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1、 2022年湖北武汉工程大学英语考研真题 Part I.Vocabulary and Grammar.(本大题共 20 小题，每小题 1分，共 20 分)Directions:Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D)and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1.He refuses to let others speak and _ every meeting.A)confronts B
2、)affects C)attaches D)dominates 2.The creating of the steam machine,by James Watt,was a(n)_ idea.A)spontaneous B)original C)previous D)cautious 3.Realizing that he hadnt enough money and _ to borrow from his father,he decided to sell his watch.A)not wanted B)not to want C)not wanting D)wanting not 4
3、.His answer was so confused that I could hardly make any _ of it at all.A)interpretation B)meaning C)reason D)sense 5.By the side of the new teaching hall _,built in the 1930s.A)there stands a library B)stands a library C)a library stands D)does a library stand 6.They should hire a more _ accountant
4、 than the one they currently have.A)effective B)sufficient C)efficient D)respective 7.The defeated enemy soldiers had to _ from the battle field to the mountains.A)draw B)retreat C)return D)retire 8._ to the Independent War,the United States was an English colony.A)Before B)Following C)Prior D)Prece
5、ding 9.Disagreements among engineers were _ to the plan.A)fatal B)crucial C)critical D)vital 10.Despite their good service,most inns are less costly than hotels of _ standards.A)equivalent B)alike C)uniform D)likely 11.For many patients,institutional care is the most _ and beneficial form ofcare.A)r
6、elevant B)appropriate C)acute D)persistent 12.She cant walk or feed herself and she can barely speakits a _ death.A)alive B)living C)lively D)life 13.The _ has been interviewed by the manager.A)applicator B)application C)applicant D)applier 1 4.However,at times this balance in nature is _,resulting
7、in a number of possible unforeseen effects.A)disturbed B)troubled C)confused D)puzzled 15.Expert say walking is one of the best ways for a person to _ healthy.A)preserve B)maintain C)stay D)reserve 16.Americans eat _ as they actually need every day.A)twice as much protein B)twice protein as more C)t
8、wice protein as much D)protein as twice much 17.Although punctual himself,the professor was quite used _ late for his lecture.A)to have students B)for students being C)for students to be D)to students being 18._,Jack can never catch up with Tom in the study of English.A)However he tries hard B)No ma
9、tter how hard he tries C)No matter how he tries hard D)As hard he tries 1 9.Compared to those of a hundred years ago,the airplanes are technically more complex,and _.A)its speed greatly increases B)their speed are greatly increase C)they are faster than before D)the modern planes are faster 20.Wood
10、furniture does not depreciate in value _ properly handled and protected.A)if B)that C)unless D)whether Part I I Reading Comprehension(本大题共 20 小题，每小题 2 分，共 40 分)Section A Directions:There are three passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each o
11、f them there arefour choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Every pet owner loves his pet.There is no argument here.But when we asked our readers wheth
12、er they would clone their beloved animals,the responses were split almost down the middle.Of the 228 readers who answered it,108 would clone and 111 would not.Clearly,from readers response,this is an issue that reaches deeply into both the joy and eventual sadness of owning a pet.It speaks,as well,t
13、o peoples widely differing expectations over the developing scientific procedure.Most of the respondents who favored the idea strongly believed it would produce at least a close copy of the original;many felt the process would actually return an exact copy.Those on the other side,however,held little
14、 hope a clone could ever truly recreate a pet;many simply didnt wish to go against the natural law of life and death.Both sides expressed equal outpouring love for their animals.More than a few respondents owned“the best dog/cat in the world”.They thought of their pets as their“best friend”,“a membe
15、r of the family,”“the light of my life.”They told moving stories of pets heroism,intelligence and selfless devotion.Then the loss is so disturbing and the cloning so attractive.“People become very close to their animals,and the loss can be just as hard to bear as when a friend or family member dies,
16、”says Gary Kowalski,author of Goodbye,Friend:Healing Wisdomfor Anyone Who Has Ever Lost a Pet.“For me,cloning feels like an attempt to turn death away Its understandable.Death is always painful.Its difficult to deal with.Its hard to accept.”But would cloning reduce the blow?This question seemed to b
17、e at the heart of this issue.21.As far as the cloning of pets is concerned,a recent survey shows that,of all pet owners,_.A)most of them are for it B)most of them are against it C)very few of them are willing to tell their opinions D)about half of them are for it and the other half against it 2 2.Wh
