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1、Unit4Exploring Poetry重点词汇1. frozen 4结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的grasp .理解，领会；抓紧：握紧，控制；能力所及W.抓紧；领会，理解2. detects发现,查明，侦察出remote 靖.遥远的；偏僻的；久远的；远亲的3. undergo v/.（underwent, undergone）经历，经受advocateM拥护,支持,提倡.拥护者，支持者;辩护律师4. belief.信仰；看法，信念；相信，信心inner a力.里面的,内部的;内心的，隐藏的5. reward n.奖励，回报：悬赏金奖励，奖赏contradictory必.相互矛盾的；对立.的
2、6. complex必.复杂的，难懂的n.建筑群；复合体；情结interpret以解释，阐释;把理解为,领会；演绎 忧口译7. perceives.注意到，意识到；将理解为，将视为claim n.声明，宣称；所有权；索赔宣称，声称；要求；索取；获得8. sigh n. & 爪叹气，叹息dare炽& M敢于，胆敢；激（某人做某事）9. striking引人注目的；显著的；妩媚动人的，标致的characterize 的特征，以为典型;使具有特点;描述，刻画10. encounter偶然碰到,意外地遇见;遭遇，碰到.相遇,遭遇，冲突. nourish ”.培养，助长;抚养，滋养11. numerou
3、s a力众多的,许多的glorious的.荣耀的,光荣的；壮丽的，辉煌的12. boom”.（贸易和经济活动的）激增，繁荣反迅速发展，激增，繁荣昌盛stability n.稳定（性），稳固（性）13. tolerant。步宽容的,容忍的：能耐的unconstrained 不受约束的，自由的14. vitality n.生命力，活力,热情cast*投射；向投以（视线、笑容等）;投，抛；选派角色.全体演员;投,抛15. owe欠（情）；欠（债）It is said that据说It is reported that.据报道It is thought【hat人们认为It is known that众
4、所周知“t+be+过去分词+ that.可以改写为：“Sb./Sth.+be+过去分词+不定式(1) global warming is due to human activities. 人们相信，全球变暖归因于人类的活动。(2) one third of citizens plan to buy a car.据报道，三分之一的市民打算买车。(3) the air in this city will become much cleaner.人们希望这个城市的空气会变得更干净。句型转换(4)It is said that his son is studying in a foreign coun
5、try now.His son in a foreign country now.【答案】Lit is believed that2.lt is reported lhal3.lt is hoped that4. is said to be studying 随堂练习I .单句语法填空1. Sometimes you yourself are (blame) fbr daily personal mood.2. I cant tolerate (work) with such a selfish man any longer.3. Johnsons father who is a firefi
6、ghter owes to the doctor that he is still alive.4. If a person is heavily debt, he is unable to earn his living, let alone gain independence.5. Tu Youyou is distinguished her great breakthrough.【答案】l.to 4.in 5.forII .完成句子1. You should learn to .(distinguish) 你应该学会明辨是非。2. Many people experience diffi
7、culty in .(debt) 许多人在偿还债务方面遇到困难。3. . that heavy floods struck the South lastweek, .(announce)据宣布，上周严重的洪水袭击了南方，给当地人民造成了巨大的损失。4. 案1 .distinguish between right and wrong2.paying off their debts3.lt is announced, causing great damage to the local peopleI.单句语法填空Her performance was (much) than good.It was
8、 perfect.1. He treats his elder sister as if she (be) a stranger.2. reality, my future goal was to set up my own business.3. We felt angry that she got nothing as a reward her kindness.4. We set about (discuss) when and how we should finish the task.5. We set out(paint) the whole house but finished
9、only the front pail that day.6. Its much wise to set some time to accompany parents or do something more meaningful. 【答案】I.more2.were3.1n 4.for 5.discussing6.to paint7.asiden.完成句子1. ， nothing else matters.只要你身体健康，其他任何事都无关紧要。2. He talked about London .他谈起伦敦就好像他去过那儿似的。3. foreign languages.不止一本书被译成了外语。
10、4. With the help of computers, the goal of human race .在计算机的帮助下，人类的目标将变成现实。【答案】l.As long as you have your health2.as if he had been there3.More than one book has been translated into4.will be turned into a reality魏语法播井Activity 1读文探究阅读教材48页的短文，找出使用了 fo-infinitives, verb-加g and verb-ed forms的句子。(1)作主语
11、：As a result, celebratini the beauty of nature and countrv life became a common 由cmc in Romantic poetry.(2)作表语：The aim of the Romantics was t。break with the ideals of the 18th century.Romantic poets were often not pleased with what was happening in their country and they were not always interested i
12、n ihe imDrovements in science.作宾语：They refused to follow rigid rules.Instead, they advocated woine back to nalure.(4)作主语补足语：Larec factories were being built and Dcople were made to work lone hours.(5)作定语： During ihal lime, England was undergoing a process called industrialization.作状语：Exploring the w
