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1、Welcome to our school高考复习指导高考复习指导-定语从句定语从句关系关系副词副词when时间时间时间状语时间状语where地点地点地点状语地点状语why原因原因原因状语原因状语 关关 系系 副副词词考点考点一一：介词：介词+关系代词关系代词*“of+which/whom”可用来限定名词、代词、可用来限定名词、代词、分数词、数词等。分数词、数词等。e.g.1.Inthedarkstreet,therewasntasingleperson_shecouldturnforhelp.A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom2.Hepaidtheboy$10forw
2、ashingthewindows,mostof_hadntbeencleanedforatleastayear.A.theseB.thoseC.thatD.whichDD介词的选用原则介词的选用原则1)根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭2)配来决定。如：配来决定。如：ThisisthebookonwhichIspent8yuan.ThisisthebookforwhichIpaid8 yuan.spendmoneyonsth.为固定搭配为固定搭配paymoneyforsth.为固定搭配为固定搭配2)根据先行词的搭配习惯来决定。根据先行词的搭配习惯来决定。如：如：Ire
3、memberthedayonwhichIjoinedtheLeague.IrememberthedaysduringwhichIlivedhere.IrememberthemonthinwhichIstayedthere.强调在具体某一天要用介词强调在具体某一天要用介词on强调在某几天时间内要用介词强调在某几天时间内要用介词during在在month前介词要用前介词要用in3)根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系。根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系。Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?4)根据从句中形容词的习惯搭配根据从句中形容词的习惯搭配
4、。CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichImnotsure？注意：注意：含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介介词仍放在短语动词的后面。词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等。如：等。如：Thisisthewatch(which/that)Iamlookingfor.这是我正在找的手表。这是我正在找的手表。ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.正正误误Thebabies(whom/who/that)thenurseislookingaft
5、erareveryhealthy.那个保姆照看的小宝宝们都很健康。那个保姆照看的小宝宝们都很健康。Thebabiesafterwhomthenurseislookingareveryhealthy.正正误误“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”前或后还可有前或后还可有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代词或者数词。等代词或者数词。如：如：Heloveshisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他都很好。都很好。Inthebaske
6、ttherearequitemanyapples,someofwhich(=ofwhichsome)havegonebad.篮子里有好些苹果，有些已经坏了。篮子里有好些苹果，有些已经坏了。Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhom(=ofwhommost)arefrombigcities.我们班总共有我们班总共有40个学生，大多数来自大个学生，大多数来自大城市。城市。Uptonow,hehaswrittentenstories,threeofwhich(=ofwhichthree)areaboutcountrylife.迄今为止，他写了迄今为
7、止，他写了10部小说，其中部小说，其中部是关于农村生活的。部是关于农村生活的。1.Doyoulikethebook_shespent$10?2.Doyoulikethebook_shepaid$10?onwhichUseproperprepositionsandrelativepronounstofillintheblanks.forwhichPracticeone3.Doyoulikethebook_shelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebook_sheoftentalks?5.Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest_istheYell
8、owRiver.fromwhichaboutwhichofwhich6.Theman_Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.7.Thisisthebook_Iamlookingfor.towhomwhich1.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone_theycantalkfrequently.（04上海）上海）A.whoB.asC.aboutwhichD.withwhomPracticetwo2.TheEnglishplay_mystudentsactedattheNewY
9、earspartywasagreatsuccess.（04全国全国I）A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich3.Therearealtogetherelevenbooksontheshelf,_fivearemine.（04全国全国IV）A.onwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhich4.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,_thesailingtimewas226days.（04广西）广西）A.ofwhichB.duringwhichC.fromwhichD.fo
10、rwhich如何恰当选择关系副词when,where,why与关系代词which,that?考点五考点五考点二The town _ you visited yesterday was built in 1990.This is the town _I spent my childhood.where/in whichwhich/thatIll never forget the day _ we first met in the park.Ill never forget the day _ was spent with you.when/on which which/thatThis is t
