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1、2021 年西宁市第十四中学高三英语期中考试试卷及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Information on school visits to Kew Gardens Enjoy yourselves in a wonderland of science with over 50,000 living plants and a variety of educational events or amusing activities.Here is e
2、ssential information about planning a school visit to Kew.Educational course prices You can plan a self-led visit or book one of our educational courses.Students will take part in the educational courses in groups of 15.Prices vary according to different situations.EYFS(Early Years Foundation Stage)
3、to Key Stage 4:45-minute course:35/group 90-minute course:70/group Key Stage 5:Half day(one course):80/group Full day(two courses):160/group Teachers and adults:Up to required key stage proportions(比例):Free Adults needed for 1:1 special educational needs support:Free Adults above the required propor
4、tions:11/person The payment will due within 28 calendar days of making the booking.Health and safety Required supervising(监护)adult-student proportions:Key Stage 1:1:5 Key Stage 2:1:8 Key stage 3:1:10 Key Stage 4:1:12 Key Stage 5:1:12 The group sizes should be controlled if you are visiting potential
5、ly busy areas such as the glasshouse and other attractions.The maximum number of students visiting the glasshouses is 15 per group and each group to Kew shops should include no more than 10 students.If there is an emergency,please contact the nearest Kew staff member or call Constabulary on 0208 32
6、3333 for direct and quick support.Please do not call 999.Planning your visit Your tickets and two planning passes will be sent to you upon receipt of your payment.You can complete your risk assessment with the passes,ensure you bring your tickets and the receipt document and show them to the staff m
7、embers at the gate on the day of your visit.Recommended timings The Kew Gardens opens at 10 am.You are recommended to spend at least three to five hours on your visit.The closing time varies throughout the year.But the earliest is 3:30 pm.We have a fixed schedule for educational courses,which is fro
8、m 10:30 am to 2:20 pm.1.How much should a group of 15 Key Stage I students and 4 teachers pay for a 45-minute course?A.35 B.46 C.57 D.81 2.What should one do in an emergency?A.Check the risk assessment.B.Call 999 immediately.C.Ask adults or teachers for help.D.Seek help from the staff member nearby.
9、3.What is the purpose of the text?A.To introduce Kew Gardens.B.To give tips on visiting Kew Gardens.C.To attract potential visitors to Kew Gardens.D.To inform coming activities in Kew Gardens.B British anthropologists(人类学家)Russell Hill and Robert Barton of the University of Durham,after studying the
10、 results of one-on-one boxing,tae kwon do,Greco-Roman wrestling and freestyle wrestling matches at the Olympic Games,conclude that when two competitors are equally matched in fitness and skill,the athlete wearing red is more likely to win.Hill and Barton report that when one competitor is much bette
11、r than the other,colour has no effect on the result.However,when there is only a small difference between them,the effect of colour is enoughtipthe balance.The anthropologists say that the number of times red wins is not simply by chance,but that these results are statistically significant.Joanna Se
12、tchell,a primate(灵长目动物)researcher at the University of Cambridge,has found similar results in nature.She studies the large African monkeys known as mandrills.Mandrills have bright red noses that stand out against their white faces.Setchells work shows that the powerful males the ones who are more su
13、ccessful with females have a brighter red nose than other males.As well as the studies on primates by Setchell,another study shows the effect of red among birds.In an experiment,scientists put red plastic rings on the legs of male zebra finches and this increased the birds success with female zebra
14、finches,Zebra finches already have bright red beaks(鸟喙),so this study suggests that,as with Olympic athletes,an extra flash of red is significant.In fact,researchers from theUniversityofGlasgowsay that the birds brightly coloured beaks are an indicator of health.Jonathan Blount,a biologist,andhis co
15、lleagues think they have found proof that bright red or orange beaks attract females because they mean that the males are healthier.Nothing in nature is simple,however,because in species such as the blue footed booby,a completely different colour seems to give the male birds the same advantage with
16、females.Meanwhile,what about those athletes who win in their events while wearing red?Do their clothes give them an unintentional advantage?Robert Barton accepts that“that is the implication”of their findings.Is it time for sports authorities to consider new regulations on sports clothing?4.Accordin
17、g to their research.Hill and Barton conclude that _.A.the colour of clothing has an effect on most sport events B.red should be the choice of colour for clothing in sports C.red plays a role when competitors are equally capable D.athletes perform better when surrounded by bright red 5.The underlined