13、orld of emotion and showing the beauty of nature, ihe naelry otlhe Romantic era is one of ihe crealesl treasures in Western lileraiure.Activity 2感悟规律iinfinitives forms指发生在未来的行为；verb-/8forms指正在进行着的行为；verb-ed forms指过去的行 为。(2)总的来说，verb-/力g forms表达主动的意义；verb-ed forms表达被动的意义。(3)仆infinilives forms可以作主语、宾语
14、、表语、定语、补足语或状语;verb-加g forms可以作主语、宾语、 友语、定语、宾语补足语或状语:verb-edforms可以作京语、定陪、补语或状语。Activity 3语法精析非谓语动词综述非谓语动词通常指动词不定式、动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、 状语和补语。见下表：功能 形式、主语宾语表语定语状语补语动词不定式777动词-ing形式7V7V动词-ed形式747V.非谓语动词作主语：动词不定式与动词-ing形式(I)动词不定式和动词-ing形式都可以在句中作主语。不定式作主语时常常用形式主语it代替，不定式置于 句末。如：Collecting
15、 stamps is my hobby.It is my hobby to collect stamps.(2)动词-ing形式有时也用形式主语it代替，动词ing形式置于句末。如：It is no good pretending to know what you do not know.It is no use complaining about everything day by day.1 .非谓语动词作宾语：动词不定式与动词-ing形式在 afford, agree arrange, choose, claim, desire, expect, fail, hope, intend,
16、offer, pretend, promise refuse, wish等动词后，常接动词不定式作宾语。如：Mike offered to help me.Tom promised to go with me.(2)在 advise, admit avoid, consider, deny, enjoy, finish, practise, suggest 等动词以及 burst out, give up. insist on, keep on, put off等短语后，常接动词-ing形式作宾语。如：I considered going to see him in person.Everyo
17、ne burst out laughing.在like, love, begin, start等动词后，既可以接动词不定式作宾语，也可以接动词-ing形式作宾语，但二 者区别不大，常可以交换使用。如：I like singing. = I like to sing.It started raining. = It started to rain.(4)在remember, forget, regret, try, mean等动词后，既可一以接动词不定式作宾语，也可以接动词-ing形式 作宾语，但二者意义不同。如：11 remember seeing him before.我记得曾经见过他。I
18、Remember to tell him about it.记得把这件事告诉他。11 now regret telling the He.我现在后悔说谎了。|l regret to tell you the bad news.我很遗憾告诉你这个坏消息。(5)介词后一般只接动词ing形式作宾语。如：How about coming with us?2 .非谓语动词作表语：动词不定式、动词-ing形式与动词-2形式动词不定式可以在句中用作表语，说明主语所指的内容，动词不定式可以带逻辑主语。如：My purpose is to help them.My hope is for all members
19、 to come together.动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式可以在句中用作表语，说明主语的状态，动词-ing形式还可以表示主语所指 的内容。如:He is very concerned with (he matter.The book was so interesting that he almost forgot the time.This is asking fbr trouble.3 .非谓语动词作定语：动词不定式、动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式动词不定式作定语常表示将要发生的事，动词-ing形式作定语常表示正在发生的事，动词-ed形式作定语 常表示已经发生的事或表示被动意义。
20、如：I have a meeting to attend tomorrow.The boy standing (here is my friend.Jack cleared the fallen leaves on the ground.The studenl dressed in white is my daughter.动词不定式和动词-ing形式作定语时可以有被动形式。如：The house to be built in the square will be a new library.Do you see the house being built over there?4 .非谓语动
21、词作状语：动词不定式、动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式动词不定式作状语可以表示目的或者结果，动词-ing形式和动词-cd形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、伴 随等意义。如：Susan came to see me.She lived to be one hundred.I sat (here waiting for him.Deeply moved, I decided (o follow his example.动词-ing形式具有主动意义，动词-ed形式具有被动意义。如：She was in the kitchen preparing dinner.Compared with you, we
22、still have a long way to go.(3)动词-ing形式作状语可用完成式。如：Having finished the work, they had a good rest.5 .非谓语动词作补语：动词不定式、动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式在expect, forbid, force, order, permit, request, warn等动词后，常接“名词/代词+动词不定式”结构， 动词不定式作补语。如：We can always expect him to help us.He warned us to be careful.(2)在see, hear, noti
23、ce, watch, feel等动词后，可以接不带to的动词不定式作补语，表示动作的整个过程;这些动词也可以接动词-ing形式作补语，表示动作正在进行。如：I saw him cross the street and enter a shop.我看见他穿过马路然后进了一家商店。I saw him crossing the street.、我看见他正在过马路。(3)动词-ed形式作补语常表示被动意义。如：How would you like your hair cut?Wc must get the work finished by 10 oclock.随堂练习I.单句语法填空1. When w