11、he reason _ I didnt come here.why/for which The reason _ she gave was not true.which/that如如果果先先行行词词是是时时间间、地地点点或或理理由由，而而引引导导词词在在从从句句中中作作时时间间、地地点点、原原因因等等状状语语时时，引引导导词词用用when,where,why；有有时时尽尽管管先先行行词词是是时时间间、地地点点或或理理由由，但但是是引引导导词词在在从从句句中中不不作作状状语语，而而是是作作主主语语、宾宾语语或表或表语语，引，引导词则导词则用用that或或which。练习：练习：Those suc
12、cessful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _ sight matters more than hearing.A.when B.whose C.which D.where We are living in an age_ many things are done on computer.A.which B.that C.whose D.when链接高考链接高考DDAnyway,that evening,_Ill tell you more about later,ended up staying at Rachels plac
13、e.A.when B.where C.what D.whichThe films brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.A.until B.that C.when D.whereIn an hour,we can travel to places _would have taken our ancestors days to reach.A.where B.when C.which D.whatDCCthe way做先行词时该怎么办？考点五考点五考点三总结：当总结：当way
14、做先行词做先行词,并在定语从句中并在定语从句中做状语时做状语时,关系词用关系词用that或或in which或省或省略略;做主语和宾语或表语时，关系词用做主语和宾语或表语时，关系词用that或或which或省略。或省略。考点五考点五思考：1.I like the way the teacher gives his lessons.in which/(that)/2.The way he explained to us is quite simple.that/which/v(1)Youshouldtreathimintheway_suitshimmost.(2)Pleasesharethewa
15、ywithus_youstudyEnglish.A.thatB.inwhichvC.howD.whyAB考点考点四四.易混句型易混句型1.定语从句与状语从句定语从句与状语从句1).a.Thisissuchabigstone_noonecanliftit.b.Thisissuchabigstone_noonecanlift.2).a.Pleaseputtheletterinthedrawer_hecaneasilyfindit.b.Pleaseputtheletter_hecaneasilyfindit.解题点拨解题点拨:(1)状语从句中状语从句中的的thatthat 是连词，在从句中不是连词，
16、在从句中不充当任何成分，而充当任何成分，而定语从句中定语从句中的的asas在从句中要作一个成在从句中要作一个成分（主语，宾语或表语）。分（主语，宾语或表语）。(2)句句which引导的是定语从句修饰引导的是定语从句修饰名词名词drawerdrawer,而而where引导的是地点状语修饰引导的是地点状语修饰动词动词putput。thatas/in whichwherewherev(1)Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.(2)Thepicturebroughtmebacktothehour
17、s_IspentwiththevillagerswhenIwas12.A.untilB.thatC.whenD.whereCB2.定语从句与名词性从句定语从句与名词性从句1)a.Hedidall(that)hecouldtohelpme.2)a.Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.3)a._isknowntousall,theearthturnsroundthesun.b.Itisknowntousall_TaiwanbelongstoChina.c._isknowntousallisthattheearthissmallerthanthesun.b.Hedidwhathe
18、couldtohelpme.b.Whatcanbedonehasbeendone.AsthatWhatv(1)Afast-foodrestaurantistheplace,just_thenamesuggests,eatingisperformedquickly.v(2)Afast-foodrestaurantistheplace_youcaneatquickly.(3)Afast-foodrestaurantistheplace,_canprepareyourfoodquickly.A.whichB.whereC.asD.whatcBA考点五考点五4._is well-known that
19、Antarctica is difficult to reachA.It B.What C.As D.Which A5._is well-known,Antarctica is difficult to reach.A.It B.What C.As D.which C 6._is well-known is that Antarctica is difficult to reach.A.It B.What C.As D.which Bv7.(1)Isthisfarm_youvisitedlastsummerwiththeforeignfriends?(2)Isthisthefarm_youvi
20、sitedlastsummerwiththeforeignfriends?*A.theoneB.whichC.thatD./v8.Aterribleearthquakehappenedinthatdistrictattheendof2004,_manycountriesintheworldpaidcloseattentiontothis.A、whereB、whenC、whichD、whatAC/DB速决速决10 题题1.Pointing to the house on _ roof grew lots of bush,the old man told me that was _ I would
21、 stay.A.its;what B.whose;what C.whose;where D.its;where2.It is the teacher-and student interaction _ students should be the center of teaching _makes classroom learning a more enjoyable process.A.where;that B.that;that C.which;that D.where;whichCA当先行词是表示模糊观念的地点词：当先行词是表示模糊观念的地点词：situation/state/condi
22、tion/activity/stage/job/scene/culture/atmosphere/point/case等且在句中做状语时关系副等且在句中做状语时关系副词用词用where.当先行词是当先行词是occasion(机会，场合机会，场合)时，关系副词用时，关系副词用when.3.-Wheredidyouseehimforthefirsttime?-Itwasinthefactory_weworked.AthatBwhereCwhich Dwhen4.-Wheredidyoufindyourwallet?-Itwasintheshop_Iboughttheshirt.A.that B.w
