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1、谓语动词考点运用号目标导航谓语动词的形式变化主要有时态、语态、语气和主谓一致。语法填空主要考查形式为给出提示词 动词，主要考查时态、语态和主谓一致(语法一致、意义一致和就近一致)；短文改错主要考查这三种形式的 误用。虚拟语气虽然在语法填空与短文改错中鲜有考查，但在写作中属于高级句式，它的合理运用能给作 文增色添彩，因此在二轮备考中，考生也应加强对这一部分知识的学习。【语法填空考点考法解法】(一)考点练悟(用所给词的适当形式填空)My best friend Kaiya is like me. She 1.(remind) me of myself. In the past, I 2.(be)
2、never confident because of my appearance. People always laughed at my weight, my height, my hairstyle, etc. At that time, I was the shortest student in my class. I started getting depressed. However, someone told me something that I will always remember.It was in March. Surrounded by a group of girl
3、s who 3.(point) at me and laughed at me, I couldnt help crying. The tears rolled down my face like a rushing river. To my surprise, someone lifted my head up and wiped the tears from my eyes.I then knew it was our English teacher, Miss Li. She said, wYou 4.(be) perfect the way you are. You should ne
4、ver change or hate yourself. People 5.(accept) you for who you 6.(be). But if you cannot accept yourself, then how will other people accept you? ” I 7.(inspire) by her words. Over the past few months, I 8.(learn) that no one is perfect and that we all have flaws. Now I have wonderful friends who 9.(
5、love) me for who I am.Now, seeing Kaiya cry, I decide to tell her the same thing Miss Li 10.(tell) me.【答案】1 .reminds 2.was 3.pointed 4.are 5.will accept 6.are 7.was inspired 8.have learned 9.love lO.told(二)快捷技法思考趋向1填谓语动词的时态和语态变化提示词是动词，且空格位于主语之后，分析句子成分后发现句中找不到谓语，则所给动词应该作谓语，此 时要结合语境考虑动词的时态和语态变化。解题规则11
6、.如何确定谓语动词的时态方法(1)通过“时态定义”解决时态问题 准确理解常考时态的定义是做题的根本。 方法(2)通过“标志性时间状语”解决时态问题 在题干中，yesterday, tomorrow, always, in the past few years, so far等都是判断动词时态常用的标志性时间The Argentine-Italian shooting guard played all 16 of his NBA seasons with the Spurs. He was an _4 (importance) part of San Antonios “Big Three” e
7、ra(时代),along 5 Tim Duncan and Tony Parker. Together (hey helped the team win four NBA championships between 2002 and 2014.Of course on (his big day, Ginobili 6 (seat) between Duncan and Parker.“Whenever I think about you, you7(be) unique as a player,“Parker said at the ceremony.Their coach Gregg Pop
8、ovich then8(explain) Ginobilis uniqueness. uThe way the team9 (set) up,we all needed each other,“ he said. If it were not for Manu,there10 (be) no championships.【答案】1.months 2.was considered 3.screamed 4.important 5.with 6.was seated 7.arc 8.cxplaincd 9.was set 10.would beDesignated a City of Desigr
9、Tby UNESCO in 2008, Shenzhen was the first city in China to present _ official strategy around creative development. This led 2 (he sudden and tremendous growth of its up-and-coming industries. So far modern platforms 3 (take)the place of traditional focuses with a wider range of creative enterprise
10、s from smart infrastructural construction to design and robots.Shenzhen 4 (be) a coastal city on the cast bank of the Pearl River Harbor, separated from Hong Kong by a natural river border. It 5 (recognise) as the youngest city of China. Though it 6 (have) a history of 7.000 years, its true developm
11、ent didnt start until 1980 when China 7 (start) its reform and opening policy. With its energy of youth, Shenzhen has developed at an incredible speed. After being designated as the 8 (one) special economic zone in China, what was once a fishing village has 9 (rapid) become an emerging modern city.
