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1、2023 年中考英语时事热点阅读专练 热点 83 龙卷风成因及危害防范 据中央电视台新闻，当地时间 2021 年 12 月 10 日夜间，美国中部 6 个州遭遇至少 30 场龙卷风袭击。遭龙卷风袭击的 6 个州分别是阿肯色州、密西西比州、伊利诺伊州、肯塔基州、田纳西州和密苏里州。截至北京时间 12 日上午 8 时许，龙卷风灾害已造成超过百人死亡。一、阅读理解 1 A tornado（龙卷风）is a kind of strong storm with air which moves in a circle quickly.They can move over 200 miles per hou
2、r and cause a lot of damage（损坏）.As they move across the land,they can easily pick up cars,trucks,and even houses,and then throw them very far.It is important to find a safe place if a tornado gets close.A safe place could be a basement（地下室）or the lowest floor.If you are in a home without a basement,
3、try to find a first-floor bathroom or a small room without windows in the middle of your house.You should curl up（蜷缩）into a ball and cover your head and neck with your hands.But there are some people who actually want to get close to tornadoes.They are scientists who want to learn more about tornado
4、es.One of the best ways to do this is to get as close as possible to the tornado.They use special tools to measure（测量）what is happening in and around a tornado.One special tool is called a tornado probe（探测仪）.Inside the tornado probe,there are sensors（传感器）to measure wind speed,temperature,pressure,an
5、d direction.Some probes even have cameras,so the scientists can see and understand what its like to be in a tornado.To be able to get these measurements,the scientists have to get a tornado probe near or into a tornado.Scientists will try to guess where a tornado will go next.Then they drive to that
6、 location and put down the probe.If they do not guess correctly,they pick up their probe and try another place.If they are right,the tornado will go near or even right over the probe.Then they take all of the measurements from the probe and use them to predict where future tornadoes may form（形成）and
7、travel.And they can give people some warning to keep away from a dangerous tornado.1.If a tornado gets close,what should people do to keep safe?A.Go to a basement.B.Find a small room.C.Stay in a bathroom.D.Curl the legs up.2.What can the sensor in a probe NOT do?A.Measure wind speed and temperature.
8、B.Take photos and videos.C.Measure wind temperature and pressure.D.Measure wind speed and direction.3.Which statement about the scientists is TRUE?A.They risk their lives studying tornadoes.B.They can easily put the probe in the right place.C.They get close to a tornado to admire it.D.With the help
9、of the measurements,they can prevent the tornado forming.4.The passage mainly tells us _.A.what a tornado is B.how dangerous a tornado is C.where a tornado may form and travel D.how scientists do research work on tornadoes 5.You may find this passage in _.A.a novel B.a storybook C.a guidebook D.a sc
10、ience magazine 2 The Mayos,two young brothers named Will and Charlie Mayo lived in Rochester,Minnesota.Both of them became doctors after their graduation from medical school.One summer day on their way back home,the sky was growing dark.Everything was strangely quiet.“Look!”Will pointed.“A tornado(龙
11、卷风)!”Luckily,they were not hurt.But many people got injured.As soon as possible,the Mayos turned the town hall into an emergency hospital.They helped the injured people as much as they could.After the tornado ended,the brothers realized that there were things they didnt know.“Why dont you and I take
12、 turns traveling?”said Will to Charlie.“One of us can stay and look after our patients.The other can visit the best hospitals and doctors in the world.That way we can keep learning and be better doctors.”From that time on,the Mayos traveled the world,learning about medicine in turn.Soon they became
13、well known around their area.They published over 1,000 papers in medical magazines.Even though they were successful,they were never interested in honor(荣誉).Neither one thought he was more important than his brother.Whenever one of them was chosen for an honor,he would accept the honor with the same
14、four words,“My brother and 1.”.“One nice thing about sharing knowledge,”Charlie once said,“is that after you give it to someone else,you still have it!”If you do choose to give something to someone else,or accept what others give to you,you may discover that sharing makes you feel happy,just as the
15、Mayo brothers did.6.Which is true about the Mayos?A.They are doctors.B.They graduated from art school.C.They look quiet and strange.D.They were injured in the tornado.7.After the tornado ended,the Mayos realized that _.A.they had to go back to university B.they should travel and have fun C.they shou
16、ld go on further learning D.they had to set up their own hospital 8.When one of the Mayos accepts an honor,he may say,“My brother and I _.”A.are well known B.own it together C.dont honor it D.care about it 9.What does the passage mainly tell us?A.People have to learn to be a good doctor.B.The Mayos
17、were well known in their area.C.Sharing makes people happier and closer.D.The Mayos met a tornado on their way back home.3 It happened today,which we never want to happen,but weve been preparing for throughout the school year.A tornado(飓风)touched down near our school as we expected.I wasnt even in t
