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1、Unit 1单兀易错综合练习(考试时间:120分钟 试卷满分:150分) 注意事项:1 .本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准 考证号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答第I卷时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3 .回答第II卷时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4 .考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力(共30分,略)第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、
2、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIceland is Europes westernmost country,with the worlds most northerly capital city. Reykjavik. Iceland has a population of about 340,000, spreading over more than 100,000 square kilometers. Despite its small size, there are many reasons to visit this amazing country.City of Culture
3、Most visitors1 first destination is Reykjavik, a small and clean city known for its colorful and stylish buildings. The citys downtown area is lined with shops, art galleries,cafes and bookstores. In 2000, Reykjavik was awarded the title of Europe*s City of Culture, thanks to its art museums fbr tru
4、e art lovers.Hot SpringsIceland has a number of hot springs around the island. All are heated naturally by underground volcanic activity. In fact, this energy is turned into electricity, which powers and heats peoples homes and businesses. As a result, Iceland bums very little fossil fuel, such as o
5、il and gas. Iceland has some of the cleanest air in the world. Caves and MonstersIn Iceland, one of the most popular outdoor activities to enjoy is caving. Exploring Icelands special lava caves or ice caves is challenging and requires special clothes and hiking tools. The best-known ice caves are in
6、 Vatnajokull, which, at 8,000 square kilometers, is Europes largest ice cave. Outside the town of Reykjavik, the huge rocks were once believed to be monsters. These are dramatic scenery on a magnificent black-sand beach. The Golden CircleNo trip to leeland would be complete without a visit to the Go
7、lden Circle, which connects Gullfoss, the hot参考答案:1. A2. D3. D【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了冰岛这个神奇的国家为什么值得人们参观。1 .细节理解题。根据 City of Culture 部分最后一句“In 2000,Reykjavik was awarded the title of Europe!s City of Culture, thanks to its art museums for true art lovers.(2000年,雷克雅未克因其面向真正艺术爱好者的艺术 博物馆而被授予欧洲文化之城的称号)”可知,雷克
8、雅未克因为它是典型的艺术博物馆赢得了欧洲文化之城 的称号。故选A项。2 .细节理解题。根据 Hot Springs 部分Iceland has a number of hot springs around the island. All are heated naturally by underground volcanic activity. In fact, this energy is turned into electricity, which powers and heats peoples homes and businesses. As a result, Iceland bum
9、s very little fossil fuel, such as oil and gas. Iceland has some of the cleanest air in the world.(冰岛岛周围有许多温泉。所有这些都是由地下火山活动自然加热的。 事实上,这种能源被转化为电力,为人们的家庭和企业提供动力和热量。因此,冰岛几乎不燃烧石油和 天然气等化石燃料。冰岛拥有世界上最清洁的空气)“可知,冰岛由于火山能源的使用才拥有世界上最清洁 的空气。故选D项。3 .细节理解题。根据 The Golden Circle 部分“The Mid-Atlantic Fault that runs t
10、hrough Iceland is literally pulling the island apart. No place is more obvious than Thingvellir Valley, where the land is actually separating and the stony ground frequently changes.(贯冰岛的大西洋中部断层实际上正在将该岛拉开。没有什么地方 比Thingvellir山谷更明显了,那里的土地实际上是分离的,石头地面经常变化)“可知,大西洋中部断层的 Thingvellir Valley最容易被看见。故选D项。4 .
