2022-2023学年山东省德州市夏津一中高三(上)第一次月考英语试卷(附答案详解).docx

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1、20222023学年山东省德州市夏津一中高三(上)第一次月考英语试卷AExercising regularly not only helps you keep slim, but also improves your overall health and well-being.Different exercises produce different results, as they focus on alternate parts of the body.There are four broad exercise categories: endurance, strength, flexib

2、ility, and balance.Many people often only focus on one exercise type, but including all four in your workout will produce better results and reduce your risk of injury.EnduranceEndurance exercises increase your breathing and heart rate.By doing endurance exercises, you are working to keep your heart

3、, lungs, and blood-flow system healthy while improving your total fitness.Over time these activities will make everyday activities seem easier.StrengthIf you want to build up your muscles, then strength exercises, which are also known as resistance training1, are right for you.Even the slightest inc

4、rease in strength can make a huge difference in your ability to carry out daily tasks.Developing strong muscles also reduces your risk of weak bones.FlexibilityFlexibility exercises help stretch your bodys muscles.This allows for more freedom of movement for other exercises and can also improve your

5、 range of motion, posture, ability to breathe deeply, and blood flow.Also, it reduces the muscle tension caused by stress.BalanceBalance exercises help prevent falls and are especially important to older adults, helping them stay independent.Most good balance exercises are ones that keep you constan

6、tly moving with your feet on the ground.Heel-to-toe walking and standing on one foot are simple ways to improve balance.1. How can a person benefit most from their exercise routine? A. By combining different exercise types together.B. By having sufficient rest between their workoutsC. By concentrati

7、ng on one training aspect at a time.D. By increasing the frequency of their training gradually.2. Which exercise types are most useful to improve a persons breathing function? A. Strength and Balance.B. Flexibility and Balance.C. Endurance and Strength.D. Endurance and Flexibility.3. Which part of t

8、he body plays the most important role in balance-related exercises? 运动比赛之一一一铁人三项的唐氏综合症患者克里斯尼克奇。I艮据第二段中的 But he never gave up. He finished the triathlon in 16 hours, 46 minutes and 9 seconds with just 14 minutes to spare before the cut-off time.(但他从未放弃。他以 16 小时 46 分 9 秒的成绩 完成了三项全能比赛,离比赛截止时间只剩14分钟了。)可

9、知,尼克奇没有放弃,坚持到了最后, 也完成了比赛。故选C。2.根据第三段中的 For two years, for na young man with Down syndrome/1 (两年时间里,尼克奇 一直在为这项赛事进行训练,他使用的是他和父亲一起制定的策略,他们称之为每天提高1% 的原则每一天,尼克奇和他的父亲都会努力变得(比前一天)好百分之一。尼克奇的父亲说, 它对一个患有唐氏综合症的年轻人很有效。)可知,这个“每天提高1%的原则”,对于尼克奇这 个唐氏综合症患者的健康很有用,尼克奇每天都有进步。故选B。3,根据第三段中的 For two years, Nikic trained f

10、or the event, using a strategy he developed with his father which they call the 1% better each day principle.(两年时间里,尼克奇一直在为这项赛事进 行训练,他使用的是他和父亲一起制定的策略,他们称之为“每天提高1%的原则”。)可知,为 了赛事,坚持2年天天有进步,尼克奇是个有毅力的人。故选C。4.通读全文,可知,饱受唐氏综合症困苦的尼克奇,本来参加锻炼只是为了锻炼身体,为了目标, 迎难而上,不懈的努力促使他一路都有了梦想。A.(人生有起有落。);B.(结果好,就一切都 好);C.(苦难

11、是最好的训练。);D.(改变永远不嫌晚。)。可知,C项最贴切本文内涵。故 选C。811 .【答案】B、D、D、A【解析】(1) B.词义猜测题。根据第二段中 In a ground-breaking successful experiment, eight captive wolves were released this year into North Carolina, eventually growing into a population over 100, reaching a peak of around 120 wolves in 2012.But illegal hunting

12、 and management changes by the Fish and Wildlife Service resulted in their numbers .(今年,在一次突破性的成功实验中,八只圈养 的狼被释放到北卡罗来纳州,最终数量超过100只,在2012年达到120只左右的峰值。但是非法 捕猎以及鱼类和野生动物管理局对管理的改变导致它们的数量急剧下降。)可知,句中的but说 明语气发生转折,plummeting的意思应该与growing相反,意思是“下降的。A.Promising”有希望 的”;B.Declining”下降的“;C.Multiplying”倍增的”;D.Incr

