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1、2023 年中考英语时事热点阅读专练 热点 20 洪水及山体滑坡的危害 一、阅读理解 1 Every year landslides cause 25 to 50 deaths and$2 billion in damage in the United States.And in December,a single event killed more than 2000 people in the Philippines.Sending workers to stabilize mountainsides using steel bars can help a lot,but it intro
2、duces new difficulties because of dust and loosen heavy,dangerous debris from the work.“Its a quite dangerous job,”says Giorgio Pezzuto of D Appolonia,working with eight other companies.Now there may be an answer:a three-ton robot called Roboclimber.“The idea is to operate a machine far away that ca
3、n do the stabilizing job without a human being near,”says Pezzuto,manager for the project,which is supported by a European organization.Engineers say that the machine will be faster and cheaper than manual labor.The robot,a large radio-controlled four-legged spider,has cost at least$2 million so far
4、.It should be able to climb mountainsides,drill holes and insert steel bars there.Testing should begin in May.1.The underlined word“event”refers to_ A.earthquake B.debris C.dust D.landslide 2.The purpose in writing this text is _ A.to tell people how serious the damage caused by landslides is B.to t
5、ell people that sending workers to stabilize mountainsides is a dangerous job C.to show people how to use a new robot D.to introduce a new robot that can be used to stabilize mountainsides 3.What does the robot look like?A.human being B.spider C.steel bar D.a drill 4.A landslides cause _in damage in
6、 the United States Every year.A.25 to 50 deaths B.more than 2000 people died C.$2 billion D.both A and C 5.The biggest advantage of this product is that_ A.it will be faster and cheaper than manual labor B.it can climb mountainsides,drill holes and insert steel bars there.C.it can do the stabilizing
7、 job without human beings near D.it is like a spider 2 When the three children arrived at the tunnel,they looked up at the trees above it.“Whats happening?”Peter said,“Look at the trees.Theyre moving.”He was right.The trees were sliding down the hill.“Its a landslide,”Roberta said.There has been a l
8、ot of rain.The earth is soft.It is moving and bringing the trees with it.“They are going to fall on the railway line,”Phyllis said.“Therell be an accident if the train hits them.We must stop the next train.”“How do we do that?”Peter said.“The next train is arriving at 11:29.Thats in five minutes.And
9、 the train is only about fifteen kilometers away.”“We can run towards the train and wave to the driver,”Phyllis said.“He wont think there is anything wrong,”Roberta said.“We always wave to him.”“We need something red to wave,”Peter said.“Red is for danger.”“My skirt is red,”Phyllis said.“Ill tear pi
10、eces off.”“Mother will be angry if you do that,”Roberta said.“Skirts are expensive.”“People may die if there is an accident,”Peter said.“Skirts arent important.”Phyllis tore strips(条)from the bottom of her skirt.“We need sticks to tie the strips to,”Peter said.The children ran to a nearby tree.With
11、his knife,Peter cut off three thin branches.He tied each of the strips of red skirt to one of the branches.“Now we have red flags,”he said.“When we wave these,the engine driver will know something is wrong.He will stop the train and ask us what the matter is.”The children ran through the tunnel and
12、waited at the other side for the train to come.They had to wait for a long time.Peter thought the watch must be wrong,but it was the train that was late.Then,the train arrived.The children waved their flags.Roberta was so excited that she fainted(晕).The engine driver saw the red flags and the childr
13、en.He knew something was wrong.He stopped the train.Peter and Phyllis ran towards the engine.They shouted to the driver that there were trees on the line.The engine driver climbed down from his engine.He hurried to where Roberta was lying on the ground in a faint.He picked her up and carried her to
14、the train and put her in a comfortable carriage.6.How did the landslide come into being(形成)?A.The earth was too thin to hold the trees.B.The heavy rain washed the earth away.C.The moving train shook the earth down.D.People cut down many trees on the hill.7.What was the danger according to Phyllis?A.