11、C5. A6. B7. A【导语】本文属于夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲述了作者的父亲用实用的建议和实际行动来表达对作者的爱。4 .细节理解题。根据文中“Fathers have a lot of love to give, but its often supplied through the medium of practical advice(父亲们有很多爱可以给予,但通常是通过实用的建议来给予的。)可知,父亲是通过给 作者提供许多使用的建议来表达他的爱。所以“By offering helpfill advice.(通过提供有用的建议。)符合 题意。故选C项。5 .推理判断题。根据第三段中W
12、hy can、we fathers just say I love you or Its great to see you ? The point is: Thats exactly what we are saying. You just have to translate from the language that is Fatherlish.(为什么 我们的父亲就不说“我爱你”或者”很高兴见到你”?其本质在于:这正是我们所说的。你需要从父亲式的语 言中进行领悟。)可知,父亲们是在间接表达他们的孩子的关心;作者讲述自己17岁的那次旅行,目的 就是为了表达父亲隐藏的爱。所以“To exem
13、plify the unique parental concern?9 (举例说明父母特有的关心) 符合题意。故选A项。6 .推理判断题。根据最后一段Dads long gone now. But after all these years, I realize that had I owned a copy of the Fatherlish-to-English dictionary, Id have understood that the speech my friend and I so casually mocked was simply Dad5s attempt at affec
14、tion.(爸爸去世很多年了。但过了这么多年,我才意识到,如果我有一本父亲式语言的英语字典,我就会明白,我和朋友如此随意地嘲笑的那句话,只不过是父亲想表 达爱意的一种尝试。)可知,作者在文中使用了虚拟语气“had Iowned.I would have done”,可推断出作者 是在表达一种遗憾和后悔情感。所以“I regretted making fun of my fathers speech. (我后悔嘲笑父亲的 话。)符合题意。故选B项。7 .推理判断题。从文中Have you checked the oil in the car?”(你检查过车里的油了吗?); Hello, hope
15、 you are well. (希望你一切安好);Ill hold the ladder while you get the leaves off the roof.”(去取屋顶上的 树叶,我帮你扶着梯子。)等这些语言里,可知父亲对孩子很关心,并且为孩子考虑的很周到。所以 “Caring and considerate.”(关心和体贴。)符合题意。故选A项。8 . C9. BIO. All. B【解析】本文属于说明文。主要讲述消极思想对人的不利影响,以及培养积极思想的方法策略。8 .词句猜测题。根据第二段“Many of us have problems with negative thoug
16、hts playing on the channel of our minds, but if youTe buried in them and believe them, they could be wearing your sense of selResteem.(我们中的 许多人都有消极思想占据我们思维通道的问题,但如果你深陷其中并相信它们,它们可能会wearing你的 自尊)”和后文列举的消极思想的例子“Pm not good enough?/1 dont deserve.?/No one likes me?/Fm a failure? (我不够好吗?我不配吗?没有人喜欢我吗?我是个失
17、败者吗?)”可以感受到这些消极想法让人们对自己 产生了怀疑,降低了人们的自信和自尊,因而可以猜测出划线词wearing在本句中的意思与weakening最 接近,表示“减弱”。故选C。9 .推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句Develop positive self-talk rather than negative self-talk.(发展积极的 自我暗示而不是消极的自我暗示)”以及文章最后四段的内容可推知,积极的自我暗示对我们的心理有益。 故选Bo.推理判断题。根据第三段“Negative thoughts remind you of your bad feelings and they
18、bring your focus on your failures, and they get you nowhere.(消极的想法会让你想起你的坏心情,让你把注意力集中在你的失败 上,而这些想法让你一事无成)”和第四段What can you do? Here are some suggestions(你能做什么?这里有 一些建议)”及后文具体的建议可知,这些建议都是告诉我们如何避免消极思想的,因而可以推知本文鼓励 大家摆脱消极思想。故选A。10 .推理判断题。根据文章第一句Apart from psychological illness, we are all largely respon
19、sible for our own emotional health.(除了心理疾病,我们都对自己的情绪健康负有很大责任)及文章主要说明的是消极思想 和积极思想对人们所产生的影响,可知本文所讲述的与心理健康有关,因而最有可能出现在医学杂志 上。故选B。11 . D13. A14. C15. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了金钱是否影响幸福。研究发现高收入者更有可能体验到专注于自己的积极 情绪,而低收入者更有可能体验到专注于与他人沟通的积极情绪,即一个人获得幸福的方式可能是一个 人在特定环境中生存和应对的产物,无好坏之分。12 .细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句higher earners
20、are more likely to experience positive emotions focused on themselves”(高收入者更有可能体验到专注于自己的积极情绪)可知,挣钱多的人更喜欢关 注自己。故选D项。13 .细节理解题。根据第三段的“From the survey, scientist collected the household income of each person and analyzed how each person experienced the seven emotions that are believed to cause happines
21、s: amusement, admiration, compassion, satisfaction, enthusiasm, love, and pride.”(从调查中,这位科学家收集了 每个人的家 庭收入,并分析了每个人是如何体验到七种被认为会带来幸福的情绪的:娱乐、钦佩、同情、满足、热 情、爱和骄傲)可知,科学家研究7种情感是因为他们与人们的幸福感有关。故选A项。14 .细节理解题。根据第四段的第二句Lower earners were associated with more other-orientedhappiness- related emotions: compassion,