18、he classroom at the moment.I had taken a student with me to the workroom to help gather some teaching objects.When the emergency(应急)alarms went off,immediately I grabbed my students hand and ran as fast as I could back to the classroom.I never imagined actually needing to put emergency steps to good
19、 use.I lined my class up on the wall.I had them crouch(蹲)down with their knees and heads touching the ground,hands on the backs of their heads.Their hearts beat fast.They couldnt catch their breath.The fear filled their eyes.They looked up at me as they asked if their parents,grandparents and friend
20、s were going to be okay.I never imagined the silence that would come over the whole schoolyard,with hundreds of students lined up against the walls of one building.I never imagined the way I would feel,and other teachers along with me,as we tried our best to comfort our students,assure them of their
21、 safety,and promise them everything would be all right when we truly didnt know what the result would be.Today has taken a toll(灾难)on me,as I am sure it has on the hundreds and thousands of teachers in the local areas.But at the same time,I am beyond proud,surprised and encouraged at how my students
22、 behaved.Never have I seen they follow directions so quickly and quietly.Even though tears were in eyes,hearts were beating fast,my students were brave beyond their years today.And they were able to be 100%calm and collected(镇静的)the whole time.Tomorrow will bring a new set of challenges.I have made
23、it my lifes goal to empower(允许),train and teach them.10.The teachers and students have prepared for tornadoes _.A.the whole day B.today C.all year round D.the whole school year 11.The word“assure”in the fifth paragraph has the meaning of _.A.make sure B.believe in C.keep safe D.calm down 12.Which ar
24、e right orders according to the passage?I took a student with me to the workroom for teaching objects.The emergency alarms went off all of sudden.I got my class lined up on the wall.I with the student rushed back to the classroom.A.B.C.D.13.The teacher was greatly moved because _.A.other teachers he
25、lped with teaching in class B.the students parents worked with the school all the time C.the tornado had gone at last D.the students were brave and well-organized on tornado day 14.The passage mainly tells us _.A.the school was damaged after the tornado B.the teachers and students stayed calm when t
26、he tornado happened C.the brave teacher saved many peoples lives D.tornadoes happen once a year in the US 4 Well today it happened.A day we never want to happen but continually prepare for throughout the school year.We had a tornado(龙卷风)touch down near the school.I wasnt even in the classroom when i
27、t happened.I had taken a student with me to the workroom to help get things for a project.When the sirens(警报器)went off,I immediately held my students hand and ran as fast as I could back to the classroom.Never did I imagine need to put our tornado drills(训练)to use.I never imagined actually needing t
28、o line my students up on the wall,have them crouch down with their knees and heads touching the ground,hands on the backs of their heads.Their hearts beating so fast(and mine,if we are honest)they couldnt catch their breath,or the fear filled eyes looking up at me as they asked if their mommies,dadd
29、ies,grandparents and friends were going to be OK.Never did I imagine the terrible silence that would come over the whole school,with hundreds of students lined up against the walls of one building.Never did I imagine the way would feel.Along with other teachers,we tried our best to comfort our stude
30、nts,make sure of their safety and promise them everything would be alright,when we truly didnt know what the result would be.Today has taken a toll(造成损害)on me,as I am sure it has on the hundreds and thousands of teachers in the local areas.But at the same time,I am really proud and surprised at how
31、my students handled themselves today.In such a scary and dangerous situation,my students handled themselves with the attitudes of children much older than them.Never in my life have I seen my students follow directions so quickly.Even though some tears were shed,some hearts were beating fast,my stud
32、ents were brave.They had such an unshaking trust in my assistant and myself that they were able to be 100%calm the whole time.I am truly grateful.Tomorrow will bring a new set of challenges and will be a day used to encourage and prepare the students for the next time this might happen.Right now,loo
33、k back on the day,being thankful for everyones safety,courage and bravery.15.What does the underlined word“crouch”in the third paragraph mean?A.put the body close to the ground with the legs under you B.lie on the ground for relaxing yourself C.walk on your feet D.move by jumping on one foot 16.Acco