15、The train was running too fast.B.There would be a train accident.C.The children were walking on the railway.D.The landslide was coming to an end.8.What does Peter mean by saying“Skirts arent important.”?A.That kind of skirts arent popular.B.That kind of skirts arent expensive.C.Peoples lives are mor
16、e important.D.Children dont need expensive skirts.9.What would happen to Roberta in the end?A.She was killed.B.She had a new watch.C.She moved the trees.D.She was saved.3 This spring,the town of Oso saw twice the usual rainfall.When the sun finally shone,LoAnna and Kriss three older kids ran outside
17、.Inside,LoAnna nursed their four-month-old Kristian.Suddenly LoAnna heard a loud noise.She rushed outside in time to see a half-mile-wide mud and sand thundering down the hill toward them,knocking over hundreds of trees.Mudslide(泥流)!LoAnna gathered everyone into the bedroom farthest from the falling
18、 hill side and waited.Kris got a call from LoAnna,He hurriedly drove home.Highway 530 was covered with thick sand,fallen trees.Kris had to run home.The mud came up to his knees.Suddenly he heard a woman screaming for help.He pulled through mud,over pieces of houses to the source of the cries.At firs
19、t,he saw an arm reaching up through the debris.There,a woman,buried under pieces of walls.furniture,and trees.was holding a baby.Finally,he freed the baby.By this time,other citizens had come.After saving the woman,Kris moved on.He was still a mile from home.Ahead lay two fallen houses.He heard a mo
20、an.Stepping toward the house,Kris nearly killed himself in the mud.An older man was trapped in house debris.He was twice Kriss weight.Hed have to wait for more help.Just then,Kris heard another man moaning from the second house.Kris pulled away some pieces of the house,but the man was buried too dee
21、ply for him.Hearing helicopter(直升飞机)on the roof,Kris climbed up,met a member of the search-and-rescue team and led him to the first man.Then he headed back and kept digging until he could turn the second man over.After the rest of the team arrived,Kris moved on to find his family.Kris finally reache
22、d home.It was flooded,but the mud had stopped just shy of the house.His truck was gone,as were LoAnna and the others.He checked cars and houses nearby for survivors,then ran to the command center.Not long after he arrived,he saw his truck coming down the road.LoAnna jumped out.Kris was praised by th
23、e Red Cross for his heroics.10.The purpose of the first two paragraphs is to .A.create an unusual setting of the story B.introduce the central idea of the story C.describe a turning point of the story D.review the main character of the story 11.Which of the following is the correct order of the stor
24、y?a.Kris found a man buried too deeply for him.b.Kris heard a woman screaming for help.c.Kris led a rescue member to save the older man.d.Kris found LoAnna,kids and his truck gone.e.Kris was nearly killed in the mud.A.beacd B.badec C.aecbd D.aedbc 12.Which of the following sentences is TRUE?A.Kris s
25、aved three persons in all.B.Kris saved the baby by himself.C.Kris pulled the first man out of mud.D.Kris found some survivors near his house.13.Which sentence best shows the central theme in the text?A.Kris got a call from LoAnna.B.He was still a mile from home.C.He saw his truck coming down the roa
26、d.D.Kris was praised by the Red Cross for his heroics.4 As parents,you can help children deal with the fear of natural disasters(自然灾害)and help protect them from being hurt by telling them how disasters happen,and what to do when disasters happen.Here are some tips for you:Find out what disasters are
27、 possible in your area by visiting your local library.Think about where your family should go if your house is destroyed.Teach children the warning signs and signals in your area and practice what to do if a disaster happens.Once you know the danger,ask your children to help check the safety in your
28、 house.You and your children can also work together on a disaster plan and prepare a disaster box with food,water and necessary tools.If a disaster does happen,pay attention to your childrens behavior.Changes in behavior,for example,acting strangely,mean that your children need help.Allow children t
29、o share their feelings about what has happened such as drawing a picture or writing a story.Let friends and neighbors help you if they can.Continue to tell your children that they are loved.14.The passage was written for _.A.students B.parents C.policemen D.doctors 15.When we prepare for a natural d
30、isaster,which of the following is necessary?A.A disaster box B.Finding changes in behavior.C.Sharing feelings D.Drawing pictures.16.What are the last four tips mainly about?A.What parents can do before a disaster happens.B.What parents can do when a disaster happens C.Childrens behavior before a dis
31、aster happens D.Childrens behavior after a disaster happens.17.Where may you read the passage from?A.A newspaper about history B.A book on drawing and writing C.A book about childrens body language D.An article about human beings and disasters 5 In late May this year,strong storms passed through Mia
32、mi-Dade County,Florida,USA.The floods(洪水)turned roads into brown rivers.When storm drains get plugged up(雨水下水道被堵塞),rainwater builds up on the streets.Its the leading cause of weatherrelated deaths in the United States.A team of local middle school students made a plan for solving this problem.They a
