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1、2021.2022学年浙江省杭州第二中学高三（上）月考英语试卷（12月）It was late, about 10:15 p.m., when Janice Esposito arrived at the Bellport, New York, train station, jumped into her Honda Odyssey and began the 20 minute drive home to her husband and sever-year-okl son. Shed just returned from visiting her mother and had travel
2、ed （he route so many times. She practically drove on autopilot: a left onto Station Road, then a left on Montauk Highway, and then wham! Out of nowhere on that awful night, a car T-boned Espositos minivan, forcing her backward some 100 feel onto （he railroad tracks. She sat in the minivan, bruised （
3、淤伤的）but mostly just stunned by the impact and by the vehicles airbags.As it happens, Pete DiPinto was getting ready for bed. Hed just closed his book and was crawling under the covers when he heard the high-pitched clang of metal on metal and shattering glass coming from not far outside his bedroom
4、window. A volunteer firefighter and retired teacher, DiPinto, 64, never stopped to think. He grabbed a flashlight and, still dressed in his pajamas, ran out of the door. The first car he came upon, 2,000 feet from his front yard, was the one that had hit Esposito. Once DiPinto concluded the driver w
5、as OK. he looked around and spotted Espositos minivan straddling （横跨）the railroad tracks.And then he heard an upsetting sound: the bells signaling an oncoming train. Honey, youre on the railroad tracks, DiPinto shouted to Esposito, We have to get you off right now! He yanked on the handle, but the d
6、oor was smashed in and jammed shut. The heavy diesel （柴油）train, traveling at 65 miles per hour, was hurting toward them. Dipinto ran to the passenger side and threw open the door. He pushed aside the flat airbags, grabbed Esposicos arms, and pulled her toward him across the passenger seat until he c
7、ould help her out and rapidly walk her to safety behind a signal box a few feet away. Within six seconds, he estimates, the train ploughed into the minivan.1. How did Janice Esposito feel when driving home?A. Careless.B. Light-hearted. C. Mindful.D. Stunned.2. What happened to Janice Espositos miniv
8、an?A. It got stuck on the back.B. It crashed into a running train.C. It was hit on the drivers side.D. It broke down on Station Road.3. Which of the following can best describe Pete DiPinto?A. Calm and adventurous.B. Sensitive and creative.C. Warm-hearted and diligent.D. Decisive and experienced.BBa
9、nanas and apples continue to ripen after being picked. Cherries and grapes do not. The difference between climacteric （后熟的）and non-climacteric fruits matters to fruit growers and greengrocers, who【解析】1.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。发表在美国国家科学院院刊（Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences）杂志上的一项新研究说明，某些被称为“时间细胞”
10、的细胞使情景记忆成 为可能。根据下文These are known as episodic （片段）memories.（这些被称为情景记忆。）可知，上文对情 景记忆进行解释。E项（有些记忆挥之不去，我们可以回忆起它们，就像电影中的场景一样。） 符合语境。应选E。2 .根据下文 As memories are being formed, these time cells put a stamp on the memories. Later, this stamp helps us recount the exact sequence of events and experiences.（当记忆形
