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1、3.-3.-初中英语动词时态归纳总结初中英语动词时态归纳总结对照表对照表初中英语动词时态归纳总结对照表初中英语动词时态归纳总结对照表名名称称用用法法动词形式动词形式(以以 dodo 为例为例)常常 用用 时时 间间 状状 语语in the morning/afternoon/in the morning/afternoon/一一1.1.现在的状态现在的状态般般2.2.经常性或习经常性或习I/We/You/TheyI/We/You/They现现惯性的动作惯性的动作do.do.在在3.3.主语具备的主语具备的He/She/It does.He/She/It does.时时性格或能力性格或能力mor
2、ningmorningeveryeveryday/morning/Sundayday/morning/Sundayon Sundayon Sundayalways usually oftenalways usually oftensometimessometimes一一1.1.过去某时发过去某时发生的动作或存生的动作或存I/We did.I/We did.般般在的状态在的状态You did.You did.过过2.2.过去经常或过去经常或 He/She/It did.He/She/It did.去去反复发生的动反复发生的动They did.They did.时时作作I shall do.I s
3、hall do.Im going to do.Im going to do.一一1.1.将来某时间将来某时间 We/You/They/He/We/You/They/He/要发生的动或要发生的动或She/It will do.She/It will do.般般存在的状态存在的状态We/You/They areWe/You/They are将将2.2.将来经常或将来经常或 goinggoing来来反复发生的反复发生的to do.to do.时时动作动作He/She/It is goingHe/She/It is goingtotodo.do.现现Im doing.Im doing.1.She is
4、 watering the1.She is watering theflowers.flowers.nownow2.Are they working now?2.Are they working now?3.They are listening to3.They are listening tothe teacher.the teacher.1.I will go to my home1.I will go to my hometomorrowtomorrow(morning/afternoon/(morning/afternoon/evening)evening)next year/mont
5、h/weeknext year/month/weektown next week.town next week.2.Ill come to see you2.Ill come to see youevery Sunday.every Sunday.3.Im going to swim3.Im going to swimtomorrow afternoon.tomorrow afternoon.yesterday(morning/afternyesterday(morning/afternoon)oon)last night/Sunday in 1990last night/Sunday in
6、1990two days ago alwaystwo days ago alwaysusually often sometimesusually often sometimes1.I got up at 6:301.I got up at 6:30yesterday.yesterday.2.He always went to2.He always went towork by bus last year.work by bus last year.1.She is twelve.1.She is twelve.2.I get up at 6:30 every2.I get up at 6:30
7、 everyday.day.3.She likes swimming.3.She likes swimming.例例句句He/She/It isHe/She/It is在在现在或当前一现在或当前一段时间内正在段时间内正在doing.doing.进进进行或发生的进行或发生的 We/You/They areWe/You/They are行行动作动作doingdoing时时.过过I/He/She/It wasI/He/She/It wasthis time yesterdaythis time yesterday过去某一时刻过去某一时刻去去doingdoingat ten oclock yester
8、dayat ten oclock yesterday或某一段正在或某一段正在进进.at that timeat that time进行的动作进行的动作行行We/You/They wereWe/You/They were when he came backwhen he came back1.We were reading in1.We were reading inclass this time yesterdayclass this time yesterday2.I was drawing a2.I was drawing apicture when the teacherpicture
9、when the teacher2 2时时doingdoing.came in.came in.1.1.过去发生或过去发生或已经完成的某已经完成的某现现一动作对现在一动作对现在He/She/It hasHe/She/It has1.Ive already posted the1.Ive already posted theletter.letter.already just before neveralready just before never2.We have known each2.We have known each在在造成的影响或造成的影响或done.done.for three
10、yearsfor three yearsother for ten years.other for ten years.完完结果结果We/You/They haveWe/You/They have since 1990since 19903.They lived here since3.They lived here since成成2.2.表示过去已表示过去已donedonethis morningthis morning1997.1997.经开始并持续经开始并持续.时时these daysthese days4.Have you ever been to4.Have you ever bee
11、n to到现在的动作到现在的动作Beijing?Beijing?或状态或状态过过去去过去某一时间过去某一时间完完前已经发后的前已经发后的成成动作或状态动作或状态时时现现现在以前的一现在以前的一在在段时间里一直段时间里一直I/We/You/TheyI/We/You/They完完进行的动作进行的动作,have been doing.have been doing.since nine oclocksince nine oclock成成这个运作可能这个运作可能He/She/It has beenHe/She/It has been for five hoursfor five hours仍在进行仍在
