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1、浙江省浙江省 20222022 年中考英语真题分类汇编:单词拼写(短文类)年中考英语真题分类汇编:单词拼写(短文类)一、单词拼写(词汇运用)一、单词拼写(词汇运用)阅读下面短文,然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)。Most kids love sweets.WhyWhen we eat or1(喝)sweet foods,the sugar enters our blood andinfluences our brain.It2(留下)god feelings with us,making us want more.In fact,all3(美味的)foods do th
2、is,but sugar has an especially strong power.Thats why doctors4(总是)advise us to Early humans often had very little food,so our5(身体)learned tostore a lot of sugar as fat.In this way,we6(节省)energy for when there was no food.But today,mostpeople have more than enough.So it may now be harming our7(健康).It
3、s certain8(更少的)sugar.The trouble is that,in todays world,our foods are filled with sugar.Although our9(餐)look better,large amounts of sugar are often added.To solve the problem,weshould take more exercise,10(两次)a week at least.And remember,next time you want somecookies,eat an apple instead.【答案】1dri
4、nk;2leaves;3delicious;4always;5bodies;6saved;7health;8less;9meals;10twice【知识点】单词拼写;科普类;说明文【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍孩子们喜欢的甜食对身体的害处以及如何更好地吃甜食。【点评】考查单词拼写,注意根据所给词义和句子结构确定词性和词性,同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。1句意:当我们吃或喝甜食时。drink,喝,动词,根据空格前 or,可知前后时态保持一致,时态为一般现在时,主语为 we,此处应用动词原形 drink,故答案为 drink。2句意:它让我们有了上帝的感觉,让我们想要更多。leave,离开,动词,分析
5、句子成分可知此处缺少谓语动词,又因主语为 it,单数,时态为一般现在时,应用动词的三单,leaves,故答案为 leaves。3句意:事实上,所有美味的食物都会这样做,但糖有一种特别强的力量。delicious,美味的,形容词,根据空格后 foods,食物,名词,形容词修饰名词,应用delicious,故答案为 delicious。4句意:这就是为什么医生总是告诉我们早期人类的食物很少,always,总是,副词,根据空格后 advise,建议,动词,副词修饰动词,应用always,故答案为 always。5句意:所以我们的身体学会了以脂肪的形式储存大量的糖。body,身体,名词,根据空格前 o
6、ur,我们的,后加名词的复数形式,应用 bodies,故答案为 bodies。6句意:我们为没有食物的时候储存能量。save,节省,动词,分析句子结构可知此处缺少谓语动词,又因空格后 was,可知时态为一般过去时,此处应用save 过去式,故答案为 saved。7句意:所以现在它可能正在损害我们的健康。health,健康,名词,根据空格前our,形容词性物主代词修饰名词,此处应填 health,名词形式,故答案为 health。8句意:它是某种更少的糖。little,少的,比较级,less,更少的,故答案为 less。9句意:虽然我们的食物看起来更好,但经常添加大量的糖。meal,餐,名词,根
7、据空格前 our,我们的,后加名词复数,应用 meals,故答案为 meals。10句意:为了解决这个问题,我们应该多锻炼,每周至少两次。twice,两次,副词,故答案为 twice。根据短文内容和所给中文提示,用单词的正确形式完成以下短文。Chen Gang is a professor from China University of Geosciences.His son,Chen Lihao,is a university11(学生).They reached the top of Mount Qomolangma,the worlds highest peak,on12(四月)30t
8、h,2022.During their journey,they did scientific research and13(收集)ice,snow,plants and pieces of rocks.They were honoured as14(英雄)after they returned.Chen Gang likes15(爬)mountains.He has been to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau many timesover the past16(九)years.Although he meets lots of difficulties,he17(从不
