《高三英语知识点总结主谓一致.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高三英语知识点总结主谓一致.pdf（6页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、高高三三英英语语知知识识点点总总结结：主主谓谓一一致致主谓一致 Subject-Verb Agreement;指”人称”和”数方面的一致关系.如:He is going abroad.They are playing football.可分为:语法一致;内容一致;就近一致.一 语法一致原则:即主语为单数;谓语用单数;主语为复数;谓语也用复数.以下为注意事项:1.单数主语即使后面带有 with;along with;together with;like 象;but 除了;except;besides;as well as;no less than;rather than而不是;including
2、;in addition to 引导的短语;谓语动词仍用单数.如:Air as well as water is matter.空气和水都是物质.No one except two servants was late for the dinner.除了两个仆人外;没有一个人迟来用餐.2.用 and 连接的并列主语;如果主语是同一个人;同一事;同一概念;谓语动词用单数;否则用复数.如:The poet and writer has come.那位诗人兼作家来了.一个人A hammer and a saw are useful tools.锤子和锯都是有用的工具.两样物用 and 连接的成对名词习
3、惯上被看成是一个整体;如:bread and butter 黄油抹面包;knife and fork 刀叉等作主语时;谓语动词用单数.3.不定式短语;动名词短语;或从句作主语时;谓语动词用单数.如:Serving the people is my great happiness.为人民服务是我的幸福.When well go out for an outing has been decided.我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了.4.用连接的并列主语被 each;every 或 no 修饰时;谓语动词用单数.Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming.
4、每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳.No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting.没有老师也没有学生开会缺席.Each man and each woman is asked to help.每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙.5.each of+复数代词;谓语动词用单数.复数代词+each;谓语动词用单数.如:Each of us has something to say.我们每个人都有话要说.6.若主语中有 more than one 或 many a/an;尽管从意义上看是复数;但它的谓语动词仍用单数.但 more+复数名词+than
5、 one 做主语时;谓语动词仍用复数.如:Many a boy likes playing basketball.许多男生都喜欢打篮球.More than one student was late.不只一个学生迟到More persons than one come to help us.不止一个人来帮助我们.7.none 做主语时;谓语动词可用单数;也可用复数;但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数;因而谓语动词要用单数.如:None of us are is perfect.人无完人.None of this worries me.这事一点不使我着急.8.名词如:trousers;scisso
6、rs;clothes;goods;glasses等作主语时;谓语动词必须用复数.如:His cloothes are good.但这些名词前若出现 a pair of;谓语一般用单数.如:A pair of glasses is on the desk.桌上有一副眼镜.9.形复意单名词如:news;以 ics 结尾的学科名称如:physics;mathematics;economics;国名如:the United States;报纸名如:theNew Times;书名如:Arabian Night;以及 The UnitedNations 等作主语时;谓语动词用单数.10.“a+名词+and
7、 a half“;“one and a half+名词”;“the numberof+名词”等作主语时;谓语动词要用单数.如:Only one and a half apples is left on the table.注意:one or two+复数名词作主语;谓语动词用复数形式;如:One or two places have been visited.参观了一两个地点.二 内容一致原则:1.主语中有 all;half;most;the rest 等;以及”分数或百分数+名词”做主语时;谓语动词单复数取决于连用的名词.如:The rest of the bikes are on sale
8、 today.剩下的自行车;今天出售.60%of the apple was eaten by little boy.这个苹果的 60%都被这个小男孩吃了.Most of the apples were rotten.大部分的苹果都是烂的.Most of the apple was eaten by a rat.这个苹果的大部分被老鼠吃了.2.不定数量的词组;如:part of;a lot of;lots of;one of;a numberof;plenty of 等作主语时;谓语动词的单复数取决于量词后面名词的数.如:A part of the textbooks have arrived
9、.一小部分教科书已运到.A part of the apple has been eaten up by the pig.这个苹果的一部分被猪吃光了.3.加减乘除用单数.如:Fifteen minus five is ten.15 减去 5 等于 10.4.表示时间;金钱;距离;度量等的名词做主语时;尽管是复数形式;它们做为一个单一的概念时;其谓语动词用单数.如:Ten miles is a good distance.十英里是一个相当的距离.5.1 通常作复数的集体名词.包括 police;people;cattle 等;这些集体名词通常用作复数.如:The British police h
10、ave only very limitedpowers.2 通常作不可数名词的集体名词.包括 equipment;furniture;clothing;luggage 等.3 可作单数也可作复数的集体名词.包括audience;committee;government;family;enemy;group;party;team;public 等.如:The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.委员会决定解雇他.6.the+形容词/过去分词形式”表示一类人或事物;作主语时;谓语动词用复数.如:The injured were saved after
11、 the fire.三 就近原则1.由 here;there;where 等引导的倒装句中;有时主语不止一个时谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.如:Here comes the bus 公共汽车来了.Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you.给你一支钢笔和几张纸.Where is your wife and children to stay while you are away你不在这儿的时候;你爱人和孩子在哪儿呆呢2.用连词 or;either.or;neither.nor;not only.but also 等连接的并列主语;谓语动词与靠
12、近它的主语在数上一致.如：Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it学生和老师都不知道这事.He or you have taken my pen.他或你拿了我的钢笔.注意:one of+复数名词+who/that/which 引导的定语从句中;定语从句的动词为复数.如：Mary is one of those people who keep pets.玛丽是饲养宠物者之一.The only one of+复数名词+who/that./which 引导的定语从句中;定语从句的动词应为单数.Mary is the only one of those people who keeps pets.玛丽是一个饲养宠物的人.