12、进行,也也进进doing.doing.可能继续进行可能继续进行行行下去下去时时by the end ofby the end ofI/We/You/He/SheI/We/You/He/She/It had/It had done.done.when+when+一般过去时一般过去时before+before+一般过去时一般过去时1.I had learned 20001.I had learned 2000words by the end ofwords by the end oflast term.last term.2.When I got out,the bus2.When I got o
13、ut,the bushad already left.had already left.1.I have been skating for1.I have been skating forfive hours.five hours.2.She has been skating2.She has been skatingsince nine oclock.since nine oclock.初中英语时态专项练习初中英语时态专项练习1 1、一般现在时。一般现在时。通常用通常用“usually,often,every day,“usually,often,every day,sometimes”。s
14、ometimes”。一般现在时基本用法介绍一般现在时基本用法介绍3 3一、一般现在时的功能一、一般现在时的功能1.1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：TheThe skysky isisblue.blue.天空是蓝色的。天空是蓝色的。2.2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：如：I I getget upup atat sixsixevery day.every day.我每天六点起床。我每天六点起床。3.3.表示客观现实。如：表示客观现实。如：TheThe earthearth goesgoes aroundaround thethesu
15、n.sun.地球绕着太阳转。地球绕着太阳转。二、一般现在时的构成二、一般现在时的构成:肯定句：肯定句：1).1).主语主语+系动词系动词 be(is,be(is,am,am,areare)+)+名词（形容词，名词（形容词，介词短语）介词短语）2).2).其他主语其他主语+动词原形动词原形+其它其它第三人称单数第三人称单数+动词动词-s+-s+其它其它如：如：I am a boy.I am a boy.我是一个男孩。我是一个男孩。We study English.We study English.我们学习英语。我们学习英语。Mary likesMary likesChinese.Chinese.
16、玛丽喜欢汉语。玛丽喜欢汉语。三、一般现在时的变化三、一般现在时的变化否定句：否定句：1)1)主语主语+be+be（is,am,areis,am,are）+not+not+其它。其它。如：如：He is not a worker.He is not a worker.他不是工人。他不是工人。4 42)2)其他主语+do not(dont)动词原形其他主语+do not(dont)动词原形+其它其它I Idont like breaddont like bread第三人称单数+does not(doesnt)动词原形第三人称单数+does not(doesnt)动词原形+其它其它 He doesn
17、t often play.He doesnt often play.一般疑问句：一般疑问句：1)Be1)Be（Is,AreIs,Are）+主语主语+其它其它?如：如：-Are you a student?-Yes.I am./No,Im-Are you a student?-Yes.I am./No,Imnot.not.2)Do2)Do 其他主语其他主语+动词原形动词原形+其它？其它？Does+Does+第三人称单数第三人称单数+动词原形动词原形+其它其它+？注意：遇注意：遇 I/weI/weyou,myyou,myyour,someyour,someany.any.Does she go t
18、o work by bike?Does she go to work by bike?-Yes,she-Yes,shedoes./No,she doesnt.does./No,she doesnt.Do you often play football?-Yes,I do./No,Do you often play football?-Yes,I do./No,I dont.I dont.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：疑问词疑问词+一般疑问句。一般疑问句。如：如：WhereWhere isis mymybike?bike?How does your father go to work?How does
19、 your father go to work?2 2、现在进行时。、现在进行时。通常用“now/look/listen”.通常用“now/look/listen”.5 51 1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。行的动作。2 2现在进行时的结构：现在进行时的结构：肯定句肯定句：主语主语+be+be（is,am,areis,am,are）+动词现在分动词现在分词词-ing-ingeg:I am(not)doing my homework.eg:I am(no
20、t)doing my homework.You/We/They are(not)reading.You/We/They are(not)reading.He/She/It is(not)eating.He/She/It is(not)eating.否定句：主语否定句：主语+be+be（is,am,areis,am,are）+not+not+动词现在动词现在分词分词-ing-ing一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Is(Are)+Is(Are)+主语主语+动词现在分词动词现在分词-ing-ing？特殊疑问：疑问词特殊疑问：疑问词+be+be+主语主语+动词动词 ing?ing?3.3.动词加动词加 ing
21、ing 的变化规则的变化规则1)1)一般情况下，直接加一般情况下，直接加 inging，如：，如：cook-cookingcook-cooking2)2)以不发音的以不发音的e e结尾，结尾，去去e e加加inging，如：如：make-making,make-making,taste-tastingtaste-tasting3)3)如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写双写末尾的辅音字母，再加末尾的辅音字母，再加 inging，6 6如：如：run-running,run-running,stop-stopping,swimstop-stopping
22、,swimswimmingswimming3 3、一般过去时态一般过去时态一般过去时通常用一般过去时通常用“a moment ago,just now,“a moment ago,just now,yesterday,last”等。yesterday,last”等。1 1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2 2BeBe 动词在一般过去时中的变化：动词在一般过去时中的变化：amam 和
23、和 isis 在一般过去时中变为在一般过去时中变为 waswas。（。（waswasnot=wasnt）not=wasnt）areare 在一般过去时中变为在一般过去时中变为 werewere。（。（werewerenot=werent）not=werent）带有带有 waswas 或或 werewere 的句子，其否定、疑问的变化的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和和 is,am,areis,am,are 一样，即否定句在一样，即否定句在 waswas 或或 werewere 后后加加 notnot，一般疑问句把，一般疑问句把 waswas 或或 werewere 调到句首。调到句首。3.3.行为动