22、 love, and admiration.(收入较低的人更容易产生与他人相关的快乐情绪:同 情、爱和钦佩)可知,收入较低的人们具有感情是敬佩和同情。故选C项。15 .推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句的内容“As to reasons fbr the difference, the researchers suppose that while pride and satisfaction may reflect upper class individuals* desire for independence, increased love and compassion may help lowe
23、r class individuals form more hamionious , interdependent bonds to help deal with their more threatening environments.(至于造成这种差异的原因,研究人员认为,虽然骄傲和满足感可能 反映了上层阶级个人对独立的渴望,但增加爱和同情可能有助于下层阶级个人形成更和谐的关系,相互依 存的纽带有助于应对更具威胁性的环境)可知,挣钱多的人与挣钱少的人用不同的方法获得幸福。故选 B项。16 . G17. F18. B19. A20. E【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种不同风格的可以帮助
24、人们缓解焦虑并专注于当前事物的音乐形式。 人们偏爱某一种音乐,这取决于人们的心理能力和性格。16 . 根据上文“The human mind suffers from a lot of stress and anxiety in daily life. There are many sounds that can help the people to concentrate on current situation or matters.(人类的大脑在日常生活中承受着很多压力和 焦虑。有很多声音可以帮助人们专注于当前的情况或事情。户和下文“The following is the best r
25、elaxing music to improve your concentration.(以下是最好的放松音乐,以提高你的注意力)”可知,上文指出人类有 压力、焦虑时,可以用过一些声音来让人静下心来,专注做事。下文提出有提高注意力的好音乐。由此 可知,音乐可以让人们稳定心态。根据G项“So many people do music therapy to stabilize their minds.(很多 人通过音乐疗法来稳定自己的心态广符合语意。故选G项。17 . 根据上文“Classical music is music played with instruments including o
26、rchestra, sitar, etc.(古典音乐是用管 弦乐队、锡塔琴等乐器演奏的音乐。广可知,本段关键词为Classical music, F项“This music is also related to the soul of religious music .(这种音乐也与宗教音乐的精髓有关。)“可知,This music指代上文的Classical music, 下文“It is best for introverts (内 向的人)as well as fbr the people who want to fbcus on their studies and want t。be
27、quiet.(它最适合内向的人,以及那些想要集中精力学习和想要安静的人。户,此处It依旧指代 Classical music, F项和下文展现了古典音乐的特点,上下文语意一致,F项符合语意。故选F项。18 . 根据下文“Sounds of whispering grass, the hustle of leaves, the humming of birds, sound of the raindrop, a cool breeze, a wind, etc. These sounds greatly affect the ability to do work and provide rela
28、xation to mind and soul.(草地的低语,树叶的喧扰,鸟儿的嗡嗡声,雨滴的声音,一阵凉爽的微风,一阵风,等等。这些声 音会极大地影响人们工作的能力,并让人们的思想和灵魂得到放松。)”可知,下文中描述了自然界的声音 能使人们放松;B项“Nature beat consists of natural sounds.(自然节拍由自然声音组成。户中关键词为 natural sounds,下文是对natural sounds的具体化。B项符合语意。故选B项。19 . 根据上文“Electrical music is also instrumental music, but it is
29、 different from classical. Classical is Sufi music. On the other hand, this music is produced with the help of new digital instruments and devices.(电子音乐 也是器乐,但它不同于古典音乐。古典音乐是苏菲派音乐。另一方面,这种音乐是在新的数字乐器和设 备的帮助下产生的。)”可知,上文阐述了电子音乐的与古典音乐不同之处,A项“This music has no or fewerlyrics.(这首音乐没有歌词或歌词更少)“,以及下文“Mostly, i
30、t is composed of beats or instrumental sounds.(它大多是由节拍或器乐声音组成的。厂可知,this music指代Electrical music,根据句中的fewer lyrics,说明电子音乐和古典音乐的另一个不同之处:电子音乐主要有节拍或器乐声组成,相对来说歌词 很少,甚至没有歌词。下文与A项为顺接关系。上下文衔接顺畅,语义一致。故选A项。20 . 根据上文“These mentioned sounds are those few that help the people to rebuild their concentration.(以上提
31、到的几个声音都能帮助人们重新集中注意力。”可知,此处为对上面各种能助人集中注意力的音乐的总 结;E 项“The selection of music varies from person to person .(音乐的选择因人而异。)”承接上文;下文 “Some introverts like slow and rhythmic music while some like sounds with lyrics (歌词).Hence, it depends on the mental ability and nature of the people.(一些内向的人喜欢慢节奏的音乐,而一些人喜欢有
32、歌词的声音。 因此,这取决于人们的心理能力和性格。)”指出,下文是对E项的音乐选择因人而异的原因分析。故E 项在此段中起到承上启下的作用。故选E项。21 . B22. C23. A24. B25. A26. C27. D28. D29. A30. B31. A32. B33. B34. C35. D【导语】本文是一篇寓言故事。讲述了三位富人面对贫穷所采取的不同的行动,告诉人们“授人以鱼不如授人以渔” 的道理。22 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:三个富人和他们的仆人一起走在路上,来到了一个非常贫穷的村庄。A. standing 站立;B. travelling 长途行走;C. gathering 聚
