn from this conversation?What do we learn about the man/woman?What can be inferred from the conversation?一、事实状况一、事实状况1.根据选项的特点判断问题类型根据选项的特点判断问题类型 一般过去时或一般现在时一般过去时或一般现在时2.正确选项一般不会是原文的细节再现正确选项一般不会是原文的细节再现3.注意捕捉选项中的关键词注意捕捉选项中的关键词4.记录关键信息点记录关键信息点 07-12-11A)She
12、used to be in poor health.B)She was popular among boys.C)She was somewhat overweight.D)She didnt do well at high school.此类问题解题技巧此类问题解题技巧问题是关于谈话的一方或双方做过，正在做，准备去做什问题是关于谈话的一方或双方做过，正在做，准备去做什么或一方建议另一方去做什么。么或一方建议另一方去做什么。常见提问方式常见提问方式:What will the man/woman most probably do?What are the speakers probably g
13、oing/trying to do?What does the woman suggest doing?二、行为活动二、行为活动1.根据选项特点判断问题类型根据选项特点判断问题类型 动词短语形式：动词原型或动名词形式动词短语形式：动词原型或动名词形式2.听音时留意对话中的动词，尤其注意与选项中听音时留意对话中的动词，尤其注意与选项中 动词相关的信息动词相关的信息3.注意表示请求，建议的短语或句式注意表示请求，建议的短语或句式 07-12-11A)To find out more about the topic for the seminar.B)To make a copy of the sc
14、hedule for his friend.C)To get the seminar schedule for the woman.D)To pick up the woman from the library.此类问题解题技巧此类问题解题技巧 问题是关于谈话的一方对另一方或第三方的行为，品德，问题是关于谈话的一方对另一方或第三方的行为，品德，观点等的态度或评价。观点等的态度或评价。常见提问方式常见提问方式:What does the woman/man feel about()?What does the woman/man mean/imply?What does the woman/ma
15、n think of?三、观点态度三、观点态度1.根据选项特点判断问题类型根据选项特点判断问题类型 think,believe,find,guess,imagine,consider,as far as I know2.熟悉表示观点态度的常见词语熟悉表示观点态度的常见词语赞成：赞成：approve,agree,share,prefer,wise,reasonable,favorable反对：反对：disapprove,disagree,unwise,ridiculous,foolish,childish赞赏：赞赏：admire,appreciate,think much of,think hi
16、ghly of喜欢：喜欢：love,enjoy,wonderful,fascinating,funny,be fond of,be keen on厌烦：厌烦：dislike,bored/boring,be tired of关心：关心：concerned,careful,care about怨恨或生气：怨恨或生气：hate,hatred,angry,anger,irritated害怕或担心：害怕或担心：fearful,frightened,worried,nervous批评或讽刺：批评或讽刺：critical,criticize,ironic,find fault with失望或灰心：失望或灰心
17、：disappointed,discouraged后悔或遗憾：后悔或遗憾：regret,regretful,pity,shame默然或热情：默然或热情：indifferent,detached,careless,enthusiastic积极或消极：积极或消极：active,positive,negative自信或自负：自信或自负：confident,arrogant,proud乐观或悲观：乐观或悲观：optimistic,pessimistic此类问题解题技巧此类问题解题技巧3.抓住对话中的一些标识性词语抓住对话中的一些标识性词语 转折：转折：but,instead 条件，时间或结果：条件，时
18、间或结果：if,when,since,before,after,so4.注意说话人的语气注意说话人的语气 04-1-7A)The man should not dream of being a superstar.B)The man didnt practice hard enough.C)The man should find a new partner.D)The man should not give up.问题是关于对话发生的场合，地点或者涉及到的人或事问题是关于对话发生的场合，地点或者涉及到的人或事物所处的位置。物所处的位置。常见提问方式常见提问方式:Where is the con
19、versation most probably taking place?Where are the two people?四、地点场景四、地点场景1.单个地点题：抓住与特定地点相关的常用词语单个地点题：抓住与特定地点相关的常用词语2.多个地点题：依赖笔记，抓住问题中的关键词多个地点题：依赖笔记，抓住问题中的关键词3.熟悉常考的地点场景熟悉常考的地点场景 clinic or hospital;restaurant;school or campus;bookstore;railway station;airport;post office;library;bank;hotel 新新06-6-15
20、A)At a clinic.B)In a supermarket.C)At a restaurant.D)In an ice-cream shop.此类问题解题技巧此类问题解题技巧 问题是关于对话所谈论的话题或对象。问题是关于对话所谈论的话题或对象。常见提问方式常见提问方式:What are they talking about?What are the speakers talking about?五、讨论话题五、讨论话题1.根据选项特点判断问题类型根据选项特点判断问题类型 选项的概括性较强，且常为短语；选项的概括性较强，且常为短语；各选项所陈述的内容往往差别较大各选项所陈述的内容往往差别较
