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1、必修第二册练习Unit4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONSReading for Writingi .单词拼写Cai Wenji was a (诗人)and expressed her feelings in the form of poetry.1. We are excited to receive an invitation for a(宴会)at the restaurant.2. They (牛)and sheep on the farm.3. She painted little black (圆点)for the tigers eyes.4. There are gr
2、eat views of the (海洋)from the windows.5. Every country has its own set of traditions and (习俗).6. The teenagers give performances in (酒吧)or clubs, for which they are paid in cash.7. Ed like some white (葡萄酒),please.H.单句语法填空When I learned that my uncle was ill in hospital, I sent him a (greet) card.1.
3、The guy drove the car so fast, (roar) down the highway.2. When it comes to technology, the mobile phone is a (strike) example.3. England has many (county) and each one has its own charm.4. Tears were (roll) down his face when he learned that his grandfather passed away.Ill.选词填空be dotted with, a glas
4、s of, makeup, more than, have a bad influence on1. . Violent programs on television and too many computer games may children.2. I ordered orange juice when we were having dinner.3. Mo Yans books have sold 2() million copies worldwide.4. Women officers 13 percent of the police force.5. . Malaysia pla
5、ins, forested hills and mountains that cover both cast and westMalaysia.11. A. more difficult B. easilyC. easierD. more easily12. A. usingB. givingC. receivingD. lending13. A. countsB. inventsC. findsD. knows14. A. whoB. whatC. itD. that15. A. inB. onC. beforeD. afterVIII.语法填空阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词
6、)或括号内单词的正确形式。The Tradition of Making New Year*s ResolutionsThere are so many ways to celebrate New Year and especially New Years Eve. Traditions of the season include the making of New Years resolutions. That tradition(date) back to the early Babylonians. While popular modern resolutions may include
7、 the promise to lose weight or quit smoking, the early Babylonians (popular) resolution was to return borrowed farm(equip).The tradition of using a baby(signify) the New Year began in Greece around 600 BC. It was their tradition at that time to celebrate their god of wine, Dionysus, by parading a ba
8、by in a basket, (represent) the annual rebirth of that god as spirit of fertility (多产).Early Egyptians also used a baby as a symbol of rebirth. the early Christians criticized the practice as pagan (异教徒),the popularity of the baby as a symbol of rebirth forced the Church to re-evaluate its position.
9、 The Church finally allowed (it) members to celebrate the New Year with a baby, was to symbolize the birth of the baby Jesus.The practice that an image of a baby with a New Years banner (横幅)is used as a symbolic representation of the New Year(bring) to early America by the Germans. They had used it
10、since the fourteenth century.IX.书面表达.假如你是李华,你的网友John即将外出旅行,请你根据以下提示,用英语给他写封电子邮 件,向他介绍你对旅游的看法并提醒他旅行的注意事项。.1)旅游是一种非常好的活动。欣赏美景,呼吸新鲜空气,交朋友,放松。2)旅行前的准备。了解天气,带好衣服、相机、常用药品等。3)旅行时注意饮食卫生和安全。要求:1)行文连贯,不得逐句翻译;2)词数:100词左右,开头已给出,不计入总词数。Dear John,Im glad to hear that you are going to travel.Yours faithfully, Li H
11、ua.假设你是李华,正在新西兰学习,你计划暑假期间在当地旅行,请写一封e-mail向旅行社 询问相关旅行信息。内容包括:1)旅行信息(如景点等);.2)当地特色(如食品等);3)注意事项。注意:1)词数80左右;2)可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;答案解析部分III3.more than1. poet1. greeting4.make up2. feast2. roaring5.is dotted with3. cattle3. strikingIV4. dots4. counties1.Il was likely that5. ocean5. rolling2.With the matter
12、 settled6. customsIII3.If youre lucky enough7. pubs1. have a bad influence on4.the best way to learn8. wine2. a glass ofEnglishV.阅读理解答案】(1) B(1) C(2) D(3) C【解析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了墨西哥Mazatlan市狂欢节的庆祝活动和特色。(I )考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Mexico takes the third place in the most - attended carnival celebrations behind Rio
13、de Janerio in Brazil and New Orleans in the US”墨西哥是世界上 庆祝狂欢节的第三大国家巴西,的里约热内卢位于首位,美国的新奥尔良次之,可知在庆祝 狂欢节这件事上,巴西的里约热内卢排第一。故选B。(2)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“If youre planning to visit Mexico to observe this famous celebration, it is advisable to book months before the actual date as boarding and lodging(食宿费) rise shar
14、ply during the holidays.“如果你计划去墨西哥庆祝这个著名的庆典,建议你在确定日期 之前就预定好食宿,因为食宿费在节日期间会暴涨,可知如果要去Mazallan庆祝狂欢节需要 提前预订食宿。故选C。(3)考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“People from all walks of life actually participate in this yearly festive celebration. It has become a part of peoples way of life both for Catholics(天主教徒) or non-Catholics.
