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1、2021 届东莞市大朗启明学校高三英语第三次联考试卷及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Its the time of year when we start hiking.As you pack,remember to bring your smartphone.Whether youre going on a short walk or a long trip,there are a handful of apps that can help.Map
2、MyHike This app tracks where youre hiking so you have a mapof your route at the end of the hike.It can also track other fitness information like the distance traveled,speed,pace,and even calories burned.You can save the data for your hike,so you can always access the route you look as well as track
3、improvements to your workout.GaiaGPS You dont always have cellphone service when hiking,but you always want to know where you are.The GaiaGPS app provides that information.Download maps of different parts of the world,and access the GaiaGPS app in the middle of even the most remote trails.The GPS fu
4、nction makes using the maps simple,and the app will also point to areas of interest.Backpacking Checklist One of the worst things is being way out on a trail only to discover you left behind something important.Thats why checklists are the best.This checklist app helps you build a customized(定制的)lis
5、t of things to take with you.Organize different lists based on trail lengths or requirements.Track all your essential items by weight and where you can find them.WildObs Using WildObs,you can record your observations of plants and animals and add them to the database.You can ask the community to hel
6、p you identify something and keep track of everything youve met,and most importantly,you can become a citizen scientist.By recording what youve seen with this app,youre helping scientists keep track of whats happening to the natural world.1.What can you do with MapMyHike?A.Record your walking speed.
7、B.Design a suitable hiking route.C.Locate popular tourist attractions.D.Store the data of your daily activities.2.What is WildObs intended to do?A.To provide survival skills.B.To lead the way.C.To identify wildlife.D.To help make preparations.3.Which app is most useful before hiking?A.GaiaGPS.B.MapM
8、yHike.C.WildObs.D.Backpacking Checklist.B Some years ago a young man applied to a large United States optical firm for a job as a lens designer.He apologized for lack of training,but on announcing that he owned two copies of the classic Conradys Applied Optics and Optical Design,one for his office a
9、nd a second for his bedside table,he was hired on the spot.Perhaps the story will be repeated some day with Buchdahls Introduction to Hamiltonian Optics as a similar certificate of qualification.Hamiltonian theory describes with powerful generality the overall properties of optical systems considere
10、d as black boxes,although it does not describe the detailed structure needed to construct the systems and achieve these properties.Buchdahls book is therefore on the subject of geometrical optics,but it is not about how to design lenses.It is,however a compact comprehensive account of the fundamenta
11、ls of the theory written with the lens designers needs very much in mind.Every lens designer worth his salt has at some time in his career attempted to apply the broad concepts of Hamiltonian optics to the solutions of practical problems.Success has been sufficiently rare that the theory,as such,has
12、 made little direct contribution to techniques for optical instrument design.The failures have been frustrating because of the obvious fundamental power of the theory and because of its conceptual elegance.The indirect effects have been large,however,both in contributing to an understanding of funda
13、mental principles that govern the overall behavior of optical systems and in pointing the way to other,more practical,theoretical approaches.Buchdahl approaches the subject not only as a capable mathematical physicist,but as one who with a knowledge of practical optics has made a significant contrib
14、ution to geometrical optical theory.Buchdahls approach has,over the last decade,had a major impact on modern lens design with computers.Thus,he brings to this exposition of Hamiltonian optics a familiarity with practical optics not usually found in authors on this subject.The author claims his book
15、to be non-mathematical,and indeed it might be so viewed by a professional mathematician.From the point of view of many physicists and engineers,it will appear to be quite mathematical.Moreover,this is a tightly written book.The subject matter is developed with precision,and the author expects the re