13、easing”增加的。故选 B。(2) D.推理判断题。根据第三段In the spring,conservationists celebrated a small bit of good news when four captive-born pups were placed into a cave and successfully adopted by a wild red wolf mother.Meanwhile, another four adults were released into the wild.The pups are thought to be still alive

14、 and healthy.But the adults didnt go well.In the months after release, three were struck by cars and killed,and the fourth was fatally shot on private land.(今年春天,环保主义者庆祝了 一个小小的好消息:四只圈养出生的幼崽被放进一个洞穴,成功地被一只野生红狼妈妈收养。与此同时,另外四只成 年企鹅被放归野外。这些幼崽被认为仍然活着,健康。但成年企鹅并不顺利。在释放后的几个月 里,三人被汽车撞死,第四人在私人土地上被枪杀)可知,人类活动仍然对动

15、物构成威胁。由此 可推断被释放的红狼虽然被野生红狼妈妈收养,但仍然需要人类采取必要的措施进行保护。故选 Do(3) D.细节理解题。根据最后一段The Service also recently announced it would withdraw a 2018 proposal to shrink the red wolves1 protected area in North Carolina by 90 percent,after a lawsuit accused the agency of going against the Endangered Species Act.Ron Su

16、therland of the W ildlands Network says its crucial that the agency has abandoned this wrong -headed proposal,And yet the situation now is even more urgent than it was in 2018- this should launch the conservation c ommunity in the U.S.into crisis mode to save this species and bring it back from the

17、extinction.(该机构 最近还宣布,将撤回2018年一项将北卡罗来纳州红狼保护区缩小90%的提案,此前该机构被指控 违反了濒危物种法案。野生动物网络的罗恩萨瑟兰表示,该机构放弃这个错误的提议是至关 重要的。然而,现在的情况比2018年更紧迫,这应该启动美国的保护社区进入危机模式,拯救这 个物种,并使其从灭绝中恢复)可知,该机构将启动美国的保护社区进入危机模式来拯救红狼迫。 故选D。(4) A.主旨大意题。通读全文可知,红狼于1980年在野外灭绝,从1987年,鳄鱼河国家野生动 物保护区开始了对红狼的野外恢复工作,环保主义者也加入了对红狼的保护工作中,该机构启动了美国的保护社区进入危机模

18、式来拯救红 狼。所以文章的重点是围绕如何保护红狼而进行。故选A。本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了红狼在野外的灭绝及鳄鱼河国家野生动物保护区和环保主 义者对红狼的生存恢复所做的努力。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。1215.【答案】B、A、D、C解析(1) B.细节理解题。根据第三段 Companies facing recent labor shortages are increasin

19、gly turning to AI as a way to facilitate and speed up the hiring process.(最近面临劳动力短缺的公司越来 越多地将人工智能作为促进和加快招聘过程的一种方式。)可知,越来越多的公司在招聘时求助 于人工智能是为了促进招聘流程。故选B。(2) A.细节理解题。根据第二段中的 The researchers found that in certain instances,like the screening of applications,participants usually accepted some degree of a

20、utomation.(研究人员发现, 在某些t青况 下,比如筛选应用程序,参与者通常会接受某种程度的自动化。)可知,参与者在筛选求职者时 更喜欢自动化。故选A。(3) D.词句猜测题。根据划线部分上文 But others tended to believe that they had less voice in the final outcome.(但其他人倾向于认为,他们在最终结果中没有多少发言权。)以及下文tends to outweigh the appreciation of Als lack of bias at the interviewing stage (往往超过 了 对人工

21、智能在面试阶段缺 乏偏见的评价。)可推知,划线部分this concern”指代的是上文提到的人们所担忧的事情,即使 用人工智能进行面试时,他们会在最终结果中没有多少发言权,即缺乏人际互动。故选D。(4) C.主旨大意题。通读全文,再结合第一段 If job seekers knew companies were using AI to fill open positions,would it stop them from applying for the job? The answer,according to a recent study,is yes 一 sometimes.(如果求职者

22、知道公司正在使用人工智能填补空缺职位,这会阻止他们申请这份工作 吗?根据最近的一项研究,答案是肯定的-有时是。)可推知,本文主要介绍了使用人工智能求 职可能会阻碍求职者申请职位。故选C。本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了公司正在使用人工智能填补空缺职位,但人工智能可能会阻 碍求职者申请职位。考查社会文化类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文,把握大意,然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。1620.【答案】A、G、D、E、F【解析】(1) A.语境辨析题。However, the hard reality is that only a select few will make it.可知然而,现实很残酷,只有