33、集;D. running 跑步。根据后文“they came to a very poor village”可知,他们来到村庄,所以是长途行走过来。故选B项。23 .考查状语从句连接词。句意:第一个人看不下去这里的贫穷,就把车上所有的黄金和珠宝分给了村 民们。A. unless 除非;B. because 因为;C. so 所以;D. if 如果。根据前文“The first could not stand seeing the poverty”以及后文he took all the gold and jewels from his waggons and shared 3 out among
34、 the villagers”可知,两句之间是因果关系。故选C项。24 .考查代词词义辨析。句意:第一个人看不下去这里的贫穷,就把车上所有的黄金和珠宝分给了村民 们。A. them他们,它们;B. anything任何东西;C.nothing没有什么;D. those那些。根据前文“he took all the gold and jewels from his waggons”可知,他从车上拿出所有的黄金和珠宝,应该是把它们分给村名, 应用them来指代前文的“gold and jewels”。故选A项。25 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意:第二个富人看到了令人担忧的情况,停了一会儿,把他所有的
35、食物和 饮料都给了村民,因为他知道钱对他们没什么用。A. curious好奇的;B.worrying令人担忧的;C. dangerous危险的;D. puzzling使为难的。分析可知空后面的situation指的是前文的“the poverty”,贫困应 该是“令人忧虑的故选B项。26 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:第二个富人看到了令人担忧的情况,停了一会儿,把他所有的食物和饮 料都给了村民,因为他知道钱对他们没什么用。A. the villagers村民;B.his servants他的仆人;C. the others 其他人;D. the rest 其余的。根据前文“shared 3 out
36、 among the villagers”可知,第一个富人是把东西分享给村名,所以第二个富人也是给村名。故选A项。27 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:第二个富人看到了令人担忧的情况,停了一会儿,把他所有的食物和饮料都给了村民,因为他知道钱对他们没什么用。A. interest兴趣;B. concern关心;C. use使用,用处;D.attraction 吸引力。根据前文“The first could not stand seeing the poverty, 2 he took all the gold and jewels from his waggons and shared 3 out
37、among the villagers.”可知,第一个富人给的是钱,而第二个富人给的是食物和饮料,因为他看到钱对他们没用,be of little use to.意为“对于几乎没有用 故选C项。28 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:他确保他们每个人都得到了公平的份额,并有足够的食物维持一段时 间。A. returned 回来;B. gained 获得;Coffered 供应;D. received 接到,收到。根据前文“gave5all his food and drink”可知,富人给村民食物饮料,所以这里是确保他们收到。故选D项。29 .考查动词短语辨析。句意:第三个富人看到这样的贫穷,就加快速
38、度,径直穿过村子,没有停下 来。A. turned back 返回;B. set out 动身;C. showed off 炫耀;D. speeded up 加速。根据后文“went straight through the 9without stopping.”可知,第三个富人没有停下,直接通过,所以应该是加速。故选D项。30 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:第三个富人看到这样的贫穷,就加快速度,径直穿过村子,没有停下 来。A. village 村庄;B. land 陆地;C. field 田;D. road 道路。根据后文“The two other rich men saw this from
39、 a distance and commented with each other 10 the third rich wan lacked sympathy.”可知, 前两个 富人说他缺少同情心,所以第三个富人是直接穿过村庄。故选A项。31 .考查宾语从句连接词。句意:另外两个富人远远地看见了,互相议论说第三个富人缺乏同情心。A. whether是否;B. how多么;C.where哪里;D. when当时。分析可知,空处引导宾语从句,从句句子结构完整,所以应用连接副词,根据句意,可知是表达“第三个富人多么缺乏同情心故选B项。32 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他们自己在那里提供帮助,这是件好
40、事。A. good好的;B. certain肯定 的;C. true确实的,真的;D. strange奇怪的。该空后面的“they themselves”指的是前文的“The two other rich men”。根据前文可知,另外两位富人认为第三位富人缺乏同情心,而他们自己提供帮助当然是好 的。故选A项。33 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而,三天后,他们遇到了第三个富人,他从相反的方向来了。A. welcomed欢迎;B. met遇见;C. accepted收受;D. persuaded劝说。根据该空后面的宾语“the third rich man”和上下文可知,此处应该用met,即三天之
41、后他们遇到了第三位富人。故选B项。34 .考查动词短语辨析。句意:他仍在快速赶路,但他的马车上满载的不是黄金和贵重物品,而是农具 和一袋袋种子。A. except fbr 除了; B. instead of 代替,而非;C. apart fh)m 除了; D. along with 随着。根 据后文的“were full of farming tools”可知,原来装的金子和有价值的东西没有了,取而代之的是农具和种 子,所以应选instead of。故选B项。35 .查动词短语辨析。句意:他仍在快速赶路,但他的马车上满载的不是黄金和贵重物品,而是农具和 一袋袋种子。A. loading 装上;
42、B. treasuring 珍视;C carrying 拿;D. earning 挣得。根据前文“he took all the gold and jewels from his waggons”可知,富人们之前携带的是金子和有价值的东西。故选C项。36 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:他仍在快速赶路,但他的马车上满载的不是黄金和贵重物品,而是农具 和一袋袋种子。A. food食物;B. jewels宝石;C. money金钱;D. seeds种子。and这个并列连词的前面是 “farming tools”,所以此空应该是与农耕有关的词语,据此可知,应选seeds。故选D项。37 . with37.