24、词的一般过去时变化行为动词的一般过去时变化肯定句（肯定句（PositivePositive）动词过去式动词过去式否定句否定句(Negative)(Negative)didnt+didnt+动词原形动词原形 I went shopping last night.I went shopping last night.I didnt go shopping last night.I didnt go shopping last night.Did you go shopping last night?Did you go shopping last night?What did you do las
25、t night?What did you do last night?一般疑问句一般疑问句(Yes/No)(Yes/No)Did+Did+动词原形动词原形?特殊疑问句特殊疑问句(wh-)(wh-)What did+What did+动词原形动词原形?4.4.动词过去式的变化：动词过去式的变化：7 7规则动词的变化：规则动词的变化：一般动词一般动词以不发音的以不发音的 e e 结尾结尾辅音字母加辅音字母加 y y 结尾结尾重读闭音节单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母重读闭音节单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母+ed+ed+d+d-y+ied-y+iedplanted,watered,climbedplanted
26、,watered,climbedlikedlikedstudystudystudied,cry-criedstudied,cry-cried双写最后一个字双写最后一个字stopstop stoppedstopped母母+ed+edplan-plannedplan-planned不规则动词的变化：不规则动词的变化：原形原形sweepsweepkeepkeepsleepsleepfeelfeelreadreadputputcutcutletletflyflydrawdrawgrowgrow过去式过去式sweptsweptkeptkeptsleptsleptfeltfeltreadreadputpu
27、tcutcutletletflewflewdrewdrewgrewgrew原形原形teachteachthinkthinkbuybuydrinkdrinkgivegivesingsingbeginbeginringringrunrunsitsitlearnlearn过去式过去式taughttaught thought thought bought bought drank drank gave gave sang sang began beganrangrang ran ran sat sat原形原形havehavedodoeateatis/amis/amarearedrivedrivespe
28、akspeakwritewriterideridehearhear过去式过去式 had had did did ate ate was was were weredrovedrovespokespoke wrote wrote rode rodeheardheardgotgot原形原形gogofindfindsaysaytaketakemeanmeanmeetmeetmakemakeseeseecomecometelltellknowknow过去式过去式wentwentfoundfoundsaidsaidtooktookmeantmeantmetmetmademadesawsawcamecam
29、etoldtoldknewknewlearned/learntlearned/learnt getget5.5.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：疑问词疑问词+did+did+主语主语+动词原形？如：动词原形？如：What What diddid JimJimdo yesterday?do yesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词当主语时：疑问词疑问词+动词过去式？如：动词过去式？如：WhoWhowent to home yesterday?went to home yesterday?4 4、一般将来时、一般将来时概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算
30、、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：8 8tomorrow,tomorrow,nextnext day(week,day(week,month,month,year),soon,year),soon,the day after tomorrowthe day after tomorrow（后天）等。（后天）等。1.1.基本结构：主语基本结构：主语+be(is,am,are)going to+be(is,am,are)going to+动词原形动词原形.主语主语+will+will+动词原形动词原形.2.2.否定句：主语否定句：主语+be+be(
31、is,am,are)+not(is,am,are)+not+going+going toto+动词原形动词原形.主语+will+not(wont)+动词原形主语+will+not(wont)+动词原形.例如：Im going to have a picnic this例如：Im going to have a picnic thisafternoon.Im not going to have a picnicafternoon.Im not going to have a picnicthis afternoon.this afternoon.3.3.一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Is(Are)+I
32、s(Are)+主语主语+going to+going to+动词动词原形原形.+?.+?Will+Will+主语主语+动词原形动词原形+?+?例：例：We are going to go on an outing thisWe are going to go on an outing thisweekend.weekend.Are you going to go on an outing this Are you going to go on an outing thisweekend?weekend?Yes,weYes,we are.are.No,No,we arent.we arent.9
33、 9Will he go to Beijing nextWill he go to Beijing nextweek?week?Yes,heYes,hewill.will.No,he wont.No,he wont.4.4.对划线部分提问。对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般情况，一般将来时的对划一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。线部分有三种情况。1).1).问人。问人。WhoWho 例如：例如：ImIm goinggoing toto NewNew YorkYork soon.soon.Whos going to New York soon.Whos going to New York soon.