23、少数人能成为宇航员。A项:But does that mean youll never get the chance to work in space?但这是否意味着你永远没有机会在太空工作?符合语境,故选A。(5) G.理解判断题。根据后文 A spacecraft is of limited size and relatively high temperature, which makes smells stronger inside of it,可知航天器尺寸有限,温度相对较高,这使得其内部的气味更强。 G 项: Using your nose at work might sound a

24、 little strange, but the job is actuallyvery important.在工作中使用你的鼻子听起来可能有点奇怪,但实际上这项工作很重要。符合文意,故选G。(6) D. 联系上文题。 根据前文 Butnow, many private companies are starting to provide space trips 可知但现在,许多私人公司开始提供太空旅行。D项:It may not be long before space becomes one of the top travel destinations for human beings.不久

25、,太空就成为人类最重要的旅游目的地之一。符合文意,故选D。(7) E. 文章衔接题。 根据前文 Being a space tour guide requires rich knowledge of astronomy, astrophysics, geography and history to help passengers get the most out of their journey.可知作为一名 太空导游,需要丰富的天文、天体物理、地理和历史知识,以帮助乘客最大限度地享受他们的旅程。E 项: Tour guides also need to be excellent storyt

26、ellers to help experience the amazement of space travel.导游还必须是优秀的讲故事者,以帮助体验太空旅行的惊奇。符合文意,故选E。(5) F.逻辑推理题。根据后文Things weve seen in the past in movies are now becoming real career opportunities.”可矢口我们过去在 电影中看到的东西现在正成为真正的职业机会。F.Were crossing the boundaries between science fiction and reality.我们正在跨越科幻小说和现

27、实之间的边界,符合文意,故选F。本文是一篇选句填空,文章主要介绍了我们中的许多人在童年时梦想成为宇航员,然而现实很残 酷,只有少数人能成为宇航员。这是否意味着你永远没有机会在太空工作?作者在文中给出了答 案。技巧通读全文,了解文章大意;细读七个选项,找出和文章相对应的关键词,分析选项间的逻辑关系;根据文章整体结构、具体内容,结合关键词,选出最佳选项;将所选答案代入文中,再次通读全文,重点查看逻辑关系和关联结构是否合理。2135.【答案】A、B、A、C、D、A、C、C、B、B、D、C、D、A、B【解析】(1) A.考查动词及语境理解。A.wears穿着;B.guides指导;C.hides隐藏;

28、D.carries 搬运。句意:是指穿着斗篷能在空中飞翔的人吗?根据后文宾语”a cape”可知指穿着斗篷,应用 wear。故选 A。(2) B.考查动词及语境理解。A.signal发信号;B.fly飞;C.notice注意到;D.blow吹气。句意: 是指穿着斗篷能在空中飞翔的人吗?根据后文”in the air”可知指穿着斗篷在空中飞翔。故选B。(3) A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.everyday每天的;B.known已知的;C.familiar熟悉的;D.great 极好的。句意:电影中有超级英雄,我们生活也由普通英雄。根据后文heroes in our lives”可知在 每天的日常

29、生活中也有普通英雄。故选A。(4) C.考查动词及语境理解。A.suggests 建议;B.supposes 认为;C.makes 让,使;D.celebrates 庆祝。句意:但是,是什么让一个人成为英雄呢?根据后文”a person a hero”指是什么让一个人成 为英雄,应用动词make。故选C。(5) D.考查形容词及语境理解。A .energetic精力充沛的;B.silent沉默的;C.fast快速的;D.brave 勇敢的。句意:一般来说,英雄是无私和勇敢的人。根据卜一文In general, a hero is someone selfless and”以及常识,英雄应该是无

30、私和勇敢的人。故选D。(6) A.考查动词及语境理解。A.drive驱使;B.risk冒险;C.make制作;D.lead带领。句意:这 些品质促使英雄们在需要帮助的时候帮助别人,即使他们在糟糕的事情发生时感到害怕。根据后 文heroes to help others in times of need可知无私和勇敢的品质促使英雄们在需要帮助的时候帮助 别人,故选A。(7) C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.tired疲惫的;B.broken破碎的;C.scared害怕的;D.confident 自信的。句意:这些品质促使英雄们在需要帮助的时候帮助别人,即使他们在糟糕的事情发生时 感到害怕。根据上文