21、大2.捕捉与话题相关的关键词捕捉与话题相关的关键词3.熟悉常考话题相关词语熟悉常考话题相关词语4.注意不要只从对话一方的话语中寻找答案注意不要只从对话一方的话语中寻找答案 05-6-9A)An art museum.B)A beautiful park.C)A college campus.D)An architectural exhibition.此类问题解题技巧此类问题解题技巧 问题是关于对话双方的关系或对话中某个人物的身份职业问题是关于对话双方的关系或对话中某个人物的身份职业等。等。常见提问方式常见提问方式:What is the probable relationship betwee
22、n the(two)speakers?What is the most probable relationship between Jim and Bob?Whats the womans job?What most probably is Mary?六、身份关系六、身份关系1.捕捉关键词及人物语气捕捉关键词及人物语气2.注意对话双方的称呼语注意对话双方的称呼语 Mum;Mr.3.熟悉常考人物关系和常考职业身份熟悉常考人物关系和常考职业身份 常考人物关系常考人物关系：husband-wife;father-daughter;mother-son;teacher-student;schoolma
23、te;colleague;boss-secretary;employer-employee;doctor-patient;waiter/waitress-customer;host/hostess-guest;policeman-driver;librarian-reader;landlord/landlady-tenant 常考职业身份常考职业身份：professor;secretary;doctor;boss;waiter/waitress;repairer,plumber,electrician;husband,wife,son,daughter,girlfriend02-12-3A)C
24、olleagues.B)Husband and wife.C)Employer and employee.D)Mother and son.此类问题解题技巧此类问题解题技巧问题涉及时间，年龄，数量，速度，问题涉及时间，年龄，数量，速度，价格等信息。价格等信息。常见提问方式常见提问方式:What time did Suzy leave home?How much does one ticket cost?When is the train leaving?七、数字信息七、数字信息1.速记信息速记信息2.听清问题听清问题3.不要直摄答案不要直摄答案 04-6-3 A)At 10:30.B)At 1
25、0:25.C)At 10:40.D)At 10:45.此类问题解题技巧此类问题解题技巧长对话长对话10大听前预测方法大听前预测方法 听音前阅读选项，利用选项信息了解听力听音前阅读选项，利用选项信息了解听力的弦外之音，从选项中寻找突破点，尤为的弦外之音，从选项中寻找突破点，尤为重要。重要。很多选项有较明显的特点，或使用某种专很多选项有较明显的特点，或使用某种专门的表达形式，如均为动词原型或均为人门的表达形式，如均为动词原型或均为人物角色等；或含有一些标志性的词语。物角色等；或含有一些标志性的词语。正确选项和干扰选项的设置均存在一些规正确选项和干扰选项的设置均存在一些规律和特点。律和特点。19.A
26、)The benefits of strong business competition.B)A proposal to lower the cost of production.C)Complaints about the expense of modernization.D)Suggestions concerning new business strategies.20.A)It cost much more than its worth.B)It should be brought up-to-date.C)It calls for immediate repairs.D)It can
27、 still be used for a long time.21.A)The personnel manager should be fired for inefficiency.B)A few engineers should be employed to modernize the factory.C)The entire staff should be retrained.D)Better-educated employees should be promoted.一、各题主题揭示对话主题一、各题主题揭示对话主题 W:Hello,Gary.Howre you?M:Fine!And yo
28、urself?W:Cant complain.Did you have time to look at my proposal?M:No,not really.Can we go over it now?W:Sure.Ive been trying to come up with some new production and advertising strategies.First of all,19.What are the two speakers talking about?听音验证听音验证 考查考查”行为活动行为活动“类型。类型。选项以动词原型开头选项以动词原型开头：问题大多是关于建
29、议某人做某事，：问题大多是关于建议某人做某事，有时也表示为了某种目的而要做某事。有时也表示为了某种目的而要做某事。选项均为动名词选项均为动名词：问题大多是关于某个正在进行的动作：问题大多是关于某个正在进行的动作或某项计划或打算。或某项计划或打算。选项均为不定式选项均为不定式：问题很可能是关于做某事的目的，或：问题很可能是关于做某事的目的，或是计划，承诺或要求做某事。是计划，承诺或要求做某事。二、选项均以动词的某种形式开头二、选项均以动词的某种形式开头A)Searching for reference material.B)Watching a film of the 1930s.C)Writi
30、ng a course book.D)Looking for a job in a movie studio.W:Sir,youve been using the online catalogue for quite a while.Is there anything I can do to help you?M:Well,Ive got to write a paper about Hollywood in the 30s and 40s,and Im really snuggling.There are hundreds of books,and I just dont know wher