43、 biggest38. isgiven39. making40. though#although41. ourselves42. which43. based44. it45. endless【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章谈及了什么是幸福,在文章最后告诉我们爱是真正的幸福。36 .考查固定搭配。句意:是物质财富,充满了豪华汽车,梦想的房子和珠宝吗?固定搭配be filled with (充满)。故填with。37 .考查形容词最高级。句意:对于一个离婚的孩子来说,最大的幸福或许是父母能重聚。此处表示“最 大的,the+形容词最高级,故用形容词最高级biggest作定语,修饰名词happiness
44、。故填biggest。38 .考查时态和语态。句意:然后,随着年龄的增长,如果有机会参加聚会,他将充满幸福。If引导条 件状语从句,“主将从现“,从句缺乏谓语,时态用一般现在时表将来,主语he与give之间是被动关系, 用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is given。39 .考查现在分词。句意:在大学期间,好的及格成绩一定会让他高兴,让他在短时间内感到高兴。本 句已有谓语are bound to且无连词,动词make用非谓语形式,空后内容是前文“good passing grades are bound to delight him”产生的自然而然、意料之中的结果,make用现在分词做结果状语。
45、故填making。40 .考查让步状语从句。句意:在某种程度上,虽然我们拥有了大部分我们想要的,但我们仍然不快 乐。用though/although引导让步状语从句,表示尽管故填though/although。41 .考查反身代词。句意:现在,由于我们已经学会适应我们为我们自己制定的新标准,我们发现我们 的时间、耐心和睡眠都变少了,这会导致更多的压力和焦虑。从句主语和从句宾语都指“我们“,从句宾语 用ourselves,意为我们自己。故填ourselves0.考查定语从句关系词。句意:现在,由于我们已经学会适应我们为自己制定的新标准,我们发现我 们的时间、耐心和睡眠都变少了,这会导致更多的压力
46、和焦虑。此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为 前面句子指代的一件事,在从句中作主语,用关系代词which。故填which。42 .考查过去分词。句意:因此,不要愚蠢地得出结论,幸福只是基于物质财富的“东西”。从句已有系动词is且无连词,动词base用非谓语形式,逻辑主语the “things”与动词base是动宾关系,base用过去分词作定语,修饰名词the things”。故填based0.考查代词。句意:潜入爱的海洋,得到一些爱,然后和每个人分享,这可能是一个无尽的幸福供 应。此处指代前文提到的love,用代词it。故填it。43 .考查形容词。句意:潜入爱的海洋,得到一些爱,然后和每个人分
47、享,这可能是一个无尽的幸福供 应。形容词endless (无尽的)作定语,修饰名词supply。故填endless。44 . Possible version :Dear Jackson,Hows everything?! am Li Hua, a student who attended the lecture you delivered last Friday. Tm writing to tell you how much I learned from it and convey my gratitude.Your lecture on “How to build up healthy
48、interpersonal relationship featured solutions to problems students face every day with each other. I learned that maintaining positive relationships requires mutual understanding, respect and trust. I applied this knowledge to resolving a quarrel with my roommate who had ignored me for a week. In yo
49、ur next lecture I am expecting to learn more about being on good terms with family members.Once again, thank you for your enlightening/instructive/helpful lecture, and hopefully I will see you in the near future!Yours sincerely,Li Hua【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Jackson写一封感谢信,感谢他上周为学校做了一场关于“如 何建立良好人际关系”的讲座。【详解】.词汇积累表达:conveyexpress解决:resolve一solve保持; 维持: maintain一keep参力口 : atte