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1、2021 届上海平和双语学校中学部高三英语下学期期中考试试卷及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Last summer,Katie Steller pulled off the freeway on her way to work inMinneapolis.She stopped at a traffic light,where a man was sitting with a sign asking for help.She rolled down
2、 her window and shouted.“Hey.Im driving around giving free haircuts.Do you want one right now?”The man laughed,then paused.“Actually,”he said,“I was really hoping to get a haircut.”Steller pulled out a red chair from her car and helped the man cut his hair immediately.After the work was done,the man
3、 looked in a mirror.“I look good!”he said.Up to now,Steller has given 30 or so such haircuts around the city to people with little influence,and she is strongly aware of the power of her cleanup job.As a teen,she suffered from a severe disease,causing her hair to get thinned,so her mother arranged f
4、or Stellers first professional haircut.“To sit down and have somebody look at me and talk to me like a person and not just an illness,it helped me feel cared about and less alone,”she says.After that,Steller knew she wanted to have her own barbershop so she could help people feel the way shed felt t
5、hat day.Not long after finishing cosmetology(美容术)school in 2009,she began what she now calls her Red Chair Project,reaching out to people on the streets.Her aim was that by doing some kind acts,others would be inspired to spread their own.“Part of what broke my heart was just how lonely peoplelooked
6、,”she said.“I thought maybe Id go around and ask if people want free haircuts.I cant fix their problems,but maybe I can help them feel less alone for a moment.”It all began with a belief in simple acts of kindness,such as a free haircut.“The way you show up in the world matters,”said Steller.“You ha
7、ve no idea what people are going to do with the kindness that you give them.”1.How does the writer begin the passage?A.By making a comparison.B.By giving a reason.C.By raising a question.D.By describing a scene.2.What made Stellar start the Red Chair Project?A.Her mothers love for her.B.Her interest
8、 in cosmetology.C.Her care for those in need.D.Her wish to fight severe diseases.3.What did Stellar expect from the project?A.To spread kindness.B.To solve social problems.C.To deal with relationships.D.To make people look smarter.B If you easily make mistakes when in a hurry,a new study from Michig
9、an State Universitythe largest of its kind to date-found that meditation(冥想)could help you improve the situation.The research tested how open monitoring meditation(OMM)or,meditationthat focuses awareness on feelings or thoughts as they unfold in ones mind and bodyalteredbrain activity in a way that
10、suggested increased error recognition.“Peoples interest in meditation is outpacing what science can prove in terms of effects and benefits.”said Jeff Lin,MSU psychology doctoral candidate and study co-author.“But its amazing to me that we were able to see how one session of a guided meditation could
11、 produce changes to brain activity in non-meditators.”“Some forms of meditation have you focus on a single object,commonly your breath,but open monitoring meditation is a bit different,”Lin said,“It has you tune inward and pay attention to everything going on in your mind and body.The goal is to sit
12、 quietly and pay close attention to where the mind travels without getting too caught up in the scenery.”Lin and his MSU co-authorsWilliam Eckerle,Ling Peng and Jason Moserhired more than 200 participants to test how open monitoring meditation affected how people detect and respond toerrors.The part
13、icipants,who had never meditated before,were taken through a 20-minute open monitoring meditation exercise while the researchers measured brain activity through electroencephalography(脑电图),or EEG.Then,they completed a computerized distraction(分心)test.“The EEG can measure brain activity at the millis
14、econd level,so we got precise measures of brain activity right after mistakes compared to correct responses,”Lin said.“A certain neural signal occurs about half a second after an error called the error positivity,which is linked to conscious error recognition.We found that the strength of this signa
15、l is increased in the meditators to controls.”“These findings show what just 20 minutes of open monitoring meditation can do to improve the brains ability to detect and pay attention to mistakes,”Moser said.4.What does the underlined word“altered”in paragraph 2 probably mean?A.Changed.B.Prevented.C.