18、 word“tip”in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _.A.achieve B.advance C.keep D.change 6.The example of the blue footed booby proves that _.A.male birds use different body parts to draw attention B.red is not the only colour to attract female birds C.blue gives female birds the same advantage D.blu
19、e can indicate how healthy a bird is 7.What can be inferred from the passage?A.The colour red gives male animals the most advantage.B.Male zebra finches prefer to have red plastic rings on their legs.C.Rules on sports clothing are going to be changed.D.Athletes wearing red may have an advantage over
20、 their opponents.C Long time no see.is a very interesting sentence.When I first read this sentence from an American friends e-mail,I laughed.I thought it was a perfect example of Chinglish.Obviously,it is a word-by-word literal translation of the Chinese greeting with wrong English grammar and struc
21、ture!Later on,my friend told me that it is a standard American greeting.I was too surprised to believe her.Her words were unbelievable at all.So I did research onG.To my surprise,there are over 60 thousand web pages containing Long time no see.Though it is sort of informal,it is part of the language
22、 that Americans use daily.Interestingly,if you type this phrase in Microsoft Word,the software will tell you that the grammar needs to be corrected.Nobody knows the origin of this Chinglish sentence.Some people believe that it came from Charlie Chans movies.In the 1930s,Hollywood moviemakers success
23、fully created a worldwide famous Chinese detective named Charlie Chan on wide screens.Detective Chan liked to teach Americans some Chinese wisdom by quoting Confucius.Long time no see.was his symbol.Soon after Charlie Chan,Long time no see.became a popular expression in America thanks to the popular
24、ity of these movies.Some scholars compare America to a hugemelting pot.All kinds of cultures are mixed in the pot together,and they change the colour and taste of each other.Language is usually the first thing to be influenced in the mixed pot.You can have some examples from other countries such as
25、pizza from Italian,sushi from Japanese,and dj vu from French etc.There is a long list!Since Americans admire Chinese culture more and more nowadays,I believe more Chinese words will become American English in the future.In this way,the Americans melting pot keeps adding richness and flavour.8.What d
26、id the writer himself feel surprised at?A.The Chinglish expression Long time no see.B.So many literal translations of the expressions used in America.C.Long time no see.is used as a standard American English greeting.D.Finding out Americans use the expression every day.9.What do the underlined words
27、 melting pot in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Confuciuss words.B.Culture mixture.C.A kind of cooked dish.D.American changing cultures.10.According to the passage,what can be inferred?A.Detectives translated the phrase Long time no see.B.Cultures cannot be changed in the huge melting pot.C.The huge mel
28、ting pot greatly affects all kinds of languages.D.Hollywood made Long time no see.popular.11.What is the main idea of the passage?A.Some Chinese expressions are introduced into English.B.Youll not be surprised at a tofu and peanut butter hamburger in a restaurant in America.C.Some American expressio
29、ns can be used in China.D.American English keeps being enriched by different cultures.D Who is a genius?This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.Lets state clearly:Einstein was a genius.His face is almost the international symbol for genius.But we want to go beyond one man and ex
30、plore the nature of genius itself.Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us?And who are they?In the sciences and arts,those praised as geniuses were most often white men,of European origin.Perhaps this is not a surprise.Its said that history is written b
31、y the victors,and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club.When contributions were made by geniuses outside the clubwomen,or people of a different color1 or beliefthey were unacknowledged and rejected by others.A study recently published bySciencefound that as young as age si
32、x,girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are“really,really smart.”Even worse,the study found thatgirls act on that belief:Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are“really,really smart.”Can our planet afford to have any great thinker
33、s become discouraged and give up?It doesnt take a genius to know the answer:ly not.Heres the good news.In a wired world with constant global communication,were all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.And the more we look,the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender,ra