11、成时，这些时间细胞 就会在记忆上留卜.印记。之后，这张邮票帮助我们表达事件和经历确实切顺序。）可知，空处解 释这些细胞如何帮助我们形成记忆。A项中的in a lime order和下文中的recount the exact sequence of events and experiences对应。A项（这些细胞帮助我们按时间顺序形成清晰的记忆。）符合语境。 应选Ao.根据上文 The 27 participants in （he study had electrodes （电极）placed in their brains, which allowed scientists to measur
12、e cell activity in the hippocampus （海马体）and another area involved in the perception of time.（这项研究的27名参与者在他们的大脑中放置了电极，这让科学家可以测量海马体和另 一个与时间感知有关的区域的细胞活动）可知，此处是在说明试验的过程。G项（他们在大约30 秒的时间里在电脑屏幕上看到12到15个单词的序列。）符合语境。应选G。3 .根据下文 However, those who had suffered damage to this area of the brain were unable to r
13、ecall the proper sequence of events.（然而，那些大脑这一区域受损的人无法回忆起事件的止确顺序。）可 知，空处和下文形成转折关系，C项中的damage to iheir hippocampus与下文中damage to （his area ofthebrain对应。C项（那些海马体没有受损的人也有类似的经历。）符合语境。应选C。4 .根据下文 As of September 2019, around 50 million people worldwide were suffering from dementia （痴呆）and the number will
14、triple by 2050, according to the World Health Organization.（根据世界 P生 组织的数据，截至2019年9月，全球约有5000万人患有痴呆症，到2050年，这一数字将增加两 倍。）可知，本段主要讲述了患有记忆障碍的病人数量在不断增加。D项（患有记忆障碍的人数 正在增加。）符合语境。应选D。1635.【答案】C、A、D、A、C、B、C、B、D、A、A、C、A、D、A、B、D、D、B、C 【解析】I.【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者家的花园里有一颗黑胡桃树，作者对 它的感情很复杂，一方面想要清理它，因为黑胡桃树的果实会砸到自己，并
15、且它会释放出气味影 响其他植物的生长，另一方面，这棵树受法律保护，作者无法清理它。最后作者释然了，因为黑 胡桃树为野生动物提供了一个家，并提醒我们接受，而不是抵抗，是更好的方式。句意：我对它爱恨交加了 18年。A.debate辩论，争论；B.union联盟，结合；C.relationship关系； D.friendship 友谊。根据 Like any good relationship, Ill never be pleased.可知，此处是信息词relationship的词汇复现。应选Co2 .句意：这是一棵独特的树。A.uniquc独特的；B.young年轻的；C.short短的；D.l
16、eafless没有叶 子的。根据Ive been in an 18-year love-hate (I ) with ii.可知，作者对这棵树的感情是爱恨交织在 一起的，因此这棵树是独特的。应选A。3 .句意：在九月末或十月初，像棒球一样坚硬的掉落的果实会威胁到你的头。A.squeeze挤压，榨 取；B.wei 使潮湿；C.cover 覆盖；D.ihreaten 威胁，恐吓。根据 falling fruils as hard as baseballs 可 知，黑胡桃树的果实像棒球一样坚硬，因此会砸到头部，故用“threaten威胁”符合语境。应选D。4 .句意：八月初在花园里用餐时，露台伞是必
17、不可少的，因为这个季节果实很多，我在花园里工 作时戴着自行车头盔。A.helmet头盔；B.suit套装;C.glovc手套：D.bag包。根据because of the volume ofGuillhis season可知，因为这个季节果实很多，作者在花园里工作时戴着自行车头盔。应选A。5 .句意：作为一种竞争策略，黑胡桃树也会通过根部释放一种化学物质。A.strange奇怪的；B.risky; C pctitivc 有竞争性的;D.coopcrativc 合作的。根据 Its harmful to several common plants.可知, 作为一种竞争策略，黑胡桃树也会通过根部
18、释放一种化学物质。应选C。6 .句意：我带了很多新的植物品种回家，希望黑核桃树能接受它们，但它们没有长大。A.requests 要求：B.hopes 希望；C.worries 担忧：D.doubts 怀疑。根据 There have been many new plant varieties that 1 brought home可知，作者满怀希望地带了很多新的植物品种回家种植。应选B。7 .句意同上。A.please使愉快；B.refuse拒绝；C.accept接受；D.feed喂养。作者希望黑胡桃树能 够接受这些新的植物品种。应选C。8 .句意同上。A.buildup建立;B.growup
19、成长；C.digup挖出,查出；D.set down记下。根据but they failed io可知，这些新的植物品种没能生长。应选.句意：我有没有想过在小小的后院里搜脱这个巨大的痛苦？ A.beautiful美丽的；B.empty空的； C.extensive广阔的；D.tiny极小的。根据giant pain可知，和巨大的痛苦进行比照，作者的后花园 是很小的。应选D.9 .句意：是的，然而，除掉这棵50英尺高、87英寸树干的树是不可能的。A.out of question根本 不可能；B.beyond doubt亳无疑问；C.under discussion正在讨论中；D.in prog
20、ress在进行中。根据 Its also protecled under ihe law.可知，因为这棵树受法律保护，作者不能除掉它。应选A。10 .句意：树木是众多鸟类和昆虫的家园，对保持环境平衡至关重要。A.home家；B.roules路线； C.means方式，方法；D.fence篱笆。根据my walnut offers a home to wildlife可知,此处是信息词 home的词汇复现。应选A。11 .句意同上。A.occupied被占领的，忙于；B.equal平等的；C.balanced平衡的：D.disturbed精神 紊乱的。根据 Trees are important