16、Started.D.Recorded.5.Why is open monitoring meditation different?A.It is just aimed at a single object.B.It clears your mind of everything.C.It gets too caught up in the scenery.D.It focuses on where the mind travels.6.What did the researchers do for the study A.They hired people who had meditated b
17、efore.B.They measured the participants brain activity.C.They reminded the participants to avoid errors.D.They had non-meditators design a distraction test.7.What is the best title for the text?A.Turn to OMM to Avoid Acting in a Hurry B.Youre Able to Recognize Errors Consciously C.Meditators Brain Pr
18、oves Much More Active D.OMM Can Help You Make Fewer Mistakes C If our kids dont fall,they dont learn to get up.I still remember the day in high school that my mom forgot to pick me up from school.Im the oldest of four children,and no doubt shed had a long day with the other kids and itd slipped her
19、mind.After waiting at school for an hour,I walked the three miles home,and when I got to my house,I shut our front door with anger,stormed into the kitchen and screamed in my moms face that shed forgotten me.Later that night,my dad told me I no longer had a ride to school the next day.I figured my m
20、om would still take me,but when the morning came,she refused.It was midterm,and as a straight-A student ready to start college applications,being late wasnt an option(选择).In my mind,missing these tests would have been the end of my academic career.I begged my mom.I told her she was ruining my future
21、 and everything Id worked for.But sheheld her ground,and that day,I walked to school.And I missed my tests.My mom didnt rescue me from failure.She let me suffer from it.She let me figure it out.She let me learn.Now,as a mom myself,Ive realized that I want my kids to experience failure because failur
22、e is how we grow,learn and think outside of ourselves.Its how we self-educate to learn whats right and respectable,and whats not.Its how we become responsible and enthusiastic.Falling down makes us better because we learn how to get up.8.What is one of the reasons that the author got angry that day?
23、A.She was tired.B.She failed in a test.C.She was late for school.D.She had to walk home by herself.9.How does the author feel about her childhood experience?A.Terrible.B.Meaningful.C.Embarrassing.D.Colorful.10.The underlined phrase“held her ground”in Paragraph 2 probably means“_”.A.gave in to me B.s
24、aid yes to me C.stayed in the place D.kept to her idea 11.What is the best title for the text?A.My Way of Growing B.The Value of Failure C.My Love for Mother D.Failure in My Life D Watching what you eat can be easier said than done,but a recent study shows it might not just be about whats on your pl
25、ate it could be about how quickly it disappears.Japanese researchers followed 1,083 adultsfor five years,splitting them into three categories based on how quickly they ate:slow,normal,and fast.They also answered a questionnaire at the beginning of the study,sharing their diet,physical activity,and m
26、edical history.In the beginning,none of the volunteers had metabolic syndrome(新陈代谢综合征)-meaning at least three risk factors which can lead to health problems like heart conditions and diabetes.When the participants reported back five years later 84 had been diagnosed(诊断)with metabolic syndrome and th
27、eir eating speed was a major predictor,according to the results in the journal Circulation.The fast eaters were 89 percent more likely to have metabolic syndrome than slow and normal eaters.Just 2.3 percent of slow eaters received the diagnosis,compared to 11.6 percent of fast eaters.But thats not a
28、ll.Fast eaters also saw more weight gain,larger waistlines,and higher blood sugar levels than slow eaters.The researchers saygobblingmakes it easier not to take notice of fullness before your body has a chance to signal you to stop.“So when people eat fast they are more likely to overeat,”said Takay
29、uki Yamaji,MD,study author and cardiologist at Hiroshima University in Japan in a statement.Previous research backs up the weight benefits of slow eating,too.One study of New Zealand women found fast eaters have higher body-mass indexes(指数),and a Chinese study found that both healthy and fat men ate
30、 less when told to chew 40 times instead of 15 times before swallowing.Initial research even suggests chewing your food longer could bum more calories-up to about 1,000 extra every month.12.What are the participants divided by?A.Medical history.B.Health condition.C.Physical activity.D.Eating speed.1
31、3.Which may be the result of the study?A.Fast eaters are 4 times more likely to have metabolic syndrome.B.Normal and slow eaters dont have metabolic illness.C.89%of fast eaters have higher blood pressure.D.Slow caters are healthier than fast eaters.14.What does the underlined word“gobbling”in Paragr
32、aph 4 best mean?A.Tasting slowly.B.Digesting quickly.C.Eating greedily.D.Cooking carefully.15.What does the last paragraph tell us?A.The importance of eating speed.B.The advantage of eating slowly.C.The result of a Chinese study.D.Fast eating and overeating.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中