9、)thinks ofgiving up.He nicely connects his hobby with his career.As for his18(勇敢的)son Chen Lihao,he is anational first-class mountaineer.He always19(训练)hard and gets ready for more challenges.Thefather and son20(两者都)show great courage and abilities.They closely combine their personalfutures with nat
10、ional needs.【答案】11student;12April;13collected;14heroes;15climbing;16nine;17never;18brave;19trains;20Both【知识点】单词拼写;日常生活类;故事阅读类;记叙文【解析】【分析】文章大意:本文主要讲述了陈刚和他的儿子登上珠穆朗玛峰的故事,体现了他们的爱好和坚持不懈的精神。【点评】考查单词拼写填空,注意根据所给词义和句子结构确定词性和词形。11句意:他的儿子,陈李昊,是一名大学生。根据所给汉语提示可知,学生,student,可数名词。结合不定冠词 a 可知用名词单数,故填 student。12句意:2
11、022 年 4 月 30 日,他们登上了世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰。根据所给汉语提示可知,四月,April,专有名词,首字母大写,故填 April。13句意:在旅途中,他们做了科学研究,收集了冰、雪、植物和岩石。根据所给汉语提示可知,收集,collect,动词。结合 did 可知此处用一般过去时,故填 collected。14句意:他们回来后被尊为英雄。根据所给汉语提示可知,英雄,hero,可数名词。结合 they 可知这里应用复数 heroes,故填 heroes。15句意:陈刚喜欢爬山。根据所给汉语提示可知,爬,climb,动词。根据 like doing sth,喜欢做某事,固定搭配。此处应填
12、动词过去式,故填climbing。16句意:在过去的 9 年里,他多次来到青藏高原。根据所给汉语提示可知,九,nine,数词。结合 years(年)用基数词,故填 nine。17句意:虽然他遇到了很多困难,但他从来没有想过放弃。根据所给汉语提示可知,从不,never,副词,修饰动词 thinks(认为),故填 never。18句意:至于他勇敢的儿子陈李昊,他是国家一级登山运动员。根据所给汉语提示可知,勇敢的,brave,形容词,修饰名词 son(儿子),故填 brave。19句意:他总是刻苦训练,准备迎接更多的挑战。根据所给汉语提示可知,训练,train,动词。结合 gets 可知此处应用一般
13、现在时,主语 he,第三人称单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填trains.20句意:这对父子都表现出极大的勇气和能力。根据所给汉语提示可知,两者都,both.and.,固定搭配。故填 both。阅读下面短文,然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。London Zoo is one of the top attractions in Britain and it is the worlds21(最古老的)scientificzoo.It was built over 180 years ago.Now it is run by the Zoological Socie
14、ty of London.The zoo can be found in the heart of London.22(虽然)it lies in the middle of the city,the zoo still has a large23(数目)of animals to see,including lions,giraffes,tigers,24(猴子)and so on.In fact,there are 750 different groups,making it one of the largest collections ofanimals in the UK.The zo
15、o is25(分成)into many different areas,such as Lions and Tigers,where you can get veryclose to a family of beautiful but endangered big cats from Asia.These places are great fun to explore and help make itvery26(受欢迎的)with tourists from different parts of the world.Shopping can also be done in the zoo.T
16、here are several places where you can buy food and drink.Gifts27(两者)about the zoo and the city can be bought in many shops.The best way to28(到达)the zoo is to take the underground.As it is in the29(北面)end of Regents Park,it only takes ten minutes to walk30(穿过)the park from Regents Park Underground St