34、2).2).问干什么。What do.例如：问干什么。What do.例如：My father is My father isgoing to watch a race with me this afternoon.going to watch a race with me this afternoon.WhatWhat isis youryour fatherfather goinggoing toto dodo withwith youyou thisthisafternoon.afternoon.3).3).问什么时候。问什么时候。When.When.例如：Shes例如：Shes goi
35、nggoing toto gogoto bed at nine.When is she going to bed?to bed at nine.When is she going to bed?5.5.同义句：同义句：be going to=willbe going to=willI am going toI am going togo swimming tomorrowgo swimming tomorrow（明天）（明天）.=I will go.=I will goswimming tomorrow.swimming tomorrow.5.5.过去进行时：过去进行时：肯定句：主语肯定句：主
36、语+助动词助动词 be(was,were)+be(was,were)+动词现在分动词现在分词词-ing+-ing+其它其它1 1 0 0否定句：主语否定句：主语+助动词助动词 be(was,were)+not+be(was,were)+not+动词现动词现在分词在分词-ing+-ing+其它其它一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Was(Were)+Was(Were)+主语主语+动词现在分词动词现在分词-ing+-ing+其它？其它？特殊疑问句：疑问词特殊疑问句：疑问词+was(were)+was(were)+动词现在分词动词现在分词-ing+-ing+其它其它?用法用法:1 1、表示在过去某一时间正在进
37、行的动作，表示在过去某一时间正在进行的动作，往往有往往有表示过去的时间状语表示过去的时间状语 then,at that time,thisthen,at that time,thistime yesterdaytime yesterday 等，或与过去发生的某事同时发等，或与过去发生的某事同时发生的动作（即与生的动作（即与 when,when,whilewhile 引出的时间状语从句引出的时间状语从句连用）。连用）。例：例：They were talking about a film at sixThey were talking about a film at sixyesterday ev
38、ening.yesterday evening.昨晚昨晚 6 6 点他们正在谈论一部点他们正在谈论一部电影。电影。What were you doing at this time lastWhat were you doing at this time lastweek?week?上周的这个时候你在干什么？上周的这个时候你在干什么？When the teacher came in,they wereWhen the teacher came in,they weretalking.talking.老师进来时，他们在讲话。老师进来时，他们在讲话。2 2、表示在过去某一段时间内进行的动作。表示在过
39、去某一段时间内进行的动作。例：例：They were swimming from two to threeThey were swimming from two to three1 1 1 1yesterday afternoon.yesterday afternoon.昨天下午昨天下午 2 2 点到点到 3 3 点他们点他们在游泳。在游泳。SheShe waswas watchingwatching TVTV thethe wholewhole morning.morning.她整个上午在看电视。她整个上午在看电视。3 3、表示过去将要发生的动作。表示过去将要发生的动作。例：例：He sai
40、d he was leaving on Tuesday.He said he was leaving on Tuesday.他说他说他周二动身。他周二动身。Tom said he was going tomorrow.Tom said he was going tomorrow.汤姆汤姆说他明天去。说他明天去。4 4、用过去进行时描写故事背景。用过去进行时描写故事背景。例：例：It was getting dark.The wind was rising.It was getting dark.The wind was rising.天渐渐黑了下来，风势增强了。天渐渐黑了下来，风势增强了。Th
41、e procession was going.He wasThe procession was going.He wasstanding among the crowd looking on.standing among the crowd looking on.队伍在队伍在前进。他站在人群中观看。前进。他站在人群中观看。6.6.现在完成时现在完成时构成：肯定句：主语构成：肯定句：主语+助动词助动词 havehave（hashas）+动词过动词过去分词去分词-ed-ed否定句：主语否定句：主语+助动词助动词 havehave（hashas）+not(havent,hasnt)+动词过去分词+n
42、ot(havent,hasnt)+动词过去分词-ed-ed1 1 2 2一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Have(Has)+Have(Has)+主语主语+动词动词过去分词过去分词-ed+-ed+？特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：疑问词疑问词+have(has)+have(has)+主主语语+动词过去分词动词过去分词-ed+-ed+？用法：用法：1 1、表示说话之前已完成的动作，表示说话之前已完成的动作，而且这个动作的而且这个动作的结果对现在是情况仍有影响。常被结果对现在是情况仍有影响。常被just,already,yetjust,already,yet 等副词修饰。等副词修饰。Mr.Wang has just