16、ader,at very point,to be master of the preceding exposition.4.Hamiltonian theory met with failures as a result of _.A.newer finding related to the wave particle nature of light B.very complicated concepts too difficult to understand by most lens designers C.too much mathematical detail in the theory
17、 D.not enough practical information offered by the theory to allow for use by lens crafters 5.The author of this passage implies that Introduction to Hamiltonian Optics is necessary to _.A.the students who are major in mathematical geometry B.those who want to grasp the basic principles of optical s
18、ystems C.the lens designers who look for instructions on practical designs D.those who are interested in physics 6.The article points out that the great benefits of Hamiltonian optics have been found is _.A.indirect ways of learning mathematics B.a fundamental power within the theory C.the conceptua
19、l elegance of the theory D.the practical applications of the theory in finding new approaches to old problems 7.This passage is probably excerpted from _.A.a review of a book B.a chemistry textbook C.an opticians essay D.a general science text C Yu Chenrui,29,is a maker of automata(机关人偶)in Chengdu,S
20、ichuan province.Automata are built to look like humans or animals and give the illusion(错觉)of being able to move ontheir own,“The art form amazes me,because it combines various skills,from storytelling to mechanics,and the pieces are built with a sense of humor,”Yu says.His creations have caught the
21、 attention of well-known artists and his fancy pieces of art have attracted collectors worldwide.Interested in handcrafts as a boy,Yu first encountered automata designed by Japanese artist Kazuaki at an exhibition in 2015 when he studied at the Communication University of China in Beijing.“It was li
22、ke meeting a like-minded friend,”Yu says,recalling the moment.As an art and design major,he began to learn the craft by himself and,with the support of his tutor,he kept studying and examining automata in school.When he graduated in 2016,Yu landed a job at an advertising agency in Beijing.He stayed
23、on at the company for three years because,at that time,he was not sure that he could make a living out of his hobby.While working as a designer Yu kept exploring and advancing his skills in wood carving and mechanics.Eventually,despite the jobs good salary,it was not enough to make up for not follow
24、ing his true passion.Finally,in 2018,Yu quit his job and returned to Chengdu to open his automata workshop.To keep himself occupied while running his workshop,he planted blueberries,raspberries and cherries.He watered,weeded and added fertilizer(肥料)every day.“Daily routines helped me calm down and i
25、nspire my creativity,which resulted in an automaton called To Observe the Autumn,”Yu says.Over time,Yus reputation grew and his business flourished(兴旺).Many of Yus creations are built with a dash of wisdom,a sprinkle of humor and are inspired by observations of real life.Yu knows that there are many
26、 more creative ideas waiting to be expressed.“It feels quite good to be fully devoted to automata creation and I am still searching for myself.”8.What can we learn from the first paragraph?A.Yu is equipped with various skills.B.Yu is a person full of sense of humor.C Yu is now gaining recognition wo
27、rldwide.D.Yu is following the latest trend in handcraft.9.Why did Yu quit his job in Beijing?A.He couldnt make a living out of it.B.He wanted to pursue his own dream.C.He missed his family in Chengdu.D.He thought he had a lot experience.10.According to Yu,what contributes to his creativity as an aut
28、omata artist?A.The fruits he grows.B.Success of his business.C.His devotion to the job.D.Observation from daily life.11.Which of the following can best describe Yus story?A.There is no end to learning.B.Great hopes make great man.C.Actions speak louder than words.D.Experience is the mother of wisdom
29、.D Trees are“social creature”that communicate with each other in cooperative ways that hold lessons for humans,too,ecologist Suzanne Simard says.Simard grew up in Canadian forests as a child of loggers before becoming an ecologist.Shes now a professor of forest ecology at theUniversityofBritish Colu
30、mbia.Trees are linked to neighboring trees by a network of fungi below the surface of the earth that resembles the nervous networks in the brain,she explains.In one study,Simard watched as a Douglas fir tree that had been injured by insects appeared to send chemical warning signals to a pine nearby.