23、hich C.where D.there5.Withmorethan17000islands,_only6000areinhabited,Indonesiaistheworldslargestarchipelago(岛国).A.onwhichB.forwhichC.ofwhichD.alongwhichBCC6、Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbuthesaidit.AthewayBinthewaythatCinthewayDthewaywhich7、Bynineoclock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofM
24、ountQomolangma,_appearedararerainbowsoon.A.ofwhichB.onwhichC.fromwhichD.abovewhich8.Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareersheneededtodecidewhattodo.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where9.Thisistheyoungman_sisterIhaveworkedfiveyears.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.withwhose10.Thereweredirtymarksonhertrousers_shehadwipe
25、dherhands.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that五五、特殊定语从句、特殊定语从句1.分裂式定语从句分裂式定语从句：eg.Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvitedtotheimportantball.Theprofessorissleepingwhohasjustcomebackfromabroadafterajourney.Theworldpeople,especiallythepeople,whorefriendlytousdontlikewar.2.插入式定语从句插入式定语从句eg.Isuggestyouchoosesomeo
26、newhoyouthinkiskindandfriendly.Hemadeanothergreatdiscovery,whichIthinkisveryimportanttoscience.ThisisMrWhite,whoIthinkhassomethinginterestingtotellyou.3.省略式定语从句省略式定语从句eg.Shehasalotofthingswithwhichtodeal=withwhichsheshoulddeal.IintendtomakefriendswithaFrenchmanfromwhomtoimprovemyFrench.4.多重定语从句多重定语从
27、句eg.HesaidhewouldneverforgetthemomentwhenhefirstmetTomandwhichheregardedasthehappiestinhislife.5.关系副词关系副词where之前一般不加介词，但fromwhere是个例外，这时这时where指代指代地点地点短语短语而不是指代某个先行名词而不是指代某个先行名词。eg.Wewentuptotheroofofthebuilding,fromwherewehadagoodviewoftheprocession.Theystoodnearthenorthwindow,fromwherewecouldseeth
28、ewholegarden.Lookoverthere!Somepeoplearestandingunderthetreeonthehill,fromwhereyoucanenjoythewhole-view.6.定语从句中的倒装现象定语从句中的倒装现象：定语从句中有时会出现完全倒装语序，以便句子更加生动，形象，流畅，自然。这种语序常出现于以where或“介词+which”引导的定语从句中：eg.Thatisourschool,infrontofwhichliesalargewheatfield.Wegottoafarmhouse,wherelivedanoldfarmer.7.定语从句的主谓一
29、致：关系代词作从句的主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致，先行词是句子时，从句谓语动词用单数。-I,whoamyourclassmate,willsharetheworkwithyou.-Peterdrovetoofast,whichwasverydangerous.“oneof+复数名词”作先行词时，从句动词常用复数，但one前有theonly,thevery等修饰时，从句谓语用单数。Heisoneofthestudentswho_madegreatprogress.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_madegreatprogress.1.Whatw
30、ouldyoudo?Idgetajobdoingsomethingexciting,Icouldmeetinterestingpeopleandtravelalot.AwhereBwhichCwhenDthat2.Chinaspopulationisexpectedtoincreasetoabout1.5billionin2040,_itwillstarttodeclineslowly.1.A.whereB.afterwhichC.onwhichD.which3.Thenewsisspreadingaroundtheairportisabigsnowstormwillcomeattacking
31、.Awhich;whichB/;thatCthat;whichDthat;that4.IcantfindMr.SmithWheredidyoumeethimthismorning?Itwasinthehotel_hestayedAthatBwhereCwhichDtheone5.Bungeejumpingisanadventuroussport,popularwithyoungadults,_couragemattersmorethanstrength.AwhoseBthatCofwhichDwhere6.Laterinthischaptercaseswillbeintroducedtorea
32、ders_consumercomplaintshaveresultedinchangesinthelaw.A.whereB.whenC.whoD.which7.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,_ofgreatimportancetoscience.A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkD.Ithinkwhichis8.Shemayhavemissedthetrain,_shewontarriveforanotherhour.A.inwhichB.whenC.inwhichcaseD.inthatcase9.Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudents_allowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.who10.MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,_,ofcourse,madealltheothersupset.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that