15、”事实上,各行各业的热都会来庆祝这个节日。它已经成为天主教和非天主教 人生活方式的一部分。结合句意,尤其是“both for Catholics or non-Catholics”,可推测划线部 分的意思是:来自各个领域的人。故选D。(4)考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“Besides the above activities, masquerade balls and rides that charge entrance fees arc available”除了以上的活动,还有付费的化妆舞会和游行,可 知狂欢节的最后项目是化妆舞会。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的
16、考查,是一篇文化类阅读,考生需要 准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文进行推理.,归纳,从而选出正确答案。2 .【答案】(1) BD(2) DB【解析】本文是一篇议论文,作者谈论了美国文化给自己带来的冲击,指出在当今世界,人 们应该尊重和适应他人的文化。(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”.eating beef is taken as an illegal act”吃牛肉是违法的可 知选B。(2)考查推理判断。通过作者的例证可知,无论在饮食禁忌方面,还是结婚风俗方面,文化 存在不同的差异,这些文化的冲击让作者感触颇深。选D。(3)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Arranged marriages
17、are common in which families decide whether the two should get married.”可知,听从父母之命的包办婚姻是尼泊尔非常常见的。故 选Do(4)考查细节理解。根据最后一段可知,对于现代人来说,旅行不可避免,人们总是会遇到 身处不同文化的人。在这种情况下,人们应该尊重和适应他人的文化。因此,对于不同的文 化,作者持尊重的态度。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,考生需要 准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。3 .【答案】(1) AD(2) CB【解析】本文是一篇说
18、明文,介绍了中国掀起“汉服”热,越来越多年轻人对此着迷的原因。(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段“These historic costumes of the Han ethnic majority arc enjoying a renaissance (新生)in part because the government is promoting traditional culture.”汉服这种历史 服饰正迎来复兴,这在一定程度上是因为政府致力于推广传统文化;以及第三段中的“Period dramas have also contributed to the increase in intere
19、st for traditional Chinese costumes”一些古装电 视剧的热播也激发了人们对中国传统服饰的兴趣。可知选Ao(2)考查推理判断。根据第五段中的In April, the Communist Youth League of China launched a two-day conference for traditional Chinese costumes, including hanfU.”四月,中国共产主义青年 团召开了为期两天的中国传统服饰的会议,包括汉服,可知选D。(3)考查细节理解,根据第二段“These historic costumes of the
20、 Han ethnic majority are enjoying a renaissance (新生)in part because the government is promoting traditional culture.”汉月艮这种历史 服饰正迎来复兴,这在一定程度上是因为政府致力于推广传统文化,可知选C。(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“If wc as a people and as a country do not even understand our traditional clothing, how can we talk about other essential
21、 parts of our culture?”如果 我们作为一个民族、一个国家甚至不了解我们的传统服装或者不穿它们,我们怎么去谈论我 们文化的其他重要部分?可知传统服饰在文化中应受到高度重视。故选Bo【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,考生需要 准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。4.【答案】(1) A(2) D(3) B【解析】本文是一篇说明文,从食物、烛台、游戏和风俗习惯方面介绍了犹太节日光明 节。(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Lalkes are fried pancakes made with potatoes, on