18、ile talking about the respondents from the readers,the expression“eventual sadness of owning a pet”refers to _.A)the death of ones pet B)the high cost of owning a pet C)the troubles one has to deal with in keeping a pet D)the dangers involved in the cloning of a pet 23.Despite their differences on t
19、he issue of cloning,it seems that _.A)people who support cloning love their pets more.B)people who disapprove of cloning love their pets more C)all pet owners love their pets very much.D)all pet owners try to interfere with the natural rhythm of life and death.24.From what Gary Kowalski says,we can
20、know that he _.A)has never thought about the problem of cloning B)is going to write another book on pets C)is in favor of the idea of cloning pets D)is all against the cloning of pets 25.What is the key question at the heart of the issue of cloning pets?A)Can cloning ease the pain one suffers when a
21、 pet dies?B)Can pet owners afford the cost of cloning?C)Does cloning violate the fundamental law of nature?D)How reliably does cloning produce an exact copy of ones pet?Passage Two Questions 26 to30 are based on the following passage.Like a needle climbing up a bathroom scale,the number keeps rising
22、.In 2001,15%of Americans were obese;by 2009,that proportion had grown to 27%.Youngsters,who should have age and activity on their side,are growing larger as well:19%of Americans under 17 are obese.Waistbands have been popping in other western countries too,as physical activity has declined and diets
23、 have expanded.By and large,people in the rich world seem to have lost the fight against flab(松弛).Meanwhile,poorer nations have enjoyed some success in their battles against malnutrition and famine.But,according to research presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancem
24、ent of Science,it is more a case of being out of the frying pan and into the fire.The most striking example in the poor world actually comes from the Pacific islands,home of the worlds most obese communities.In 2000,14%of the men on this island were obese while 26%of men under the age of 30 in 2010
25、were obese.This increase in weight has been uneven as well as fast.As a result,undernourished and over-nourished people frequently live cheek by jowl(面颊).The mix can even occur within a single household.A study of families in Indonesia found that nearly 10%contained both the hungry and the fat.This
26、is a mysterious phenomenon,but might have something to do with people of different ages being given different amounts of food to eat.In many affected countries there are cultural factors to contend with,such as an emphasis on eating large meals together,or on food as a form of hospitality.Moreover,t
27、here is a good measure of disbelief on the part of policymakers that such a problem could exist in their countries.Unless something is done soon,it might not be possible to turn the clock back.26.The first sentence of the passage most probably implies that _.A)many Americans are obsessed with the ri
28、sing temperature in their bathroom B)more and more people are becoming overweight in the United States C)people are doing more physical exercises with the help of scales D)youngsters become taller and healthier thanks to more activities 27.As physical exercise declines and diet expands,_.A)other wes
29、tern countries have defeated obesity B)obesity has become an epidemic of the rich world C)waistbands have become popular in western countries D)poorer countries can no longer fight against obesity 2 8.Which is NOT the point the author intends to show by mentioning the Pacific islands?A)Some poor com
30、munities have shaken off poverty and people are well-fednow.B)Obesity is becoming a problem in the developing world too.C)Excessive weight increase causes no less harm than food shortage.D)The problem of overweight emerges very fast.29.About tackling obesity in the poor world,what we can learn from
31、the passage is that .A)the matter is so complex as to go beyond our capacity B)no matter what we do,the prospect will always be bleak C)it is starvation,the real threat,that needs to be solved D)we should take immediate actions before it becomes incurable 30.What is the main idea of this passage?A)O
32、besity is now a global problem that needs tackling.B)Peoples weights increase fast throughout the whole world.C)Obesity and starvation are two main problems in the poor world.D)Obesity has shifted from the rich world to the poor world.Passage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passa
33、ge.The endless debate about“work-life balance”often contains a hopeful footnote about stay-at-home dads.If American society and business won t make it easier on future female leaders who choose to have children,there is still a ray of hope that increasing numbers of full-time fathers will.But based