34、rding to the passage,we have known that the teachers did many things EXCEPT that _.A.they had given the students tornado training before B.they called the students parents to make sure of their safety C.they tried their best to comfort the students D.they asked the students to line up on the wall 17
35、.From _,we can get to know why the writer highly praised his students.A.Paragraph 1,2 and 3 B.Paragraph 4 and 5 C.Paragraph 5 and 6 D.Paragraph 5,6 and 7 18.This passage is written to _.A.teach the students how to be brave when facing the difficulties in their lives B.stress(强调)the importance of tor
36、nado drills C.say thanks to all the students and the teachers in his school D.record the experience and his feelings on that day 5 Oct 29,2012 was a dark day for the American people.A huge hurricane(飓风)named Sandy hit the US,along with thunderstorms,heavy snow and flooding.It caused great damage in
37、many places.Cities like New York were left with flooded streets and no electricity.A hurricane is a kind of tropical cyclone(热带气旋)that is found in the northeastern Pacific Ocean,South Pacific,or North Atlantic Ocean.When it appears in the northwestern Pacific,it is called a typhoon.Southern China ha
38、s the longest record of experiencing typhoons in the area.So hurricanes and typhoons are the same thing;the only difference is where they happen.They form on the sea and are caused by temperature differences.There is another kind of cyclone called a tornado.A tornado forms from the twisting(扭曲)of ri
39、sing air.Its a violently rotating(旋转的)column of air that connects with clouds above it and the land below.Tornados form on the land and often begin with thunderstorms.The US has the most tornados of any country.This is because of some of the special features of the North American continent.The conti
40、nent spreads from the tropical north to the arctic(北极的).There are no large mountains from east to west,so it is easy for warm and cold air to meet.When this happens,thunderstorms soon follow.As for Hurricane Sandy,scientists believe that it began due to unusually warm water.Then it joined with a lar
41、ge Arctic weather system,which increased its size and changed it into a winter storm with far more power.19.What do we know about Sandy?A.It is a name of hurricane.B.It hit the US in summertime.C.It caused little damage to New York.D.It came with thunderstorms.20.What can we infer from Paragraphs 2
42、and 3?A.Hurricanes can also be called typhoons.B.Hurricanes and typhoons are caused by the same things.C.Hurricanes and typhoons are totally different.D.Typhoons usually appear in the northeastern Pacific Ocean.21.Warm and cold air easily meet on the North American continent because _.A.the continen
43、t is wide B.the continent spreads from the east to the west C.they are too strong to be stopped D.there are no high mountains there to stop the air 22.What would be a good title for this story?A.Hurricanes and Typhoons B.Hurricane Sandy C.Cyclones in Different Areas D.Winter storms in the US 二、完型填空
44、Carson was having dinner with his mother and sisters one evening.Suddenly his younger sister asked,“23 does it look like that outside?”Everyone looked out of the window on the north side of the kitchen.They saw the sun in a blue sky.Then,they looked out of the window on the south side of the kitchen
45、.They saw a dark sky 24 big，grey clouds.Next，they heard the tornado siren(龙卷风报警）.That meant a tornado was coming.They all knew that during a tornado，the 25 place to be is underground.26 ，they had a basement(地下室）.They all ran quickly into the basement.Suddenly,Carson remembered the pet cat,Pete.Mum,w
46、e 27 Pete!”Carson yelled,“I will go upstairs and find him!”But his mother said,“No,Carson!Its too dangerous.The tornado is coming,you have to stay down here.”All at once they 28 the very loud noise of a very strong wind.It was 29 loud that although they were screaming,they could not even hear their
47、own screams.Everyone was very scared.Just 30 seconds later，it was finished.The tornado went away and everyone was safe.Carson ran upstairs and found that the house was 31 damaged and Pete was gone.He began to cry went outside.He saw that all the trees were knocked down 32 one.And at the top of the t
48、ree,there was Pete,looking at Carson and waiting for him to help him down.23.A.How B.What C.Why D.Where 24.A.with B.have C.has D.having 25.A.safe B.safest C.safely D.safety 26.A.Lucky B.Luck C.Luckily D.Unlucky 27.A.forgot B.left C.leave D.forget 28.A.heard about B.heard C.listened to D.heard of 29.
49、A.very B.such C.too D.so 30.A.a few of B.a little C.a few D.a little of 31.A.bad B.badly C.worse D.worst 32.A.besides B.except C.expect D.beside 三、短文汉语提示填空 The Myth of crop circles Have you ever heard of the crop circles?Its a magic event:crops in the field get curved（弯曲的）over one night and show dif
50、ferent patterns（图案）.Most times,they show simple circles or circles with rings.So they are named“crop circles”.Its not a m_33_ event.But in ancient times,people couldnt see these patterns,because you need to see them from some h_34_ places and there were no tall buildings in the fields.With the inven