34、ce,and class do not determine the appearance of genius.As a writer says,future geniuses come from those with“intelligence,creativity,perseverance(毅力),and simple good fortune,who are able to change the world.”12.What does the author think of victors standards for joining the genius club?A.Theyre unfa
35、ir.B.Theyre conservative.C.Theyre objective.D.Theyre strict.13.What can we infer about girls from the study inScience?A.They think themselves smart.B.They look up to great thinkers.C.They see gender differences earlier than boys.D.They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs 14.Why are more ge
36、niuses known to the public?A.Improved global communication.B.Less discrimination against women.C.Acceptance of victors concepts.D.Changes in peoples social positions.15.What is the best title for the text?A.Geniuses Think Alike B.Genius Takes Many Forms C.Genius and Intelligence D.Genius and Luck 第二
37、节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Most people dont change.They just become morethe way they already are.While there are exceptions,most people find change difficult for several reasons._16_Few people have an accurate view of who they are and therefore dont recognize
38、the aspects of themselves that need improvement.Most people want to believe theyre well-balanced and even outstanding in many ways._17_ Then there is the human tendency to explain ones difficulties,short-comings and failures by blaming somebody else.You may find many people around you blame their po
39、or performance on others._18_ You will probably never hear anyone tell you,“I got fired because I was doing a terrible job.”Few people are willing to accept that their own character traits(弱点)and choices are the main causes of the kind of lifethey lead.Finally,most people find it too challenging to
40、change as it involves a lot of hard work and difficult choices.Even when you have learned enough about your true nature,you then need to do something about it._19_Meanwhile,the reality can be really discouraging:you do much hard work but the results are never the sort of ideal change youre looking f
41、or.No matter how difficult it is,you still need to find your own way to change._20_Real change begins with the recognition of these ways in which you have remained the same and made the same unfortunate choices your entire life.A.And you need to do that over and over again.B.However,you have little
42、choice but to change.C.They dont know themselves very well,to begin with.D.They all want to think of themselves as special and gifted.E.At first,they dont think change can bring about encouraging results.F.You can review the past and make a list of the ways in which you havent changed.G.They are lik
43、ely to paint themselves as victims but never recognize their own problems.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 完形填空(共 20 小题，每小题 21.5 分，满分 30 分)There are all kinds of enemies,and one of the arts of living is to learn to tell them apart.There is
44、 a kind of enemy who_21_meant to be an enemy at all.Hes not mad at you;hes mad at the world,and you are wandering around on his lonely battlefield and_22_lines of fire.Let me tell you about one of them.Years ago,I_23_my two girls from South America and put them in school.They talked a_24_language th
45、at was neither English nor Spanish,and their_25_gave them a hard time,especially Lolla.Pat and Peggy came home_26_almost every day,so I decided to cheer them up by_27_a party.Their tears dried_28_.Right away they got_29_and offered many ideas.However,when I_30_which friends to invite,the tears start
46、ed again.They said they had nothing but_31_.Then I had one of my rare_32_.“Lets invite all your enemies and well fill them up with ice cream and cake.”Little Pat and Peggy_33_knowing looks.The party was a(n)_34_,and the best time was had by the_35_enemy,Lolla,who rolled on the floor and screamed wit
47、h_36_.Pat and Peggy never came home crying from school anymore.One day Lollas father_37_and said,“I came to thank you for asking my little girl to the party._38_ever did it before.”His_39_left me deep in thought.Are the Lollas left out because they are enemies,or do they become enemies because they
48、are left out?Love your enemies and do good to them,because_40_,it works!22.A.only B.ever C.still D.never 23.A.jumping at B.getting into C.comparing with D.running after 24.A.adopted B.examined C.adored D.prevented 25.A.formal B.beautiful C.strange D.modern 26.A.classmates B.tutors C.doctors D.neighb
49、ors 27.A.sleeping B.crying C.quarreling D.playing 28.A.attending B.requiring C.throwing D.supporting 29.A.magically B.hardly C.frequently D.casually 30.A.pretty B.grateful C.cautious D.creative 31.A.recalled B.mentioned C.recommended D.controlled 32.A.guests B.thoughts C.enemies D.thanks 33.A.illnes
50、ses B.inspirations C.excuses D.opportunities 34.A.exchanged B.combined C.discovered D.improved 35.A.explanation B.business C.attempt D.success 36.A.furthest B.slowest C.biggest D.newest 37.A.terror B.pride C.surprise D.delight 38.A.dropped in B.showed off C.gave up D.set out 39.A.Somebody B.Anybody