12、In the past 30 years, it 10 (change) from a nameless fish town to one of the most prosperous cities in China. Today, Shenzhens speed has gathered international influence.【答案】l.an 2.to 3.have taken 4.is 5.is recognised 6.has 7.started 8.first 9.rapidly lO.has changedOcean pollution (be) serious. It c
13、an 2 (kill) ocean creatures and even harm humans. Ifs vital to fbcus on this issue and find ways to prevent pollution in our waters.Pollution in the oceans severely 3 (harm) sea creatures. For example, ocean animals often mistake pieces of plastic for food. As 4 result, their bellies 5 (fill) with p
14、lastic from bottles, containers and beach toys. This can be deadly to the animals.Ocean pollution 6 (cause)risks to humans, too. Polluted water can result 7 disease among swimmers. Also, people eat fish which might 8 (poison) with harmful chemicals from oil leaks and rubbish insea water.Some people
15、may argue that ocean pollution is not serious, believing that the oceans arc so vast that they can absorb all kinds of pollution. However, the many examples of ocean creatures killed by pollution prove (hem wrong.In 9 (conclude), its clear that ocean pollution is a 10 (challenge)problem. We need to
16、leam more about how to stop it.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.【答案】四These days, women and men 2 (surround) by magazines and websites full of lips on dieting, exercise and fashion. Gone 3 (be) (he days when all men had to think about wearing a nice suit to be smart and handsome. Things 4 (change).Now, a
17、 survey has suggested that 80% of men admit being unhappy about their bodies. The biggest body issues for them arc beer bellies and lack of muscles. Some think this sudden vanity is due to the pressure or influence of models wc 5 (see) on TV and in magazines. People end up 6 a perception of what the
18、 perfect body should look like. But not everybody 7 (want) to put in the effort to have perfect muscles _8 Arnold Schwarzenegger. An opportunistic designer has even 9 (invent) (he muscle-enhancing shirt to make the buyer look more of a hunk(猛男).But Joe Warner, the former editor of Mens Fitness magaz
19、ine, thinks the muscle-enhancing shirt is just a trick. He thinks many people in the country are overweight and should accept that they need to do more exercise regularly. Exercise is always good. But wc mustnt fbrget beauty is only skin-deep. Character is 10 (important) than appearance.1 . 2. 3. 4.
20、 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.【答案】I .both2.are surrounded3.are4.have changed5.see/have seen6.with7.wants8.like9.inventedl0.more important状语，做题时可以通过寻找“标志性时间状语”来判定时态。方法(3)通过“动作先后关系”解决时态问题当句中有两个或两个以上的动词时，它们的发生时间有一定的先后关系。我们可以根据这种先后关系来判 定时态。方法(4)通过“语境暗示”解决时态问题有些题目在时间状语和其他参照物都不明显的情况下，通过正确理解语境即通过题干中的语境暗示，也是 解决时态问题的一条
21、行之有效的方法。方法(5)通过“常用句式”解决时态问题掌握常用句式也是解决时态问题的快速且行之有效的方式，因此平时要积累并熟记一些常用句式。2 .如何确定谓语动词的语态确定谓语动词的语态，需要在弄懂句子基本意思的前提下才能完成。分析语境，弄明白所给动词与其对应 的主语之间的逻辑关系是确定谓语动词语态的关键。如果所给动词的主语是这个动作的执行者，该动词就 用主动语态；如所给动词的主语是这个动词的承受者，该动词就用被动语态。注意：平时多积累、掌握一些动词(短语)的特殊用法，例如belong to不用于进行时和被动语态；date back to/date from常用于一般现在时等。思考趋向2填谓语
22、动词的主谓一致变化除了要考虑谓语动词的时态和语态的变化外，还要考虑主谓一致的变化。I解题规则.可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数；可数名词复数作主语时谓语动词用复数。1 .在定语从句中，关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。2 .非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。但what引导的主语从句表示复数概念时，谓 语动词用复数。3 .就近原则：由either .or neither .nor not only .but (also)等连接并列主语时，谓语动词常与最 近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。4 .就远原则：主语后跟有