17、ation.【答案】21oldest;22Although/Though;23number;24monkeys;25divided;26popular;27both;28reach;29north/northern;30through/across【知识点】单词拼写;旅游观光类;记叙文【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了伦敦动物园。【点评】考查单词拼写。注意根据所给词义和句子结构确定词性和词形。21句意:伦敦动物园是英国最吸引人的地方之一,也是世界上最古老的科学动物园。所填词修饰名词zoo,是形容词词性,old,形容词,古老的,最高级oldest,最古老的,用在此处符合语境,故填oldest。22句
18、意:虽然它位于市中心,但是这个动物园仍然可以看见大量的动物,包括狮子、长颈鹿、老虎、猴子等。此句是主从复合句,所填词是连词,although/though,连词,虽然,用在此处符合句意,由于位于句首,首字母需要大写,故填 Although/Though。23句意:虽然它位于市中心,但是这个动物园仍然可以看见大量的动物,包括狮子、长颈鹿、老虎、猴子等。number,名词,数量,固定搭配,a large number of,许多、大量,用在此处符合语境,故填number。24句意:虽然它位于市中心,但是这个动物园仍然可以看见大量的动物,包括狮子、长颈鹿、老虎、猴子等。所填词与 lions、gira
19、ffes、tigers 并列,是名词词性,且猴子不止一只,需要用复数,monkey,名词,猴子,复数形式为 monkeys,故填 monkeys。25句意:这个动物园被分成不同的区域,例如狮子、老虎区,在那里你可以非常接近一个来自亚洲的美丽但濒临灭绝的大型猫科动物家庭。divide,动词,分成,divide sth.into,把.分成,此处是把动物园分成不同的区域,即 divide the zoo into many different areas,the zoo 被放到主语的位置山,跟 divide 做谓语,句子用被动语态,即 is divided,故填 divided。26句意:这些地方充
20、满探索的乐趣,深受来自世界各地的游客的欢迎。make it.是 mke+宾语+宾补结构,所填词被 very 修饰,是形容词词性,即形容词做宾补,popular,形容词,受欢迎的,be popular with,受到.的欢迎,popular 用在此处符合句意,故填 popular。27句意:关于动物园和这个城市的礼物都可以在商店中买到。both,连词,两者,常与 and 搭配,构成both.and.,译为.和.都,用在此处符合语境,故填 both。28句意:到达动物园最好的方式是乘地铁。way,名词,方式、方法,固定搭配the way to do sth.,做某事的方法,所填词为动词词性,the
21、 zoo 做宾语,直接放在所填词的后面,可以确定所填词为及物动词,reach,及物动词,到达,reach sp.,用在此处符合语境,故填 reach。29句意:由于它位于摄政公园尽头的北面,从摄政公园地铁站步行穿过公园仅花费十分钟时间。所填词修饰名词 end,表示北面或北面的,north,名词,北面,northern,形容词,北面的,用在此出均符合语法规则及语境,故填 north/northern。30句意:由于它位于摄政公园的北面,从摄政公园地铁站步行穿过公园仅花费十分钟时间。所填词位于动词 walk 后,名词 the park 前,判断是介词词性,表示步行穿过,through,介词,穿过,
22、across,介词,横穿,均可与 walk 搭配,用在此处均符合语境,故填through/across。根据短文内容和所给中文提示,在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。The tradition of tea drinking began in China thousands of years ago.It soon became31(流行的;受欢迎的)because it was healthy and gave people energy.Later,tea was brought to some countries in32(东方的)Asia,such as Japan and K
23、orea.Nowadays,Chinese tea has become a world drink.Some of the worlds tastiest teas33(生长)in China.Oolong tea is one of the best and it has manydifferent kinds.One of them has a light brown34(颜色)and tastes like honey.Another specialkind has a heavier,burnt taste.Perhaps the best way for beginners to
24、enjoy tea is to35(出席;参加)traditional tea artperformances which are held at tea houses and tea farms around the country.Several steps are planned36(细致地;小心地)in each performance.First,heat the pots andtea cups with warm water.Then,put some tea37(叶子)into the teapot.Next,pour hot water from aspecific heig