43、 come back from America.Mr.Wang has just come back from America.王王先生刚从美国回来。先生刚从美国回来。2 2现在完成时还可用来表示过去发生的动作一直现在完成时还可用来表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，常带有延续到现在，常带有 forfor 或或 sincesince 等表示一段时等表示一段时间的状语。间的状语。如：如：Mr Wang has lived here since 1983.Mr Wang has lived here since 1983.3.3.现在完成时瞬间动词即终止性动词不能与表示现在完成时瞬间动词即终止性动词
44、不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。一段时间的状语连用。常见终止性动词与延续性动词常见终止性动词与延续性动词(或状态动词或状态动词)的的对应关系如下对应关系如下:come/go/arrive/get/reach/move-become/go/arrive/get/reach/move-bein/atin/at1 1 3 3open-beopen-beopenopendie-die-be deadbe deadclose-beclose-beclosedclosedbecomebecome-be-beborrow-borrow-keepkeepputputon-wearon-wearbuy-buy-h
45、avehaveleave-be away(from)leave-be away(from)begin/start-bebegin/start-beononfall asleep-fall asleep-be asleepbe asleepend/finish-beend/finish-beoverovercatch a coldcatch a cold-have a cold-have a coldjoin the army-be in the army,join the army-be in the army,be abe asoldiersoldier1 1 4 4joinjoin the
46、the Party-Party-bebe inin thethe PartyParty,bebe a a PartyPartymembermember例：吉姆买这支已有两年了。例：吉姆买这支已有两年了。Jim bought this pen two years ago.Jim bought this pen two years ago.Jim has had this pen for two years.Jim has had this pen for two years.Jim has had this pen since twoJim has had this pen since twoy
47、ears ago.years ago.Jim has had this pen since 2007Jim has had this pen since 2007It is two years since Jim boughtIt is two years since Jim boughtthis pen.this pen.4.4.在表示“最近几世纪在表示“最近几世纪/年年/月以来”时间月以来”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。in the past few years/months/weeks/daysin the past few years/months/w
48、eeks/days；overover thethe pastpast fewfew years;years;duringduring thethe lastlast threethreemonths;for the last few centuries,throughmonths;for the last few centuries,throughcenturies;throughout historycenturies;throughout history 等等5.5.表示“第几次做某事，”或在表示“第几次做某事，”或在“It“It isis thethe bestbest(worst,mo
49、st interesting)+(worst,most interesting)+名词名词 that”后that”后面跟现在完成时。面跟现在完成时。1 1 5 5例：例：This is my first time that I haveThis is my first time that I havevisited China.visited China.ThisThis isis thethe mostmost interestinginteresting filmfilmI have ever seen.I have ever seen.That is the only book that
50、 he hasThat is the only book that he haswritten.written.6.have/has been to+6.have/has been to+地点地点 意为“曾去过某意为“曾去过某地”，地”，暗含目前已不在该地，暗含目前已不在该地，仅表示当事人的一种仅表示当事人的一种经历而已。经历而已。have/has gone to+have/has gone to+地点地点“到了某地去了”，“到了某地去了”，暗含“已离开原地去了某地”之意，暗含“已离开原地去了某地”之意，但是否到达了但是否到达了某地尚不确定。某地尚不确定。如：如：He has gone to