23、with, together with, as well as, but, except, along with, rather than 等引起的短语 时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。5 . “every/each +可数名词单数+and + (every/each + )可数名词单数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。6 . more than one或“many a +可数名词单数”结构作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。思考趋向3填谓语动词的虚拟语气变化确定空格处作谓语动词后，除了考虑时态、语态和主谓一致外，还要结合语境考虑动词的虚拟语气变化。解题规则.虚拟语气在非真实条件从句中的用法情况
24、从句谓语动词主句谓语动词与现在事实相反动词的过去式(be的过去式用were)should/would/could/might+动词.虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用原形与过去事实相反had doneshould/would/could/might+have done与将来事实相反动词的过去式、should+动词原形、were to+动词原形should/would/could/might+动词原形在 suggest, order, demand, command, request, require, insist, desire, urge, reconimend 等动词后的宾语从 句中，要用“(s
25、hould+)动词原形”来表示愿望、建议、命令、要求等；由上述动词派生或转化的名词的同位 语从句或表语从句中也要用相应的虚拟形式。(2)在“It i/was+某些形容词/过去分词+that从句”句型中，that从句常用虚拟语气，即谓语动词为“should + 动词原形”。这些形容词有 important, vital, significant, necessary, natural, strange, astonishing, surprising 等。过去分词有 desired, suggested, required, requested, recommended, ordered 等。在
26、“It is (about/high) time+that从句”中，谓语动词常用过去式或“should+动词原形”表示虚拟语气。这 个句型中的should不可省略。(4)在as if/as though引导的从句及wish引导的宾语从句中，与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去式；与 过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用“had+过去分词”；与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用“would/could+动词 原形在would rather后面的宾语从句中，表示与现在或将来事实相反，从句用一般过去时；表示与过去事实 相反，从句用过去完成时。时态At first, Xiao Ming didnt like 1 sc
27、hool and was 1 addicted to computer games.Every time his mother asked him what he was doing2 before going to bed the answer was that he was playing2 computer games.His father had beaten him many times before Xiao Ming went to middle school, so Xiao Ming promised that he would study 1 hard and wouldn
28、t play games.However, Xiao Ming has changed a lot in the past three years.When others ask about him, his mother always answers proudly, “He is doing homework at home.He has been studying fbr several hours.”Xiao Ming will enter9 a good college if he keeps working hard like this.Maybe after 3 years he
29、 will be studying in a famous university.是一般过去时，结构为：谓语动词用动词的一般过去式形式。是过去进行时，结构为：was/were+现在分词。是过去完成时，结构为：had +过去分词。是过去将来时，结构为：would+动词原形。是现在完成时，结构为：has/have+过去分词。是一般现在时，结构为：谓语动词为动词原形或动词的单数第三人称形式。是现在进行时，结构为：am/is/are+现在分词。是现在完成进行时，结构为：have/has been +现在分词。是一般将来时，结构为：will +动词原形。是将来进行时，结构为：will + be+现在分词
30、。单句填空l.A representative who (see) his performance before thought he could replace another star who intended to leave.1.1 t (be) a tradition since the kings in the eighth and ninth centuries stopped trading.2 .Additionally, the kinds of facial make-up(脸谱)(be) the most particular art in Peking opera.1
31、.1 t is said Lu Ban, who lived in the Spring and Autumn Period, (invent) the kite.5 .Especially famous is the wall built in 220-206 BC. Little of that wall (remain).6 .According to the letter, the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (help) to promote “equality for all children in the next gcncration,.7 .The
32、humble man (refuse) an interview invitation after becoming an Internet star and said that he just did what he felt he should.8 .Tea from China, along with her silk and porcelain (瓷器)，began to be known to the world more than a thousand years ago and since then it (be) an important Chinese export.9.1t
33、 (become) separated from Britain and Ireland by 6500 BC.答案】Ihad sccn2has bccn3arc4invcntcd5rcmains6wiH hcip7rcfuscd8has bccn9had become动词的语态Ciao Mings CellphoneXiao Mings cellphone was broken by his father yesterday cvcning.I couldnt get through to him because the cellphone was being repaired then.B
34、efore this, his cellphone had been broken - four times because he was careless.Xiao Ming liked cellphone games so much that he didnt study hard.Cellphones are widely used 1 nowadays.However many of them are being used to play games by tccnagcrs.So far, many questions have been raised by their parcnt