22、ions, eggs, flour and oil. Jam filled doughnuts are another popular Hanukkah treat. Dairy food such as cheese and cheesecake are also traditionally eaten at this festival.“烤饼是用土豆、洋葱、鸡蛋、面 粉和油煎制的薄饼。果酱甜甜圈是光明节的另一种受欢迎的美食。乳制品,如奶酪和奶酪蛋 糕,也是在这个节日上吃。可知,光明节的传统食物包括油炸薄饼和各种乳制品,例如奶酪 和奶酪蛋糕。故选A。(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The
23、 traditional Hanukkah candle holder is called a Hanukkah menorah (烛台)or hanukkiah and it has been used as a Jewish symbol since ancient times.” 传统的光明节烛台被称为光明节烛台或者hanukkiah,自古以来被用来作为犹太人的象征,可 知,在光明节上,光明节烛台长久以来被作为犹太人的象征,故选D。(3)考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Playing with the dreidel (陀螺)is a traditional Hanukkah game p
24、layed in Jewish homes in Britain and all over the world, and rules may vary from family to family.”在英国和全世界的犹太家庭,玩陀螺是一个光明节的传统游戏,每家玩游戏的规则各 有不同)可知,玩陀螺是光明节的一个传统游戏。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信 息,并结合题目要求,从而选出正确答案。VI .任务型阅读【答案】 E; G; A; F; C【解析】本文是一篇说明文,列举了一些保持住文化传承的几种建议或做法。【点评】考查七选五,本文是一篇教
25、育类阅读,要求在理解细节信息的基础上,着重考查对 上下文的理解和推理判断能力。VII .完形填空【答案】(1) B; (2) A; (3) D; (4) C; (5) B; (6) D; (7) A; (8) C; (9) B; (10) A; (11) C; (12) C; (13) A; (14) D; (15) B;【解析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了送礼的艺术,以及不同的国家有不同的送礼方式。(1 )考查副词。A. usually“通常”;B. especially“特别”;C. commonly”一般地”;D. generally”普遍地: 此处表示选礼物送人很难,特别是给私人送礼,选B
26、。(2 )考查名词。A. dislikes不喜欢;B. unlike“不像”;C. disadvantages“缺点 ” ;D. disagreements“不一致。根据“If wc want to make it better”如果我们想做得更好一些,可推测我 们应该了解送礼的对象,并了解他们的喜好,才能使送出更适合的礼物,likes and dislikes“喜 欢的和不喜欢的“,即喜好,选A。(3)考查连词。句意:通常情况下,小孩子总认为他们收到的礼物太少,而老人总觉得他们 收到的礼物太多。A. whether“是否”;B. when当时候”;C. i广如果”;D. while“然而”。
27、分 析语境可知some old people think they get too many gifts与some little kids think they dont get enough gifts”间是转折关系,故选D。(4)考查形容词。A. same“同样的;B. similar相似的;C. small“小的”;D. big“大的根 据下文的例子可知此处表示一些礼物是不会太轻的,选Co(5)考查形容词。句意:例如,当一个小孩只是给他或她的母亲一片树.叶,这就足以使她非 常高兴。A. lonely“孤独的;B. happy“快乐的”;C. angry“愤怒的”;D. good好的根据
28、“when a little child just gives his or her mother a leaf from a tree”可推测这个行为足够使妈妈开心 了,选 B。(6)考查名词。句意:送礼在不同的国家是不同的。A. cities“城市”;B. towns“小镇”;C. counties县;D. countries“国家根据下文举的Japan, Canada, Ihe USA等国家的例子可知 此处表示赠送礼物在不同的国家是不同的,选D。(7)考查固定搭配。句意:后来,这些礼物可能会送给别人,因为许多人有太多的东西,他 们并不想要太多的礼物。A. else“别的”;B. othe
29、r其他的”;C. else、“其他的”;D. another另 一个。someone else固定短语,“其他人,别人”。故选A。(8)考查固定短语。A. many too“太多”,修饰不可数名词;B. much too“很,非常”,修饰形 容词或副词;C. to。many“太多”,修饰可数名词复数;D. to。much“太多”,修饰不可数名词。 此处修饰可数名词复数gifts,选C。(9)考查名词。A. child孩子”;B. person人”;C. guide向导”;D. teacher“老师”。结合语境 可知此处表示在加拿大,(买下)一棵树就可以记住一个人,选B。(10)考查动词。A.
