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1、第七讲冠词、介词一冠词A组单句语法填空1. . （2020浙江卷 1 月）A child born in the US today has very realistic chance ofliving beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.解析：考查冠词。根据下文的chance可知，这里语意表示“非常实际的一个可能性”， 故填不定冠词，表示泛指。答案：a2. （2020-浙江卷 7 月）This style of farming lasted for quite a long time.Then, with rise of science, chan
2、ges began.解析： 考查冠词。根据空后的rise of science可知，此处是名词的限定性修饰，语意 表示“科学的兴起“，故填定冠词the,表示特指。答案：the3. （2020全国卷 H ）The plum trees are first to flower even as the snow is melting（融化）.They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.解析： 考查冠词。序数词前加定冠词the,表示“第几个”。答案：the4. （2019全国卷 I ）Of nineteen recognized
3、 polar bear subpopulations, three aredeclining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.解析： 考查冠词。此处特指确认的19个亚种群，故用定冠词the。答案：the5. （2019全国卷）When we got a call saying she was short-listed, we thought it was joke.解析： 考查冠词。joke “笑话，玩笑”，是可数名词。空格后用了单数joke,故其前 用a。答案：a6. （2019才斤江卷）Everyb
4、ody wears same style of clothes.Uniforms can be useful inunexpected ways.解析： 考查冠词。此处特指校服的款式相同，the same. “相同的”，故填the。答案：the7. （2018-全国卷 H ）Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over past 25years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.解析： 考查固定搭配中的定冠词。over the past 25 years ”在过去的25年里”。答案：the8
5、. （2017济斤江卷）1也 not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary.Like many things in life, its ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that theres enoughroom for improvement, which means youll just keep getting better and better.解析： 考查冠词。此处表示积累词汇是一个持续的过程，又因为单词。ngoing的发音 以元音音素开
6、头，故填不定冠词an。答案： anB组单句改错1. （2019-全 国 卷HI）Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.解析：unique是读音以辅音音素开头的单词，其前用a,不用an。类似的词还有 university, European 等。答案： ana2. （2018-全国卷 I ）During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.解析：countryside意为
7、“农村；乡下”，与the连用。答案：countryside 前加 the3. （2017全国卷 I ）In the summer holiday following my eighteenth birthday, I took driving lessons.! still remember how hard first day was.解析： 由于序数词first前应该用定冠词the或者用限定词进行修饰，故first前加the 或my。答案：first前加the或my4. （2017-全国卷 H ）They live far from the school, and it takes the
8、m about a hour and a half to go to work every day.解析： 虽然hour以辅音字母开头，但h不发音，故a改an。答案： a-an5. If we stay at home, it is comfortable and there is no need to spend money.But in that case, we will learn little about world.解析：冠词漏用。world是独一无二的事物，前面要加定冠词the。答案： world前加the考点上I不定冠词a, an1 .在发音以辅音音素开头的单词前用a,在发音以
9、元音音素开头的单词前用an。a university, a useful animal, a European car, an hour, an honest boy, an X-ray, an ugly man, an honor 等。Judging from his words, he must be an honest man.从他的话判断，他一定是一位诚实的人。As is known to us, Russia is a European country.众所周知，俄罗斯是一个欧洲国家。2 .不定冠词a/an放在单数可数名词前，泛指一个人或一个事物。(2018湖北重点中学联考)They
10、 found an apartment in America where they lived only half a year.他们在美国找到一个公寓，在那里待了仅仅半年。3 .表示泛指。说话人第一次提及某人或某物时通常用不定冠词。It was a cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly.那是一个寒冷冬天的夜晚，月亮在夜空中闪耀着。4 .表示量指。不定冠词表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没有。ne强烈。As the old saying goes, “Rome was not built in a day.” 常言道，“冰冻三尺，
11、非一日之寒”。5 .不定冠词a(n)表示“某一个，相当于some/a certain。A Mr Brown came to see you just now.刚才有一位布朗先生来找你了。6 .“a(n) +序数词”表示“又一，再一”；“amost+形容词”表示“非常，很”。 (2018-山西适应性考试)1 really enjoyed my stay in Xian.Its indeed worth a second visit. 我真的喜欢待在西安，它的确值得再次参观。He put forward a most useful suggestion at the meeting.在会议上他提出
12、了一个非常实用的建议。7 . 在抽象名词 success, failure, surprise, pleasure, beauty, wonder, comfort, danger,shock等前表示“一个的人或一件的事”。The operation is a success and the patient is now out of danger.手术很成功， 病人目前脱离 了危险。8 .不定冠词常用在一些固定搭配中。如：all of a sudden突然as a matter of fact事实上in a hurry 匆忙地pay a visit to 参观；拜访as a result/c
13、onsequence 因止匕have a gift/talent for在某方面有天赋have/catch a cold感冒make a living 谋生have/take a rest 休息in a way从某种意义上说give sb.a lift让某人搭便车do sb.a favor帮某人一个忙keep an eye on留心You can ask anyone for help.Everyone here is willing to lend you a hand.你可以向任何人求助，这里的每个人都乐意帮助你。?即学即练（单句语法填空）1. （2021-东北三校高三第一次联合模拟）Wh