35、s.Should they be used by students?Xiao Mings cellphone will be repaired well soon.Maybe by next Sunday the cellphone will have been brought 1 home and will be being used to play games again.是被动语态的一般过去时，结构为：was/were+过去分词。是被动语态的过去进行时，结构为：was/were+being+过去分词。是被动语态的过去完成时，结构为：hadbeen +过去分词。是被动语态的一般现在时 是被
36、动语态的现在进行时 是被动语态的现在完成时 是带情态动词的被动语态 是被动语态的一般将来时 是被动语态的将来完成时 是被动语态的将来进行时结构为：is/am/are+过去分词。结构为：is/am are + being+过去分词。 结构为：have/has been +过去分词。 结构为：情态动词+ be+过去分词。结构为：wl + bc +过去分词。结构为:will+have been+过去分词。结构为：will+be being+过去分词。1 .掌握独特的时间状语标志题干中如用 always, often, seldom, sometimes, usually 等，用一般现在时。(2)题干
37、中如用 yesterday, last night, a few days ago, the other day 等，用一般过去时。(3)题干中如用tomorrow, next year, in a week等,用一般将来时。(4)题干中如用now, at preseni等，用现在进行时。(5)题干中如用 at that time, then, at six oclock yesterday 等,用过去进行时。(6)题干中如用 at this time tomorrow, from 1 oclock to 3 oclock tomorrow 等，用将来进行时。(7)题干中如用 since, s
38、o far, up to now, in/over/during the last year/past few years 等，用现在完成时。2 .熟记固定句型中的时态be doing.when., when前面的句子常用过去进行时，when后面的句子常用般过去时。(2)It is/has been +时间段+ since.表示“自从以来己”，主句用现在完成时或一般现在时，从句用一般过去时。(3)祈使句+and/or+陈述句，陈述句常用一般将来时。3 .分清主动被动，辨析语态看到主语为物，且动词为及物动词，要想到用被动语态。4 .不及物动词及短语没有被动语态。An accident happe
39、ned on the way home last night and five people were killed.昨晚在回家的路上发生了一起意外事故，死了五个人。A big fire broke out in our school last week.上周我们学校发生了一场大火。5 .被动语态的否定式是在第一个助动词或情态动词后加not,短语动词的被动语态不可漏掉其中的介/副词。 如：Trees should not be planted in summer.夏天不应该种树。The boy was made fun of by his classmales.这个男孩被他的同学取笑了。6 .
40、汉语有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中可用被动结构表示，构成Itis+done.形式。如：It is said/reported that.据说/据报道It is well known that.众所周知It must be pointed out that.必须指出It must be admitted that人们必须承认It is generally considered/supposed/hoped/believed that.人们普遍认为/希望/相信It is generally considered that the key to learning a foreign language
41、 well is nothing but practice. 人们普遍认为学好一门外语的关键就是练习。It is reported that the temperature will decline sharply in one or two days. 据报告，近两日气温将明显下降。6.下面的主动形式常表示被动意义。如：(1 )feel/taste/smell/Iook/sound4-a4/.Junk food tastes delicious but it doesnt contain enough nutrition.垃圾食品吃起来美味但营养不足。Your idea sounds won
42、derful but it isnt practical.你的想法听起来很棒但不切实际。 (2)want/need/require doingThe window wants/needs/requires repairing.这扇窗户需要修理。Your composition still requires polishing to be published.你的文章出版前还需润色。 (3)wash/sell/write/read4-flis6.删 除was7.welcome*wclcomcd8.删除 been主谓一致1 .找准句子中的主语，看主语是单数还是复数。2 .牢记特殊用法的结构，用对谓
43、语动词的数。3 .注意结合时态和语态。1 .语法一致原则I live 1 in Beijing while my girlfriend lives in Shanghai, and we havent seen each other for a long time.To see her every day is my drcam.What I want to do is give up my present job and work in her city.However, all my relatives except my uncle support1 my idea.Someone te
44、lls me that it is not worthwhile (o give up my job, which brings me 1(),()(X) yuan every month.该原则要求谓语动词必须与主语在语法形式上保持致，即主语是单数形式则动词用单数形 式；主语是复数形式则动词用复数形式：根据主语的人称和数，来确定谓语动词的单复数。主语是不定式或动名词，动词用单数。主语是从句，动词一般用单数。主语后面跟有 wilh, together vith except, but as well as, rather than, besides, including 等引起的短语，谓语动词
45、跟这些词前面的主语一致。主语为someone, anyone, everyone等不定代词时，谓语动词往往用单数。定语从句中的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。2 .意义一致原则I have been travelling on a budget for four nionths.Four months is 1 not a short time.Though a large number of people dont，understand me, the majority of people I met on my way are 1 friendly.The old dont1,1 support my crazy behaviour, but the young admire4 me.At first my family were worried about me, but now they have been used to this.表示时间、数量、长度及价格的名词，尽管有时是复数形式，但常被看作是一个整体，谓语动词用单数。 a number of +复数名词”作主语时，谓语