24、e got a call (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke.2. Earth Day (mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.3. (learn) to think critically is an important skill todays children will need fbr the fiiture.4. You dont have to run
25、 fast or for long (see) the benefit.5. I still remember (visit) a friend whod lived here fbr five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time.6. I didnt mean (eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldnt help trying it.【答案1 .saying2.marked3.Learning4
26、.to see5.visiting6.to eatH.语法填空(用所给动词的适当形式填空)On your 46th birthday, Mom gave me the letter 1.(write) by you.In your letter, you said you were looking forward to 2.(see) me fighting for my future bravely and doing well for myself and others.After 3.(read) this letter, I feel quite 4.(shock) at your e
27、xpectation on me.I also feel ashamed for not 5.(perform) well to meet your demand before.I still remember when I was in primary school, I failed 6.(apply) myself to studying. You didnt blame me at alLInstead, you taught me that 7.(study) was the most important object at the moment and encouraged me8
28、.(try) hard.Only when I read your letter did I realize that I behaved so badly al that time and you were so sad 9.(find) I didnt do well fbr myself. 1 can本单元的写作任务是写诗歌评论，抓住诗歌的主题，写出诗歌大意，并说明诗歌中所蕴含的寓意。写 作步骤i般是“三段式”，具体为：第一段：简要介绍诗歌的作者及内容。第二段：详细论述诗歌的主题。第三段：写出启迪与感想。常用表达：(一)开头常用句式Here is a poem titled by., w
29、hich enjoys great popularity among readers.这是写的一首题目是的诗，它深受读者欢迎。(二)主体常用句式8.(try) hard.Only when I read your letter did I realize that I behaved so badly al that time and you were so sad 9.(find) I didnt do well fbr myself. 1 can本单元的写作任务是写诗歌评论，抓住诗歌的主题，写出诗歌大意，并说明诗歌中所蕴含的寓意。写 作步骤i般是“三段式”，具体为：第一段：简要介绍诗歌的作
30、者及内容。第二段：详细论述诗歌的主题。第三段：写出启迪与感想。常用表达：(一)开头常用句式Here is a poem titled by., which enjoys great popularity among readers.这是写的一首题目是的诗，它深受读者欢迎。(二)主体常用句式 Young as we are we come to realize (hat as long as we try, nothing is impossible. 尽管我们年轻，但我们认识到只要我们尝试，一切皆有可能。 She often encourages me to face everything,
31、sadness or happiness. 她常常鼓励我要面对一切，无论是悲伤还是幸福。 Remember, the best love is to love others unconditionally rather than make demands on them.记住，最好的爱存在于对别人的爱胜于对别人的索求之l-.o(三)结尾常用句式1. Im deeply moved by (he above poem reminding us of the importance of trying to seize every chance lo do what we should before
32、 its too late in our life.我被这首诗深深地打动了，它提醒我们及时抓住机遇做好生活中该做的事情的重要性。 2. We should call on people all over the world to change our lifestyles before all hopes have gone. 我们应该号召全世界的人们在希望破灭之前改变我们的生活方式。t help 10.(express) my gratitude.【答案】I.written?.seeing3.reading4.shocked5.having performed/performing6.to
33、apply7.studying8.to try9.to findlO.expressing趣:写鬲也请给唐朝诗人李绅的悯农写一篇诗歌评论，写出这首诗的大意，并说明诗中所蕴含的作者的思想。悯农唐/李绅锄禾日当午，汗滴禾下土。谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦。Sympathy on the FarmersAt noon， farmers are weeding，Down the field, sweat is dropping.Who knows rice on a dish,Every grain is full of moiling?注意：1.结合短诗的内容，适当展开想象：2 .突出短诗的主题，结构完整
34、，语义连贯；3 .词数80左右。第一步审题谋篇【审题】写作要求是写悯农的诗歌评论。写作时应注意下面几点：1 .确定文体：这是一篇记叙文。写作时注意记叙文的写作特点。2 .主体时态：文章应以一般现在时为主。3 .主体人称：由于是解释一首诗歌，所以人称应该以第三人称为主。【谋篇】本文可以分为三个部分：第一部分：诗歌的作者：李绅；时代：唐朝；地位：深受欢迎。第二部分：介绍诗歌所表达的内容。第三部分：诗歌的写作意图及现实意义。第二步遣词造句【核心词汇】1 .一首题 FI 是的诗 a poem titled.2 .受的欢迎 be popular with.在这夏口的正午al noon in summer
35、3 .频繁地reauenlly.掉到土里 fall into the soil4 .美味的 delicious. 来自 come from5 .提醒某人remind sb.of.【连词成句】.这首题目为悯农的诗是李绅写的。Here is a poem by Li Shen and it is titled “Synwathy on Ihe Farmers”.1 .李绅很受中国读者欢迎。Li Shen is popular wilh Chinese readers.2 .夏日正午时刻，外面天气炎热；农民依然在地里除草。It is so hoi outside at this summer noo
36、n time.The fanners arc slill weeding in the fields.3 .他们全身湿透，汗水频繁地掉在庄稼生长的土地上。They arc wet all over and their sweat is frequently falling into the soil.The crops grow there.4 .我认为对今天的年轻代来说，理解这首诗歌并珍惜每粒粮食是很重要的。I think its vety important fbr the young generation today to understand the poem and treasure