25、ht.After that,make sure the tea is boiled for a proper time.When the tea is ready,drinkers should38(闻到;嗅)it before taking a sip.Its39(有礼貌的)to finish each cup in three small sips.The performance provides a chance to appreciate this valuable40(礼物;馈赠)from nature.【答案】31popular;32East/eastern;33grow;34co
26、lor/colour;35attend;36carefully;37leaves;38smell;39polite;40gift/present【知识点】单词拼写;社会文化类;说明文【解析】【分析】短文大意:本文主要介绍了中国的茶饮。中国茶已成为世界饮料。在全国各地的茶馆和茶场举行的传统茶艺表演。并讲了饮茶的几个步骤。【点评】考查单词拼写。通读全文,根据句意和汉语提示找到合适的单词。根据语境把单词的词性或词形做必要的变形,同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。31句意:它很快就流行起来,因为它有益健康,给人以能量。流行的;受欢迎的;popular,形容词,在系动词 became 后做表语,符合题意,故答
27、案为 popular。32句意:后来,茶被带到了东亚的一些国家,如日本和韩国。东方的,eastern 形容词修饰名词,east 东方的,East Asia东亚,专有名词。两个词均符合题意,故答案为East/eastern。33句意:世界上一些最美味的茶叶生长在中国。生长,grow,根据主语 teas 复数名词,时态是一般现在时态,谓语用动词原形。故答案为 grow。34句意:其中一种是浅棕色的,吃起来像蜂蜜。颜色color/colour,根据前面的不定冠词 a,可知这里用名词单数形式。故答案为 color/colour。35句意:对于初学者来说,品茶最好的方式可能是参加在全国各地的茶馆和茶场举
28、行的传统茶艺表演。出席;参加,attend,动词。这里是不定式:to+动词原形,故答案为 attend。36句意:每次演出都要精心策划好几个步骤。这里是修饰动词planned,用副词,细致地;小心地,carefully,副词,符合题意,故答案为 carefully。37句意:然后,在茶壶里放一些茶叶。叶子,leaf,可数名词,根据 some,可知这里用复数名词,表示一些叶子,leaf 的复数形式是 leaves。故答案为 leaves。38句意:茶沏好后,饮茶者应该闻一闻再喝。should 应该,情态动词,后跟动词原形,闻到,嗅,smell,动词,故答案为 smell。39句意:每一小口喝完一
29、杯是有礼貌的。Its+形 容词+动词不定式,表示.怎么样。有礼貌的,polite,形容词,故答案为 polite。40句意:演出提供了一个机会来欣赏这个来自大自然的珍贵礼物。礼物;馈赠,gift/present,可数名词,根据 this 这个,可知用单数名词。故答案为gift/present。阅读下面短文,然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。Finland,a small country located in Northern Europe along the Baltic Sea,the Gulf of Bothnia and the Gulf ofFinland,i
30、s a beautiful place to41(参观).Winter is the most popular season in Finland.The42(太阳),disappears for months in thenorthernmost part of the country.People have to wear very heavy43(外套)to keep warm.The whitesnow,bright moon and stars,andif you are44(幸运的)enoughthe colorful Northern Lights.Createthe45(著名的
31、)and surprising light and magical scene.One of the best ways toexperience the scene is to sleep in a46(玻璃)hut,surrounded by nature.You can just stay47(在里面),warm and comfortable,looking at the night sky and waiting.The air quality in Finland is the best in the world according to the data from WHO.As
32、75%of the country iscovered by forests,people can connect with nature48(容易地).Finnish people often enjoy the smallthings in49(日常的)lives,like just sitting quietly by a lake.So if you have the chance to Finland,justtake a deep breath,hike in the forest or simply50(休息)on a smooth rock by the sea.【答案】41v