31、e to begin.Q:What is the man doing?A)To make a business report to the woman.B)To be interviewed for a job in the womans company.C)To resign from his position in the womans company.D)To exchange stock market information with the woman.W:Please have a seat,Mr.Saunders.I received your job resume last w
32、eek,and was very impressed.M:Thank you!W:We are a small financial company trading mostly stocks and bonds.May I ask why you are interested in working for us?Q:Whats the purpose of Mr.Saunders visit?如果选项中含有如果选项中含有should,had better,would like等一类等一类的词语，则问题很可能是考查的词语，则问题很可能是考查“观点，态度或建议观点，态度或建议”。A)The per
33、sonnel manager should be fired for inefficiency.B)A few engineers should be employed to modernize the factory.C)The entire staff should be retrained.D)Better-educated employees should be promoted.三、选项中含有表示意愿或建议的词三、选项中含有表示意愿或建议的词 W:We should also consider human resources.Ive been talking to personnel
34、 as well as our staff at the factory?M:And whats the picture?W:Well probably have to hire a couple of engineers to help us modernize the factory.Q:What does the woman suggest about human resources?听音验证听音验证如果选项中含有如果选项中含有think,like,dislike,enjoy,agree,disagree,mind,reasonable,wise,absurd,disgusting等一类
35、的词语，听力材料或问题很可能是考等一类的词语，听力材料或问题很可能是考查查“观点，态度或建议观点，态度或建议”。A)The woman think Mr.Saunders is asking for more than they can offer.B)Mr.Saunders will share one third of the womans responsibilities.C)Mr.Saunders believes that he deserves more paid vacations.D)The woman seems to be satisfied with Mr.Saunder
36、s past experience.四、选项中含有表示评论或感受的词四、选项中含有表示评论或感受的词 M:As a head broker,I have a lot of experience in the stock market,I deal with the clients on the daily bases,and I enjoy working with people.W:Well,you might just be the person weve been looking for.Do you have any questions?Q:What can we conclude f
37、rom the conversation?听音验证听音验证如果选项中含有如果选项中含有形容词或副词形容词或副词的比较级或最高级，或式的比较级或最高级，或式其他表示比较的词语，则听力材料或问题很可能涉及人其他表示比较的词语，则听力材料或问题很可能涉及人或事物之间的异同点或优劣的比较。或事物之间的异同点或优劣的比较。A)Their competitors have long been advertising on TV.B)TV commercials are less expensive.C)Advertising in newspapers alone is not sufficient.D)
38、TV commercials attract more investments.五、选项中含有比较结构五、选项中含有比较结构 W:Marketing has some interesting ideas for television commercials.M:TV?Isnt that a bit too expensive for us?Whats wrong with advertising in the papers,as usual?W:Quite frankly,its just not enough anymore.Q:Why does the woman suggest adve
39、rtising on TV?听音验证听音验证如果选项均为概括性较强的名词短语，且各项内容差异较如果选项均为概括性较强的名词短语，且各项内容差异较大，则问题很可能是关于对话的主题或对话中出现的某一大，则问题很可能是关于对话的主题或对话中出现的某一事件或问题的主题。事件或问题的主题。A)The benefits of strong business competition.B)A proposal to lower the cost of production.C)Complaints about the expense of modernization.D)Suggestions concern
40、ing new business strategies.六、选项均为名词短语六、选项均为名词短语 W:Cant complain.Did you have time to look at my proposal?M:No,not really.Can we go over it now?W:Sure.Ive been trying to come up with some new production and advertising strategies.First of all,.Q:What are the two speakers talking about?听音验证听音验证某一选项明显