31、heroes to help others in times of need, even if they are” 中 even if 表示让步,可 知即使英雄感到害怕,也会去帮助别人。故选C。(8) C.考查介词及语境理解。A.past经过;B.forward向前;C.beyond超过;D.before在 之 前。句意:英雄通常是超越职责要求的人。根据后文”the call of duty”可知能做英雄人往往是那些 做了超出职责要求的人。above and beyond the call of duty”超越职责范围”故选Co(9) B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.different不同的;B

32、.amazing令人惊讶的;C.proper合适的; D.special特别的。句意:他们做的事情都很棒。结合语境,英雄即使是自己害怕,也能去帮助别 人,所以他们做的事情都很棒。故选B。(10) B.考查副词及语境理解。A.fairly相当地;B.probably可能;C.exactly恰好地;D.eagerly 热切地。句意:他们可能是那些被帮助或被模仿或被培养成有这些价值观的人。根据后文”are people that have been helped by or have been modeled or raised to have those as values”此处是种推测,指英 雄

33、可能是那些被帮助或被模仿或被培养成有这些价值观的人。故选Bo(11) D.考查动词及语境理解。A.pushing推;B.putting放置;C.knowing知道;D.doing做。句 意:普通人以他们自己的方式成为英雄,仅仅是通过为他们的家庭和社区尽自己的一份力。根据 后文their part for their families and communities指普通人通过为他们的家庭和社区尽自己的一份 力。do ones part”尽自己的职责故选D。(12) C.考查名词及语境理解。A.unit单位;B.career事业;C.list列表,名单;D.deed行为。句 意:清洁工、医生和公

34、共汽车司机 名单不胜枚举。根据上文Cleaners, doctors and bus drivers* 可知生活中普通英雄很多,名单不胜枚举。故选C。(13) D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.wise明智的;B.adorable可爱的;C.sensitive敏感的;D.ordinary 普通的。句意:有时,当发生事故时,这些普通人表现出胆量和勇气去帮助完全陌生的人。呼应 上文Ordinary people”此处是在说明普通人在发生事故时的表现。故选D。(14) A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.complete完全的;B.local当地的;C.favorable有利的;D.nervous 紧张的。句

35、意:有时,当发生事故时,这些普通人表现出胆量和勇气去帮助完全陌生的人。根据 后文”strangers in need”指帮助完全陌生的人,应用completeo故选A。(15) B.考查动词及语境理解。A.meet遇见;B.make做出;C.save拯救;D.reward奖励。句意: 英勇地行动是我们许多人在某个时候都会被要求做出的选择。根据上文a choice that many of us will be called upon to”指做出选择,应用make。故选Bo这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了如何定义一个“英雄”以及英雄的一些品质和他们是如何成为英 雄的。做完形填空首先要通读全文,了

36、解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格,所以,必须先通读一 至两遍,才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句,做一句。其次要逐句分析,前后一致。答 案全部填完后,再通读一遍文章,检查是否通顺流畅,用词得当,意思正确。36 .【答案】【小题1】educated【小题2】development【小题3】its【小题4】until小题5 the【小题6】of【小题7】visiting【小题 8 financial【小题 9 Activities【小题10 to have【解析】(1) educated.考查形容词。句意:它不同于传统的旅游业,因为它使旅行者能够了解当 地的地理条件和文化特征,并经常为保护

37、提供资金,有利于当地的发展。此处用形容词作become 的表语,表示“有了解”,故填educatedo(2) development.考查不可数名词。句意:它不同于传统的旅游业,因为它使旅行者能够了解当 地的地理条件和文化特征,并经常为保护提供资金,有利于当地的发展。结合句意和the可知, 此处用名词形式,表示“发展,为不可数名词,故填development。(3) its.考查形容词性物主代词。句意:生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。此处用形容 词性物主代词作定语修饰origin,故填its。(4) until.考查介词。句意:直到20世纪80年代末,它才被广泛接受为一个旅游概念。u

38、ntil表示 “直到”符合句意,故填until。(5) the.考查冠词。句意:由于与环境相关的冒险旅行越来越流行,各种类型的旅行现在被归类 为生态旅游。结合句意可知,此处表示特指,故用定冠词,故填the。(6) of.考查介词。句意:由于与环境相关的冒险旅行越来越流行,各种类型的旅行现在被归类为 生态旅游。types of表示”各种各样的”符合句意,故填of。(7) visiting.考查动名词。句意:尽量减少参观地点的影响。此处用动名词作介词of的宾语,故 填 visiting o(8) financial.考查形容词。句意:为当地人民提供经济援助和其他福利。此处用形容词作定语修 饰名词a