37、 every grain. 第三步句式升级.用过去分词作后置定语以及定语从句将句1和句2合成一句话。Here is a poem titled SymDathy on the Fanners by Li Shen who is Dopular with Chinese readers.1 .用as引导的倒装句改写句3。Hol as it is ouiside al (his summer noon lime,he fa门ners are still weeding in the fields.2 .用with的复合结构和where引导的定语从句改写句4。They are wet all ove
38、r with their sweat frequently falling into the soil, where the crops grow.3 .用“it is of+抽象名词+主语从句”结构改写句5。I think its of great importance that the young generation today should understand the poem and treasure every grain.第四步组句成篇用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80词左右的英语短文。.参考范文Here is a poem titled “Sym
39、pathy on the Farmers“ by Li Shen who is popular with Chinese readers.It goes like this： Hot as it is outside at this summer noon time, the farmers are still weeding in the fields.They are wet all over with their sweat frequently falling into the soil, where the crops grow.But who knows exactly all o
40、ur foods the delicious dishes on our table, come from the hard work of the farmers?Li Shen wrote this poem in order to remind people of the importance of the fanners? hard work.I think its of great importance that the young generation today should understand the poem and treasure every grain.fii分层提分
41、题组A基础过关练.单词拼写I am not certain whether I have （领会）what you meant.1. It is the （内心的）beauty of a person that makes us like him.2. The new test machine should enable doctors to the disease early.3. I didnt know whether to her silence as acceptance or refusal.4. Computer programming needs someone with a
42、（符合逻辑的）mind.5. Nowadays life is getting more and difficult than that in the past.6. They were in （持续不断的）communication with people on the earth.7. It is said that a great many famous people are from this （遥远的）village. 【答案】H.单句语法填空1. The museum displays more just the visual delights of art.2. a reward
43、 fbr his help. I gave him a book which was bought from Shanghai.3. Weve kept waiting fbr almost an hour.rm beginning to lose my （patient）.4. We should face the （real） bravely that we dont have enough money fbr the project.5. Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai （reward） with a magnificent view.
44、6. You had better set some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.7. In 1963 the UN set the World Food Programme, one of whose purposes is to relieve the worldwide starvation.答案I .than 2.As 3.patience4.realily5.was rewarded6.aside 7.upHL单句写作1 .她不仅仅是我们的老师，她还是我们的朋友。（more tha
45、n ）.我们着手讨论应该何时以及如何完成这项任务。（set out）2 .现在，我感到越来越不安，仿佛身在异乡。（as if）.只要你坚持练习，你就会发现剪纸并不难。（aslongas）3 .实际上，在农场工作每天赚一美元，他就很开心。（reality）【答案】1 .She is more than our teacher； shes also our fricnd2.Wc set out to discuss when and how wc should finish the task3.I feel more and more uneasy as if I were in a foreig
46、n country now4.You wont find paper cutting difficult as long as you keep practicing it5,In reality, he was just happy working on the farm and earning a dollar a day.单词拼写He is a of a large steel company in our country.1. 4tI wish I didnt have so much work to do, Mshc （叹息）.2. I could not （辨别）her words
47、, but she sounded excited.3. The city is by tall modem buildings in steel and glass.4. It was that the workers in the factory were not given fair payment.5. Without continued learning, graduates will lose their intellectual （活力）.6. Firstly, we should be broad-minded and be of the differences among people.7. All the children were well （培养：抚养）and in good physical condition.【答案】1 .representative 2.sighcd3.distinguish4.charactcrizcd 5.claimcd 6.vitality?.tolerant 8.nourishedH.选词填空be blamed for, be rooted in, familiarize oneself with,