41、与对话主题某一选项明显与对话主题(综合其他各题主题推测综合其他各题主题推测)不相关不相关某一选项明显与其他三个选项内容不同某一选项明显与其他三个选项内容不同;A)The personnel manager should be fired for inefficiency.B)A few engineers should be employed to modernize the factory.C)The entire staff should be retrained.D)Better-educated employees should be promoted.七、与其余选项内容明显不同的选项
42、往往不是答案七、与其余选项内容明显不同的选项往往不是答案 W:We should also consider human resources.Ive been talking to personnel as well as our staff at the factory?M:And whats the picture?W:Well probably have to hire a couple of engineers to help us modernize the factory.Q:What does the woman suggest about human resources?听音验
43、证听音验证A)It cost much more than its worth.B)It should be brought up-to-date.C)It calls for immediate repairs.D)It can still be used for a long time.W:Sure.Ive been trying to come up with some new production and advertising strategies.First of all,if we want to stay competitive,we need to modernize our
44、 factory.New equipment shouldve been installed long ago.M:All right.Ill see to it.Q:What does the woman say about the equipment of their factory?八、意思相反的选项往往有一个为答案八、意思相反的选项往往有一个为答案 A)Changing her major.B)Spending less of her parents money.C)Getting transferred to the English Department.D)Leaving the
45、university.W:They believe that my job prospects would be pretty limited with the degree of philosophy.Plus they give me really a generous allowance,but I am beginning to feel that Im wasting my time and their money.They would be so disappointed though if I told them I was quitting.Q:What is Karen th
46、inking of doing?九、包含其他选项含义的选项往往不是答案九、包含其他选项含义的选项往往不是答案 A)Their competitors have long been advertising on TV.B)TV commercials are less expensive.C)Advertising in newspapers alone is not sufficient.D)TV commercials attract more investments.M:TV?Isnt that a bit too expensive for us?Whats wrong with adv
47、ertising in the papers,as usual?W:Quite frankly,its just not enough anymore.We need to be more aggressive in order to keep ahead of our competitors.Q:Why does the woman suggest advertising on TV?十、明显不符常理的选项往往不是答案十、明显不符常理的选项往往不是答案 测试考生对短文的整体理解能力测试考生对短文的整体理解能力题材涉及面广题材涉及面广 1.人物故事类人物故事类 2.社会习俗类社会习俗类 3.学
48、校教育类学校教育类 4.科普知识类科普知识类 5.社会问题类社会问题类 6.日常生活类日常生活类 7.交通旅行类交通旅行类注意：熟悉各类题材的特有词汇和表达，以注意：熟悉各类题材的特有词汇和表达，以 及问题方式及问题方式短文听力理解短文听力理解短文听力理解8大敏感设题题眼大敏感设题题眼 07-6-26A)Her parents thrived in the urban environment.B)Her parents left Chicago to work on a farm.C)Her parents immigrated to America.D)Her parents set up
49、an ice-cream store.My mother was born in a small town in northern Italy.She was three when her parents immigrated to America in 1926.They lived in Chicago when my grandfather worked making ice-cream26.What does the speaker tell us about his mothers early childhood?一、短文首尾处一、短文首尾处 07-12-32A)People cam
50、e to see the role of women in the business world.B)Katharine played a major part in reshaping Americans mind.C)American media would be quite different without Katharine.D)Katharine had exerted an important influence on the world.After her death,the employees of The Washington Post wrote:“The world w