30、spend表示花费时间与金钱,主语为人;B. take表示花费时间,主语为 物;C. cost 表示花费金钱,主语为物;D. have“有。根据“Instead, making a meal for him or her is enough.M可知此处表示人们不需要花太多钱,主语people是人,选A。(11)考查形容词。A. more difficult更困难的”;B. easily“容易地”;C. easier更容易的”;D. more easily “更容易地根据“some people would rather just give money”可知此处表示为了 使事 情变得更简单,一些
31、人宁愿只送钱,暗含比较级,用easy的比较级表示更简单的,作宾补, 故选C。(12)考查动词。句意:然而,在某些文化中,收钱会让人感到不舒服。A. using“使用”;B. giving“给予”;C. receiving“收到”;D. lending“借故选 C。(13)考查动词。句意:在英国,我们有一句谚语,即重要的是想法。A. counts”重要,计 算”;B. invents“发明”;C. finds“找到”;D. knows“了解”。由设空处后一句可知此处表示重要 的是想法,选A。(14)考查定语从句。句意:我宁愿收到一件背后含有某种想法的礼物。分析句子可知空格 处引导定语从句作a g
32、ift的定语,且从句中缺主语,先行词a gift指物,可用that和which引 导,选D。(15)考查介词。句意:不同的人对这个问题有不同的看法! A. in”在里面”;B. on“在. 上面,C. before”在之前”;D. after”在之后”。结合语境可知此处表示在这个问题上, 不同的人有不同的想法,选B。【点评】本题考点涉及副词,动词,名词,形容词,连词,定语从句,固定短语等多个知识 点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻 辑关系,进行分析推理,从而选出正确答案。VIII .语法填空【答案】dates; most popular: equi
33、pment; to signify: representing; the; Although: its;which; was brought【解析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了制定新年决心的传统的变化。(1)考查时态。句意:这个传统追溯到Babylonians早些时候。此处描述的客观时候,应使 用一般现在时,主语是单数,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。(2)考查形容词。句意:当流行的现代新年决心也许包含减肥或者戒烟的时候,而 Babylonians早些时候最流行的新年决心是归还借来的农场设备。根据语境可知,此处指那时 最流行的一种新年决心,应使用形容词最高级。故填most popul
34、ar。(3)考查名词。句意:当流行的现代新年决心也许包含减肥或者戒烟的时候,而 Babylonians早些时候最流行的新年决心是归还借来的农场设备。根据句意可知,此处指“农 场设备“,equipment是不可数名词。故填equipment。(4)考查非谓语动词。句意:使用婴儿来表明新年开始的传统起源于公元前600年的希腊。根据句意可知,此处表目的,应使用动词不定式。故填to signify。(5)考查非谓语动词。句意:在那个时候,他们的传统是庆祝他们的酒神狄俄尼索斯,举着 篮子里的一个婴儿游行,代表着这位象征多产精神之神每年的重生。r叩resem与a baby in a basket是逻辑主谓
35、关系,应使用现在分词做状语,表主动。故填representing。(6)考查冠词。句意:在那个时候,他们的传统是庆祝他们的酒神狄俄尼索斯,举着篮子里 的一个婴儿游行,代表着这位象征多产精神之神每年的重生。根据句意可知,此处特指“多产 精神”,应使用定冠词。故填the。(7)考查状语从句。句意:虽然早期的基督徒批评这种做法是异教的,但婴儿作为重生象征 的流行迫使教会评估其立场。根据句意可知,前后句意存在让步关系,应使用although引导。故填 Although o(8)考查代词。句意:教会最终允许其成员用婴儿来庆祝新年,这象征着婴儿耶稣的诞生。 根据句意可知,此处指“教会的成员“,应使用形容词
36、性物主代词its。故填its。(9)考查定语从句。句意:教会最终允许其成员用婴儿来庆祝新年,这象征着婴儿耶稣的诞 生。此处是非限定性定语从句,先行词是a baby,在从句中做主语,which可以用来指代不分 性别的婴儿或儿童。故填which。(10)考杳时态语态。句意:举着新年旗帜的婴儿形象作为新年象征的做法是由德国人带到 早期的美国。此处是主句谓语动词,与主语practice是逻转被动关系,且描述的是过去的事实, 应使用过去时的被动语态。故填was broughto【点评】本题考点涉及时态,形容词,名词,非谓语动词,冠词,状语从句,代词,定语从 句以及时态语态等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类
37、阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础 上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的 单词形式。IX .书面表达【参考范文】1. Dear John,Im glad to hear that you are going to travel. Now Id like to share my views on travelling with you.In my opinion, travelling is a very good activity. When you have free time, you can go out to enjoy the beauty
38、 of nature. You can breathe the fresh air, meet different people, make friends with them and make yourself relaxed.In order to have a pleasant journey, you need to make preparations ahead of time. Youd better have clear information about the weather, and bring proper clothes, a camera, some medicine
39、 and so on. On your journey, you must pay attention to what you eat. Be careful with everything around you.Wish you a good journey.Yours faithfully,Li Hua【解析】本题是一篇英文信件,要求考生以李华的身份给即将外出旅行的网友John写封电子 邮件,向他介绍你对旅游的看法并提醒他旅行的注意事项。写作要点已经给出,属于提纲类 作文,内容包括:I)旅游是一种非常好的活动。欣赏美景,呼吸新鲜空气,交朋友,放松; 2)旅行前的准备。了解天气,带好衣服、相