33、isit;42sun;43coats;44lucky;45famous/well-known;46glass;47inside;48easily;49daily;50rest【知识点】单词拼写;旅游观光类;说明文【解析】【分析】短文大意:本文为我们介绍了美丽的旅游胜地芬兰。【点评】考查单词拼写。通读全文,根据句意和汉语提示把单词在语境中的词性或词形做必要的变形,同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。41句意:芬兰是北欧的一个小国,位于波罗的海、波尼亚湾和芬兰湾沿岸,是一个美丽的旅游胜地。参观,visit;根据 a beautiful place to 可知这里是动词不定式做后置定语,用动词原形。故答案为
34、visit。42句意:在这个国家的最北部,太阳会消失几个月。太阳,sun。世界上独一无二的,前面用定冠词;故答案为 sun。43句意:人们必须穿很厚的外套来保暖。外套,coat,可数名词。根据主语 people,人们,可知这里应该用复数名词。故答案为 coats。44句意:如果你足够幸运的话,还有五颜六色的北极光。be 动词后用形容词做表语,幸运的,lucky,形容词,做表语,故答案为 lucky。45句意:创造出著名和令人惊讶的光和神奇的场景。著名的,famous/well-known,形容词,修饰名词light。故答案为 famous/well-known。46句意:体验这一场景的最佳方式
35、之一就是睡在被大自然包围的玻璃小屋中。玻璃glass,不可数名词,修饰名词 hut 做定语,符合题意。故答案为 glass。47句意:你可以待在室内,温暖舒适,看着夜空,等待。在里面,inside,名词,做 stay 的宾语,符合题意,故答案为 inside。48句意:由于 75%的国土被森林覆盖,人们可以很容易地与大自然联系起来。容易地,easily,副词,修饰动词 connect,符合题意,故答案为 easily。49句意:芬兰人喜欢日常生活中的小事,比如静静地坐在湖边。修饰名词lives,用形容词,日常的,daily,形容词,符合题意。故答案为 daily。50句意:所以如果你有机会去芬
36、兰,深呼吸,在森林里徒步旅行,或者在海边光滑的岩石上休息。这里和动词 take,hike 并列成分,用动词原形。休息,rest,动词,故答案为 visit。根据短文内容和所给中文提示,在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。My heart is filled with love.Recently,Im so51(感激的)for the support of a verydear friend of mine.With his help,I can realize my dream of making a kind act.It52(带来)me morepower in my life.We
37、 live in a small African city.As you know,people are53(贫穷的)and its hard for them to findjobs.Ive been looking forward to opening a54(汤)kitchen for many years.I hope to help the55(当地的)people in need.My friend helps me create a Facebook56(页面)calledSunshine.On it,we usually57(分享)our kind activities wit
38、h our friends.These days,Im makinghearty food while my friend is handing our clothes to the homeless.There are so many people living on the58(街道),which shocks me a lot.We want to59(邀请)more people to join us.The act of love by giving has touched myheart greatly.Sometimes Im tired at the end of the da
39、y,but I60(仍然)love the journey Im on.Becauseof the project,my life becomes so meaningful.I just know what Im doing now may make a difference to some peopleslife.【答案】51thankful/grateful;52brings;53poor;54soup;55local;56page;57share;58street(s);59invite/ask;60still【知识点】社会活动类;记叙文【解析】【分析】短文大意:本文作者讲述了在朋友的
40、帮助下,为非洲贫困的人们募捐提供帮助。【点评】通读全文,理解文章大意,根据汉语意思写出单词,根据相关知识点写出词语的正确形式,再次阅读,核对检查。51句意:最近,我非常感谢一位挚友的支持。这里是在be 动词后做表语,用形容词。感激的thankful/grateful,形容词,符合题意,故答案为grateful。52句意:它给我的生活带来了更多的力量。带来,bring,动词。本文用一般现在时,主语 it 是第三人称单数,后面的谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故答案为brings。53句意:如你所知,人们很穷,很难找到工作。贫穷的,poor,形容词做表语,符合题意,故答案为poor。54句意:多年来我