39、id,故填financialo(9) Activities,考查可数名词的复数。句意:那里的活动范围从观鲸到徒步旅行,住宿的目的是 对自然环境的影响较小。结合句意和range可知,此处用名词的复数形式作主语,且首字母大写, 故填 Activities o(10) to have .考查动词不定式。句意:那里的活动范围从观鲸到徒步旅行,住宿的目的是对自然 环境的影响较小。aim to do表示旨在做某事”符合句意,故填to have。本文为说明文,主要讲述了生态旅游。语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用,做题时要首先明确短文大意,从词语搭配,固定句型, 语法,时态等方面综合考虑,结合上下文语境找出

40、正确答案。37 .【答案】Dear David,How is everything going? The Listening Test is scheduled to be held twice on January 8th, 2021. With its approach, I was under growing pressure, so Im writing to turn to you for help.(书信 目的) Currently, we are occupied in preparing for the big test. However, the more I practic

41、e, the more mistakes I am likely to make, which bothers me a lot.高分句型一 Much as I practice it, it doesnt work well.【高分句型二】Moreover, there is limited time left.(自己的听力困扰)Would you put forward some proposals to promote my listening? Thank you in advance.(请求帮助并且表示感谢) Looking forward to your earliest resp

42、onse.(期盼回1 复)Yours,Li Hua【解析】高分句型一However, the more I practice, the more mistakes I am likely to make, which bothers me a lot. 分析:which引导非限制性定语从句which bothers me a lot.翻译:然而,我练习的越多,我可能犯的错误就越多,这让我很困扰。高分句型二Much as I practice it, it doesnt work well.分析:as引导让步状语从句,使用部分倒装。翻译:虽然我经常练习,但效果并不好。写作步骤:第一步:审题,确定

43、体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点,避免填表式或履历表式表达。 第二步:拟定提纲,创造良好的开端;叙述得体,布局谋篇;巧妙过渡,完美结尾。第三步:遣词造句,套用句型,上下衔接,地道表达,行文成篇(注意“参考词汇的提示作用)。38 .【答案】Para One:As the twins looked around them in disappointment,their father appeared.Father appearing was like a sa vior to the two children.Under the guidance of theirfather,they to

44、ok positive actions and started all over again.The made the bread and then went on cooking porridge.Father helped them adjust the fire,which was the key tosuccess.lt was all right this time.Delicious breakfast was ready.How happy they were!(在爸爸的帮助下,他们中午完成了早餐)Para Two:The twins carried the breakfast

45、upstairs and woke their mother up.When their mother saw the delicious and perfect breakfast in front of her,she was very surprised.高分句型一】It was not only the gift but the love of the children for her that moved her very much.The two children could finish cooking a breakfast which she didnt expect.【高分

46、句型二】The children said loudly. nHappy Mothers Day! HMother hugged them tightly and kissed them again and again.(把早餐端给妈妈,妈妈很开心)【解析】本文讲述了在母亲节这一天,一对双胞胎秘密给自己母亲的礼物。高分句型一: When their mother saw the delicious and perfect breakfast in front of her,she was very surprised.翻译:当他们的妈妈看到了面前美味丰盛的早餐,她非常惊讶。分析:本句为when

47、引导的时间状语从句。高分句型二: The two children could finish cooking a breakfast which she didn*t expect.翻译:这两个孩子可以完成她没有预料过的早餐。分析:本句使用了 which引导的定语从句。解题方法点拨(1)品读原文,确定文章线索每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路,通过精读文章,找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间 为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生”顺藤摸瓜(结尾),(2)仔细审题,明确续写要求一般短文后面的“注意”都有对此类短文续写的具体要求,如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的 关键词语。续写段落的首句提示,这样考生

48、可以做到”心中有数,(3)回扣原文,揣摩续写思路根据文章后面的要求,再次快速阅读短文,抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写 段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示,确定续写段落的内容。(4)拟写草稿,修改错词病句在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写 时,注意句子结构的多样性,语言的丰富性,并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用,使上下文连 贯。A. Arms.B. Legs.C. Waist.BD. Neck.On Nov.7, 2020, Chris N汰ic did something incredible. He became the first person with Down syndrome (唐氏综合症)to complete one of the toughest athletic competitions in the world一the Ironman triathlon.Nikic started the triathlon just before 6 a, m. on Nov.7, entering the water in Panama City, Florida, for his swim. During the biking section his bike

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