33、选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Six Solar Terms in Summer Lixia Lixia is the first solar term in summer,signifying the beginning of the hotsummer._16_People usually consider Lixia as an important solar term.When it comes,the temperature rises obviously,and summer heat arrives,there is a remarkable increa
34、se in thunderstorms,and crops enter their peak season for growth.Xiaoman and Mangzhong During Xiaoman,summer harvest crops such as wheat already bear fruits,and their seeds are full though they are not ripe yet.Thus,the solar term is named Xiaoman.The solar term Xiaoman is in late May.Summer begins
35、to reach all parts of the country.Rainfall begins to increase further.Mangzhong means,wheat with awn（芒）should be harvested soon,and rice seeds with awn can be sown._17_ Xiazhi On the day of Xiazhi,the daytime in the Northern Hemisphere（半球）reaches its maxi-mum length._18_At Xiazhi,though there is dir
36、ect sunlight,it is not the hottest time in a year.Xiaoshu and Dashu _19_Xiaoshu is minor heat,which means its not very hot.The weather is getting increasingly hot,but not the hottest moment yet.The crops in the entire country begin to grow rapidly,and this situation requires more intensive field man
37、agement.Dashu is extreme heat.Compared to Xiaoshu,its much hotter._20_And it also marks the period with the fastest growth for crops which enjoy heat.A.The charactershumeans heat.B.It predicts the busy farming activities of farmers.C.The temperatures rise and summer drought begins.D.The more norther
38、n a place is,the longer its daytime is.E.People need to prepare for heat prevention and cooling.F.It means the end of spring,and the beginning of summer.G.It marks the hottest period with the highest temperatures in a year.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选
39、项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 When Charlie reached 13 years old,his father David introduced him to rock climbing.One day they_21_to set out for the wild Bighorn Crags and filled their packs with enough supplies to last two weeks._22_during the second week,David had an accident and broke several bones.Charlie_23_
40、his father down to the base of the cliff(悬崖).It was dusk and David was shaking with cold and exhaustion.Charlie returned to their campsite,more than a mile down a steep slop(斜坡)，and_24_sleeping bags,warm clothes and energy bars.Worried that David would die if he fell asleep,Charlie kept the_25_going
41、;they talked about past travels,the stars overhead and the accident._26_Charlie allowed himself a very short_27_checking on his father each time he awoke.When the sun rose,Charlie was_28_to see that his father was awake.They started down the slope and_29_their campsite around 4 p.m.David_30_Charlie
42、to look for help the next morning.Charlie burst into tears,but he knew he didnt have a_31_Just after dawn,Charlie headed toward the volunteers house,determined to bring back a_32_that would carry his father to safety.Charlies_33_was 12 miles away,where people had a two-way radio,which could be_34_to
43、 call for help.On his way,Charlie_35_voices in the distance.He blew his whistle and called out,and the voices_36_.Following his ears,Charlie_37_some people.Hearing the_38_in Charlies voice,one man offered to run to the volunteers house and Charlie followed him.Sometime that evening,David awoke at a
44、hospital,with Charlie at his_39_Father and son hugged.Charlie had kept his_40_He brought back a helicopter.21.A.refused B.regretted C.remembered D.decided 22.A.Similarly B.Possibly C.Undoubtedly D.Unfortunately 23.A.invited B.knocked C.helped D.passed 24.A.brought back B.gave up C.looked at D.pointe
45、d at 25.A.movement B.conversation C.system D.adventure 26.A.Suddenly B.Strangely C.Immediately D.Eventually 27.A.walk B.sleep C.thought D.stop 28.A.happy B.hard C.able D.curious 29.A.toured B.examined C.decorated D.reached 30.A.led B.warned C.advised D.followed 31.A.chance B.choice C.plan D.right 32
46、.A.car B.helicopter C.boat D.bike 33.A.destination B.school C.house D.exit 34.A.created B.replaced C.used D.attached 35.A.heard B.ignored C.added D.raised 36.A.disappeared B.softened C.answered D.argued 37.A.met B.hurt C.understood D.needed 38.A.anger B.humour C.pride D.urgency 39.A.airport B.bedsid
47、e C.campsite D.hotel 40.A.record B.patience C.promise D.silence 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Nowadays,every family produces electronic rubbish(e-rubbish)-_41._old TV or computer printer,or an out-of-date mobile phone we no longer need.But when we throw these everyd
48、ay things away,not many of_42._(we)know where these objects go.The reporter,Peter Essick,decided_43._(follow)this e-rubbish to several different countries around the world.Later,Essick found a lot of e-rubbish had gone to Ghana,_44._he saw mountains of old computers.In the local markets,he_45._(disc
49、over)the sellers resell some of the computers,and of course most of them dont work.They recycle the broken computers by melting(融化)the parts inside.These parts have a little metal such as copper or even gold sometimes.However,this process of_46._(recycle)is dangerous for the workers because it produ
50、ces a lot of poisonous chemicals.As a result of his journey,Peter Essick thinks it is important to stop exporting e-rubbish.It is_47._(harm)to the environment and it is bad for_48._(people)health.Peter Essick believes factories need to produce more eco-friendly electronics in the future._49._other w