40、机、常用药品等;3)旅行时注意饮食卫生和安 全。提示中的内容比较泛泛,需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高,要求考生 有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题,给出的要点都需要包 括。写作时注意准确运用时态,上下文意思连贯,符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词 句式,同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。【点评】本篇作文要点齐全,结构完整,条理清晰,应用了较多的语法结构和词汇,熟练地 使用了语句间的连接成分,使整个文章结构紧凑,很好地完成了写作任务。例如:When you have free time, you can go out to enjoy
41、 the beauty of nature.运用 了 时间状语从句;In order to have a pleasant journey, you need to make preparations ahead of time.运用 了 目 的状语从句; On your journey, you must pay attention to what you cat.运用 了 宾语从句;Be careful with everything around you.运用了祈使句。2. Dear Sir or Madam,Im Li Hua, a Chinese student studying i
42、n New Zealand. Im writing to ask for some information about traveling in New Zealand since I plan to spend my summer vacation there. Could you recommend some popular traveling routes to me?As we know, New Zealand is famous for its beautiful scenery and places of interest and I want to know more deta
43、ils. Besides, Im also interested in the local food, which is spoken highly of among us Chinese students. At last, what else should I prepare for the traveling?Id be grateful to receive a reply at your earliest convenience.Yours sincerely,Li Hua【解析】本题是一篇英文信件,要求考生以李华的身份写一封e-mail向旅行社询问相关旅行 信息。写作背景:你正在新
44、西兰学习,计划暑假期间在当地旅行。写作要点己经给出,属于 提纲类作文,内容包括:1)旅行信息(如景点等);2)当地特色(如食品等);3)注意事项。 提示中的内容比较泛泛,需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高,要求考生有很 强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题,给出的要点都需要包括。 写作时注意准确运用时态,上下文意思连贯,符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式,IV.完成句子1 .可能需要一台新的发动机了。(likely)a new engine would be required.2 .事情得到解决,我们都回家了。(with复合结构) ,_we all went
45、 home.3 .如果你很幸运能够与别人不同,请不要改变。(lucky)to be different, don*t ever change.4 .他认为学英语最好的方法是听本地人说话。(the+形容词+todo)He thinks that is to listen to the natives.V.阅读理解Mexico takes the third place in ihe most-attended carnival celebrations behind Rio de Janerio in Brazil and New Orleans in the US. While carniva
46、l is celebrated in Mexico in all major cities, the celebration in Mazatlan is the most expected.Every year, over 300,000 people attend the carnival celebration in Mazatlan in Mexico. It is a popular destination for carnival festivities along with other Mexicos famous port cities like Veracurz, Ensen
47、ada, and La Paz. If youre planning to visit Mexico to observe this famous celebration, it is advisable to book months before the actual date as boarding and lodging(食宿费)rise sharply during the holidays.People from all walks of life actually participate in this yearly festive celebration. It has beco
48、me a part of peoples way of life both for Catholics(天主教徒)or non-Catholics. People in the US celebrating this tradition and some parts of South America throw confetti eggs(五彩蛋)to one another as part of the traditions practice. This is believed to bring good luck to the person whos hit by it.Besides the above activities, masquerade(化妆)balls and rides that charge entrance fees are available. In the evening, a grand firework display awaits