34、on todays socioeconomic trends,this hope is,unfortunately,misguided.Its true that the number of men who have left work to do their thing as full-time parents has doubled in a decade,but its still very small:only 0.8%of married couples where the stay-at-home father was out of the labor force for a ye
35、ar.Even shorter times away from work for working fathers are already difficult.A study found that 85%of new fathers take some time off after the birth of a child but for the majority,its a week or two at most.Meanwhile,the average for women who take leave is more than 10 weeks.Such choices impact wh
36、o moves up in the organization.While youre away,someone else is doing your work,making your sales,taking care of your customers.That cant help you at work.It can only hurt you.Women,of course,face the same issues of returning after a long absence.But with many more women than men choosing to leave t
37、he workforce entirely to raise families,returning from an extended parental leave doesnt raise as many eyebrows as it does for men.Women would make more if they didnt break their earning trajectory(轨迹)by leaving the workforce,or if higher-paying professions were more family-friendly.In the foreseeab
38、le future,stay-at-home fathers may make all the difference for individual families,but their presence wont reduce the numbers of high-potential women who are forced to choose between family and career.31.Why does the author say the hope for more full-time fathers is misguided?A)Women are better at t
39、aking care of children.B)Many men value work more than their family.C)Their number is too small to make a difference.D)Not many men have the chance to stay at home.32.Why do few men take a long parental leave?A)A long leave will have a negative impact on their career.B)They just have too many respon
40、sibilities to fulfill at work.C)The economic loss will be too much for their family to bear.D)They are likely to get fired due to long-term absence from work.33.What is the most likely reaction to men returning from an extended parental leave?A)Jealousy.B)Surprise.C)Admiration.D)Sympathy.34.Accordin
41、g to the passage,women might achieve the work-life balance if .A)men take an extended parental leave B)people change attitudes towards children C)more women enter business management D)mens socioeconomic status is further improved 35.What does the author say about high-potential women in the near fu
42、ture?A)They will benefit from the trend of more fathers staying at home.B)They will find high-paying professions a bit more family-friendly.C)They are unlikely to break their career trajectory to raise a family.D)They will still face the difficult choice between career and children.Section B Directi
43、ons:Read the following passage.After reading it,you should give brief answers to the 5 questions(No.36 to No.40)that follow.The answers(in no more than 3 words)should be written after the corresponding numbers on the Answer Sheet.Do you think eating healthy means you have to radically change your di
44、et and give up all your favorite foods?Think again.Making little changes to your diet can add up to BIG health benefits.Here are 3 tips you can take to improve your diet.Tip No.1:Switch to 100%whole-wheat or whole-grain bread Just switching to whole grains from refined grain products benefits your b
45、ody about 10 different ways,from lengthening your life span to helping control weight to reducing your risk of heart disease,stroke,and cancer.Tip No.2:Add flaxseed to yogurt and smoothies (冰沙)Do this every time you reach for a yogurt or order a smoothie.Adding 2 tablespoons of flaxseed adds 4 grams
46、 of fiber,2.4 grams of healthy plant omega-3 fatty acids to your snack.Tip No.3:Drink unsweetened tea instead of sweetened tea or soda A serving of bottled or canned sweetened tea,or soda has about 140 calories and 32 grams of sugar per 12-ounce serving.Switching to unsweetened tea can save 8400 cal
47、ories and 448 teaspoons of sugar per month ifyou drink about 2 servings of soda or sweetened tea a day.36.How to eat healthy according to this passage?to your diet.37.How many tips of eating healthy are introduced in this passage?_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
48、_ _ _ _ .38.What are the benefits of switching from refined grain products to whole grains?The benefits include lengthening your life span,helping control weight and reducing your risk of heart disease,.39.What is suggested to be put in your yogurt and smoothie?.40.If you drink 1 serving of unsweete
49、ned tea a day,how many calories could you save per month?.Part I I I.Trans lat ion.(本大题共 1 题，共 20 分)Directions:Translate thefollowing paragraph into English.中国城市化(urbanization)将会帮助释放潜在内需(domestic demand)。一些 经济学家指出，中国几乎所有的发展中城市都面临着城市化的进程，因此人们的 生活水平会有所提高，就业机会也会增多。随着越来越多的人向城市迁徙，住房 及城市基础设施建设(infrastruct
50、ure construction)，包括水源等能源的供应将会成 为城市发展的焦点问题。另外，商品与服务的自由、快速流通是城市化社会的一 项基本特征，因此逐渐扩张的城市需要更多的零售店来满足消费者的需求。Part IV Writ ing (本大题共 1 题，共 20 分)Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the topic Equality ofEducation Opportunity.You should write at least 180 words but no more t