21、 to the urban forest and for all of those that inhabit it.可知，树木对保 持环境平衡至关重要。应选C。12 .句意：有时我会想没有黑胡桃树的生活。A.life生活；B.work I：作；C.family家庭；D.dream梦 想。根据 I cant imagine a spring without (he birds who arrive every year and loudly sing (heir songs before dawn.可知，作者有时候会想象没有黑胡桃树的生活。应选A。13 .句意：我怀念在慵懒的周末下午，坚果快要掉
22、下来之前，抬头看树叶时睡着的日子。A.windy 有风的;B.lonely孤独的；C.busy忙的;D.lazy懒惰的。根据falling asleep可知，此处表示怀念慵 懒的周末下午。应选D。14 .句意同上。A.lookup 查阅，向上看;B.glance down 扫视：C.stareat 盯着;D.watch out 留神。 根据before the nuts threaten to fall.可知，在坚果快要掉下来之前抬头看树叶。应选A。15 .句意：每年春天，我都想知道这个季节拥有什么。A.changes改变；B.holds拥有；C.abandons 抛弃；D.selects 挑
23、选。根据 What are the chances of being knocked (17) while barbecuing?可知,作 者想要知道这个季节拥有什么。应选B。16 .句意:烧烤时被打晕的几率有多大? A.splil分裂的；B.silly愚蠢的;C.crazy疯狂的；D.unconscious 无知觉的。根据 In late September or early October, falling fruits as hard as baseballs the heads of you.可知，此处表示被掉下来的果实砸的失去意识。应选D。17 .句意：我被这棵树困住了，所以我会倾听
24、它的需要，给它需要的空间。A.salisfied满意的；B.sympathetic 同情的；C.strict 严厉的；D.stuck 被困住的。根据 Yes, however, getting rid of this tree standing at 50 feet with an 87-inch trunk is (10) Jf知，作者无法清理掉这棵树，因此被困住了。故 选D。18 .句意：作为回报，我的黑胡桃桃树为野生动物提供了一个家，并提醒我们接受，而不是抵抗， 是更好的方式。A.On the contrary 相反;B.In return 作为回报;C.By the way 顺便说一下
25、;D.As a result 结果。根据my walnut offers a home to wildlife可知，此处表示黑胡桃树为野生动物提供了一个家 是这棵树给作者的I可报。应选B。19 .句意同上。A.forecast预测；B.motto座右铭;C.reminder提醒人的事物；D.notice通知。根据 acceptance, instead of resistance, is the better way to be 可知，这棵树作为一个提醒者，告诉人们接受， 而不是抵抗，是更好的方式。应选C。36 .【答案】【小题1】healthier【小题2】taking【小题3】were f
26、ound【小题4】statement【小题5】a【小题6】in【小题7】relatively【小题8】what【小题9】samples【小题10So【解析】1句意：科学家们给那些喜欢咖啡、茶和葡萄酒的人带来了一些好消息：饮用这些饮料 中的任何一种，都与肠道内生活着更健康、更多样化的微生物群落有关。分析句子结构可知，空 处需填形容词作定语，结合more diverse可知，此处使用形容词比拟级。故填healthier。2 .句意：研究人员在科学（Science）杂志上报告称，摄入含糖饮料和全脂牛奶、摄入大量碳水 化合物和经常吃零食的情况那么正好相反。空处和eating并列，需填动词的-ing形式
27、作介词for的宾 语。故填taking。3 .句意：该研究的第一作者亚历山德拉热尔纳科娃博士在一份声明中说：“去年的一项实验发现了 60个与食物有关的影响多样性的因素。”根据时间状语last year可知，此处使用一般过去时，主 语为factors,是复数名词，和find为被动关系，需用被动语态。故填were found。4 .句意同上。不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词，空处需填名词“声明”。故填stalemenl。5句意：专家认为，-个人的微生物群落的组成也可能在情绪障碍和其他疾病中发挥作用。 communiiy为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且persons发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a限定。 故
28、填a.句意同上。play a role in为固定短语，意为“在中起作用“。故填in。6 .句意：但对微生物群的研究相对较新的，科学家们仍在研究健康的微生物群到底是什么样子。 修饰形容词new需用副词。故填relativelyo.句意同上。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，需用连接代词what引导。故填what.7 .句意：在分析了样本并将其与其他收集到的数据进行比拟后，科学家们发现，食用水果、蔬菜 和酸奶对肠道微生物多样性有积极的影响。空处需填名词作宾语，sample是可数名词，此处表示 泛指，且没有冠词限定，需用名词复数形式。故填samples。8 .句意：茶、酒、咖啡和酪乳也是如此。“so
29、+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语”为倒装结构，表 示“也是”。位于句首，首字母需大写。故填S。37.【答案】Dear Jim,I am glad that you are interested in Chinese culture and eager to explore more. I think the AncientPoetry is your best choice.By learning Chinese ancient poems, you can have an extensive knowledge of history and culture in ancient China
30、,Also、you can feel the charm of language by reading poems, which helps to improve your Chinese. To follow the course well, youd better read and recite as many poems as possible.Besides, it is a good ideasearch for relaled background knowledge sohat you will fully understand the conception om）elry.Wh