33、re sixth-grade students Alyssa Neuber,Bianca Verri and Jose Pirela,all from Downtown Doral Upper School.With the help of their science teacher,they invented a device(装置)to warn city workers when and where there is a danger of flooding.Bianca,one of the team members,said,“All of us have experienced p
34、roblems with flooding,and we knew we had to do something about it.”One teacher at the school said,“Floods are common in South Florida,and students at our school hope their device will help.”The students device uses a laser system(激光系统).When connected to storm drains,the device could warn the city wo
35、rkers if a drain is plugged up.Then the city workers could clean the drain at once.Their project got support from many people.“Our classmates helped us in the beginning to find information about how to use the laser system,”said the team.“We each took on a task that we are good at and then started t
36、o work more closely with our science teacher.Class parents who were engineers also helped us a lot.”During the process(过程)the students learned how to work together as a team and trust each other.Each member put in a lot of effort and finally they made it.18.How many students worked together to inven
37、t the device?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.19.What does the device use to warn city workers?A.An internet system.B.A laser system.C.Team Cooperation(合作)Spirit 20.What did the students learn while they were inventing the device?A.The science teacher is the most important of all the teachers.B.Class parents c
38、an always help them whenever they are in trouble.C.How to work together as a team and trust each other.21.What can be the best title of the passage?A.New Invention to Avoid Floods.B.Three Students.C.A Device to Warn City Workers 二、完型填空 1 What can people do when natural disasters(灾难)happen?Can we sto
39、p them?No,we cant.The only thing we can do is to clean up after the disasters.Last year I met Mr.Flood.It started raining and 22 raining almost a month:the water on the streets got higher and higher every day.We used 23 instead of cars.We lost lots of things,including our businesses,our jobs and our
40、 homes.Schools 24 and farms were destroyed.We ran out of food and clean water.In some places the water was higher than the buildings.I felt like we lived in a(n)25 world.Because of the flood,lots of 26 broke out.Some people died.The soil and other things made the water become very,very 27 .That was
41、in summer time,so though it was raining,the 28 was still high.The hot weather and dirty water made the air very bad.Hospitals didnt have enough rooms for 29 .When the flood was over,I looked around my city.The word“30 ”can describe the situation.Everything was destroyed and lots of people were sick,
42、but we were very strong,I think.We had to 31 our city,take care of the sick people,and start our schools again.I just hope that one day,people can stop the natural disasters whenever they happen.After all,people are very clever.22.A.kept B.finished C.stopped D.had 23.A.bikes B.trains C.boats D.ships
43、 24.A.started B.closed C.opened D.start 25.A.water B.fire C.ice D.apple 26.A.happiness B.illnesses C.hardness D.hard 27.A.dirty B.clean C.clear D.health 28.A.temperature B.weather C.water D.food 29.A.nurses B.doctors C.patients D.doctor 30.A.sad B.beautiful C.good D.happy 31.A.rebuild B.return C.rem
44、ain D.fetch 2 It was 3:43.Thunder was crashing and the rain was pouring.Suddenly my father rushed into my room.“Adam!Adam!Get up!Were flooding!”he shouted and shook me by the shoulders.That woke 32 up!I ran downstairs to the basement.It was like a swimming pool.My mother and I immediately started to
45、 pick up things and take them upstairs.I had no 33 on,so my feet were quite freezing.Things got worse every minute.Within the next hour,we had moved everything that we could to the first floor.The computer,big-screen television and heavy boxes 34 with our most valuable things were taken to safety.35
46、 ,our piano,sofa,washing machine and water heater were all still down therebeing 36 There was nothing we could do.That was the hardest part.Knowing that your home is being destroyed is bad enough,but 37 that you cant do anything to stop it feels even worse.Water had come in our front door.Rescue 38
47、were floating in our streets.Mother told me to pack an overnight bag of clothes and valuables and get ready to leave.When it was 39 safe to walk outside,all the people in the neighborhood 40 at the street corner.People became friends,and friends became like family.People 41 each other.We learned lat
48、er that the National Weather Service had declared the storm a flash flood.I really have 42 something from this flood.Ive learned what destruction is.I have learned what 43 means.I know in the future,when I watch people s lives affected by natural disasters,I can understand them.I will show great pit
49、y on them and I will do what I can to help them.32.A.him B.them C.her D.me 33.A.hat B.shoes C.jacket D.glasses 34.A.covered B.crowded C.filled D.fixed 35.A.So B.And C.Because D.However 36.A.discovered B.arranged C.measured D.destroyed 37.A.realizing B.knowing C.telling D.writing 38.A.ships B.boats C
50、.cars D.buses 39.A.finally B.usually C.exactly D.certainly 40.A.stood B.walked C.gathered D.met 41.A.comforted B.influenced C.believed D.worried 42.A.learned B.discovered C.thought D.concluded 43.A.truth B.safety C.value D.regret 三、短文填空 Last summer,I went to a river trek（徒步旅行）with my mother and some