31、The pine tree then produced defense enzymes to protect against the insect.“This was a breakthrough,”Simard says.The trees were sharing“information that actually is important to the health of the whole forest.”In addition to warning each other of danger,Simard says that trees have been known to share
32、 nutrients at critical times to keep each other healthy.She says the trees in a forest are often linked to each other via an older tree she calls a“mother”or“hub”tree.“In connecting with all the trees of different ages,the mother trees can actually ease the growth of these young trees,”she says.“The
33、 young trees will link into the network of the old trees and benefit from that huge resource capacity.And the old trees would also pass a little bit of carbon and nutrients and water to the young trees,at crucial times in their lives,that actually help them survive.”The study of trees took on a new
34、resonance for Simard when she suffered from breast cancer.During her treatment,she learned that one of the medicines she relied on was actually obtained from what some trees produce for their own mutual defense.She explains her research on cooperation in the forest,and shares her personal story in t
35、he new bookFinding the Mother Tree:Discovering the Wisdom of theForest.12.How could a Douglas fir tree send chemical warning signals to a pine nearby?A.By an underground network of fungi.B.By the nervous networks in the brain.C.By making cooperation with each other.D.By holding lessons to it as huma
36、n beings.13.According to Simard,what was a breakthrough?A.Simard was-brought up in Canadian forests.B.She became a professor of forest ecology.C.The pine tree produced defense enzymes.D.Vital information was shared among trees.14.What helped Simard understand trees further?A.Her rich knowledge of tr
37、ees.B.Her childhood in the forest.C.Her medicine gained from trees.D.Her research on cooperation.15.In Simards book we may discover the wisdom of the forest except .A.communicating cooperatively B.warning each other of danger C.sharing nutrientsat critical times D.sacrificing mother trees for surviv
38、al 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Your computer,tablet,or smartphone holds a wealth of information.If you know what to look for,you have access to an unlimited number of learning resources.When used correctly,the Internet is a tool that can greatly expand your k
39、nowledge.Enroll in an online language course.Some online educational resources offer basic language classes for free._16_Find a language course that best fits your needs and begin studying to increase your comprehension._17_Online,you can access flashcards and worksheets at little-to-no cost.You can
40、 also interact with other language learners via forums.Use study resources to further strengthen your knowledge of the language,specially if youre struggling in your online course.Listen to foreign music or watch foreign films for practice.You may not be able to travel to your country of choice,but
41、you can listen to native speakers._18_Look up the lyrics of a foreign song beforehand and listen to it several times.With every repetition,youll recognize more words.when watching a foreign movie,try one without subtitles.You may find yourself relying too much on the text instead of the audio.Read b
42、ooks released in the public domain.Every year,new books are available to read for free one their copyright has expired.In most European countries and the United States,books are released into the public domain approximately 70 years after the authors death._19_.Listen to audiobooks.Most books releas
43、ed into the public domain available as a free audiobook.If youd prefer a popular novel,you could purchase an audiobook instead._20_If you work online,you can turn one on and enjoy the storyline while multi-tasking.A.Turn to the Internet for study resources.B.After this point,you can read e-books at
44、no cost.C.You can receive free distance learning at little-to-no cost.D.Audiobooks are a great way to absorb a novel when youre busy.E.Many respected universities offer free online lecture series on a variety of subjects.F.Few activities are as beneficial for language learning as listening to a nati
45、ve speaker.G.Other websites,like universities,offer comprehensive language courses at a low price.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Last July 4th,three police officers went into a supermarket to get something cold to drink.Once inside,the c
46、ops were_21_by a store security guard who asked for_22_with a suspected thief.The woman in question didnt have the look ofan_23_criminal.She was obviously scared,and her cheeks were wet with_24_.The cops looked_25_her bag.“We just saw containers of_26_.Nothing else,”Mike told CBS New York.“Im hungry
47、,”she explained_27_.Being caught,the woman no doubt expected to be taken to jail for the_28_of being hungry while poor._29_the cops had other ideas.“Well_30_for her food,”Sojo told the_31_security guard.The three men had no discussion at all.It went_32_.Instead,each of them_33_out 10 dollars to pay
48、the tab.She would not be arrested today.The woman wept in_34_.Drying her eyes with a kerchief,she_35_,“Thank you,thank you.”She wasnt the only one touched by this act of_36_.“It was a very beautiful,_37_moment,”says Paul,who was at the store.He was so_38_by what hed seen that he posted aphoto on Twi
49、tter for all to see.But attention was_39_what the officers wanted.They were driven by a far more common emotion.As Sojo told CNN,“When you look at someones face and see that they need you and theyre actually hungry,its pretty_40_as a human being to walk away from something like this.”21.A.questioned
50、 B.examined C.approached D.required 22.A.help B.information C.permission D.trouble 23.A.unskilled B.experienced C.intelligent D.active 24.A.paint B.water C.rain D.tears 25.A.outside B.inside C.around D.down 26.A.food B.fruit C.drinks D.sweets 27.A.anxiously B.shamelessly C.fearfully D.angrily 28.A.a