14、at did she do to deserve such honor?Compared with other male poets in China, who have left hundreds or even thousands of poems, she has only eighty- seven.解析：考查冠词。此处的honor意为“荣誉”，应用不定冠词修饰，且honor的发音以元音音素开头，所以填an。答案： an2. （2020-6 月济南市高三针对性练习）Although there has been increasing amountof literature about
15、tea in recent years, such literature is certainly not new.解析：考查冠词。an amount of为常见搭配，又amount前有increasing修饰，该词的发音以元音音素开头，故用an。答案：an3. （2021贵阳市高三适应性考试）The museum has played important role in promoting calligraphy in Russia.解析：考查冠词。play a（n）.role为固定搭配，意为“发挥的作用“，且important的发音以元音音素开头，所以填an。答案：an4. （2021 石
16、家庄检测一）1 have known from Gu Yu that from tiny street stands to large chains, huge number of people accept mobile payment, mostly through popular apps Alipay and WeChat.解析： 考查冠词。a huge number of固定短语“许多”，修饰可数名词复数，故填a。答案：a5. （2021 四川成都诊断）1 visited Hangzhou for the first time in the summer of 2016.lt is
17、so attractive that I decided to go there for second time next year.解析：考查冠词。句意：2016年夏天我第一次去杭州旅游。那里如此迷人，我决定明年再去一次。a second time表示“又一次，再一次”，故填a。答案：a考点目定冠词the1 .特指某人或某事The village where I was born has taken on a new look in the past ten years.我出生的那个小村庄在过去十年已经呈现新的面貌。2 .用于序数词和形容词/副词最高级以及形容词。nly, very, sam
18、e等之前。As is known to all, China is the biggest developing country in the world.众所周知，中国是世界上最大的发展中国家。Yang Liwei is the first man who has been into space in China.在中国杨利伟是第一个登上 太空的人。3 .某些形容词、分词前表示一类人或用在姓氏复数前表示一家人，要想到用定冠词。As far as I know, the Greens are going to move to Beijing.据我所知，格林一家要搬到北京去。4 .在世界上独一无
19、二的事物，西洋乐器以及发明物的名词前要想到用定冠词。The little girl likes to play the violin and often plays it after school.这个小女孩喜欢拉小提琴，经常放学后演奏。5 .用在表示计量的名词前,如 by the hour, by the day, by the week, by the dozen, by the yard等，但是如表示单位的名词为不可数名词，之前不用冠词，如by weight/height等。As far as I know, he will get paid by the week.据我所知，他会按周付
20、薪。6 .用于the more.the more（越越）结构中。The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.你越小心，就会越少犯错误。7 .定冠词用于固定短语中at the momentat the same timeon the contraryon the wholeto tell the truthin the distanceon the other handmake the most ofat the momentat the same timeon the contraryon the wholeto tel
21、l the truthin the distanceon the other handmake the most of此刻；目前同时相反总的来说说实话在远处另一方面充分利用by the way顺便说一下go to the cinema/theater去看电影/戏剧in the middle of 在中间You should make the best of such a good chance to practise your spoken English.你应该充分利用这个好机会练习你的英语口语入?即学即练?即学即练（单句语法填空）1. （2021 成都市高三第一次诊断性检测）Situate
22、d on cliffs above a river, Hongyadong is a stilt house complex（建筑群）in city of Chongqing.解析：考查冠词。此处特指重庆市，故用定冠词the。答案：the2. （2021烟台、荷泽市高三水平诊断）Some reports also show that number of giant pandas in the wild is on the rise.解析： 考查冠词。此处指野生大熊猫的数量在增加。the number of是固定短语，意为 “的数量。故填the。答案：the3. （2020福州市高三毕业班适应性
23、练习）One brown batabout size of a humanthumbcan consume about 600 mosquitoes and other unwanted insects within an hour.解析：考查冠词。此处表示一只大约人类拇指大小的棕色蝙蝠。the size of意为“ 的大小”,为固定用法，所以填the。答案：the4. （2021烟台市高考诊断性测试）They either made equipment themselves or had to share very few items they had among all the child
24、ren.解析： 考查冠词。items后有定语从句修饰，故用the表特指。答案：the5. . （2021山西省八校高三第一次联考）The NYPD hopes in long term the information can be used to tailor manpower to each police station in the city.解析： 考查冠词。in the long term “从长远来看”，所以用the。答案：the考点1 .在不可数名词或可数名词复数前表示泛指不用冠词Keeping a diary is a good habit, by which youll mak
25、e great progress.记日记是一个可以让你取得进步的好习惯。2 .用于与by连用的表示交通工具、通讯工具的名词前Are you going there by plane or by ship?你是乘飞机还是乘船去那里？3 .用于系动词turn后的单数名词作表语时After years of hard work, Tom turned engineer while Mary good manager.多年的努力之后，汤姆成了工程师而玛丽成了一个好经理。4 .零冠词用于固定搭配中on purpose 故 意土也by chance 碰巧catch/on fire 着火at dawn/du
26、sk在黎明/黄昏make room for 让位out of date过时的by sea/car乘船/乘小汽车分即学即练分即学即练（单句改错）1. At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by myself.解析：atfirst ”起初；一开始”，为固定短语。答案： 去掉first前面的the2. （2021-南昌市一模）1 think its a great fun and I can make more friends.解析：fun为不可数名词，故前面不用冠词a。答案：去掉great前的a3. （2021 石家庄检测二）In addition to these tasks, robots will even be able to play the chess and do exercise with people.解析： 球类，棋类前不用冠词。答案：去掉chess前的the4. （2021 新疆第一次适应性测试）Thirdly, youll have to share with each other and make the good friends.解析：考查冠词。friends为名词复数，表示泛指，其前不需要用冠词。答案： 删去good前的the