41、一直盼着开一家施粥所。汤,soup,不可数名词,修饰 kitchen 做定语,符合题意,故答案为 soup。55句意:我希望帮助有需要的当地人。当地的local 形容词,修饰名词 people,符合题意。故答案为 local。56句意:我的朋友帮我创建了一个名为Sunshine 的 Facebook 网站。页面,page,名词作宾语。根据前面的不定冠词 a,可知用单数名词,故答案为page。57句意:在网上,我们通常与我们的朋友分享我们的友好活动。分享,share,动词。句子是一般现在时,主语 we 是复数,谓语动词用动词原形。故答案为share。58句意:有这么多人住在街上,这让我很震惊。街
42、道,street,on the street(s)为介词短语,在街上。故答案为 street(s)。59句意:我们想邀请更多的人加入我们。邀请,invite/ask,这里是动词不定式,to 后用动词原形。故答案为invite/ask。60句意:有时我在一天结束的时候很累,但我仍然喜欢我正在进行的旅程。仍然,still,副词作状语,符合题意。故答案为 still。阅读下面短文,然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)。Nurse CharlieSeveral months ago,I had a car accident and required an operation.My
43、wife Geraldine,told me that for the threedays I was in hospital,our black dog,Charlie,61(躺)at the door waiting for my return.Charlie is62(六)years old.Whenever I go out and cant take him with me,he patiently waits at the63(前面)door for me.Geraldine says that at times he will not leave his place even w
44、hen facing deliciousfood very64(不寻常)for a dog.After I returned home,Charlie must have sensed that there was something different about me.For my65(安全),he did not jump up to greet me,although his moving tail66(清晰)showedthat he was happy to see me.Instead,he waited till I could comfortably67(休息)in bed.
45、Thenhe hesitantly(踌躇地)came close to me and sat at the foot of my bed.As I started to become more mobile,he played with me in a more gentle way.I am now much healthier and68(有时)we go for walks together.Charlie does not69(拉)hard on the lead.Besides,his steps try to suit70(我的).I could not have asked fo
46、r a more careful nurse.【答案】61lay;62six;63front;64unusual/uncommon;65safety;66clearly;67rest/relax;68sometimes;69pull;70mine【知识点】单词拼写;日常生活类;记叙文【解析】【分析】文章大意:本文作者主要介绍了黑狗Charlie 在生活中无微不至的照顾作者的事情。【点评】考查单词拼写。题目要求学生在日常学习中,多积累动词短语,并牢记其含义。做题时要在知道各选项含义的基础上,结合具体语境得出正确答案。61句意:我的妻子杰拉尔丁告诉我,在我住院的三天里,我们的黑狗Charlie 躺
47、在门口等我回来。由上句 Iwas in hospital 可知,此处句子时态是一般过去时,应填lie 的过去式 lay,躺,符合题意,故填:lay。62句意:Charlie 六岁了。由空后名词 years old 可知,应填 six,六,符合题意,故填:six。63句意:他都会耐心地在前门等我。at the front door,在前门,应填 front,前面,符合题意,故填:front。64句意:这对狗来说是很不寻常的。由副词very 可知,应填形容词 unusual/uncommon,不寻常的,符合题意,故填:unusual/uncommon。65句意:为了我的安全,他没有跳起来迎接我,由
48、空前的my 可知,应填名词 safety,安全,符合题意,故填:safety。66句意:尽管他移动的尾巴清楚地表明他很高兴见到我。此处修饰空后动词showed,应填副词 clearly,清晰地,符合题意,故填:clearly。67句意:相反,他一直等到我能舒服地躺在床上休息。由前面情态动词could 可知,此处应填动词原形rest,休息,符合题意,故填:rest。68句意:我现在健康多了,有时我们一起散步。由语境可知,此处应填频度副词sometimes,有时,符合题意,故填:sometimes。69句意:Charlie 没有使出浑身解数。由助动词does 可知,此处应填动词原形 pull,拉,符合题意,故填:pull。70句意:此外,他的步伐也尽量适合我的步伐。由空前动词可知,此处应填mine,我的,名词性物主代词,符合题意,故填:mine。