31、at do you think of the course? I am sure you will have a lot of fun from it.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【思路点拨】本文是一篇应用文，要求以李华的身份给交换生Jim写一封邮件。写作时应注意词汇的选择和句 式的准确使用，可适当添加一定的衔接词，以使行文连贯。【结构布局】引言：推荐一门选修课中心：说明推荐的理由结尾：提出学习这门课程的建议【亮点词汇】are interested in 对感兴趣extensive knowledge 博学charm魅力【高分句型】Also, you can feel the charm
32、of language by reading poems, which helps to improve your Chinese, （which引导的非限制性定语从句）Besides, it is a good idea to search fbr related background knowledge so that you will fully understand （he conception of poetry. （so that 引导的目的状语从句）【拓展词汇】arouse ones interest激发某人的兴趣desire to do渴望做 for sure/certain
33、一定地【拓展句型】If you are interested in it, you can visit （he school website to sign up before （he deadline.（如果你对这 个活动感兴趣，你可以在截止日期前登陆学校网站报名参加该活动。）Not only docs the activity broaden my horizons, but also inspires me to work harder.（这次活动不仅 让我大开眼界而且激励我更努力的学习。）A wide variety of interests and hobbies will broa
34、den our horizons, enrich the school life and make usrelaxed.（丰富多彩的兴趣爱好让我们开阔眼界，充实学校生活，还能是我们得到放松。） 3 8 .【答案】 He must have woken twenty times in the night, looking at his watch for a proper time to start. It was al a quarter to three when he got up and went out, careful of an occasional sound. The cows
35、 in the stable looked at him, sleepy and surprised. It was early fbr them, too, but they accepted him calmly for milking. He had never milked before, but it seemed easy for him, with the cows behaving well. Eventually the task, a special gift for father, went more easily than supposed, and with two
36、full milk cans, he left the stable silently and went back to his bedroom.He went hack in his bedroom with only one minute to jump into bed before hearing his father get up. He covered his head to silence his breath of excitement. His father came in, Rob! We have to get up and get everything started.
37、 All righl,he replied sleepily. Yet he lay still, his dancing heart beating violently out from his body when (he door opened again. His father came in with a crying laugh, pulling away his cover, you thought youd fool me, did you? Its fbr Christmas, Dad! He happily replied. Dark as it was outside, h
38、e could feel two great arms around him, a hug to recognize his growih.【解析】一、文章梳理【原文大意】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了父亲总是不忍心叫Rob起得很早跟自己去挤奶，这也让Rob认识 到了父亲对自己的爱，于是Rob在圣诞节这天起得很早，去把所有的挤奶工作都做完了，以此作 为给父亲的特别礼物。【段落续写】由第一段首句内容“他夜里肯定醒了 20次，看了看表，想要准时开始。”可知，第一段可描写 Rob早起去挤奶的经过。由第二段首句内容“他回到卧室，在听到父亲起床之前，他只有一分钟的时间跳上床。”可知， 第二段可描写父亲发现
39、Rob的所作所为之后的感受和做法，以及Rob的感悟。二、线索厘清【续写线索】Rob早起一一Rob挤奶一一Rob回到卧室一一父亲来叫Rob一一父亲发现了 Rob完成了挤奶工作Rob感悟【词汇激活】离开：leave/go away回去：go back to/return回答：reply/respond情绪类惊讶的：surprised/arnazed高兴地:happily/joyfully三、范文鉴赏【高分句式】He had never milked before, but it seemed easy for him, with the cows behaving well. （with 的复合
40、结构）Yet he lay still, his dancing heart beating violently out from his body when the door opened again.（when引导时间状语从句）must ensures their products are in excellent condition when arriving at the marketplace. But how those differences originally came about remains unclear.In a paper in Biology Letters,
41、Fukano Yuya and Tachiki Yuuya of the University of Tokyo offer a suggestion. Fruits, they observe, exist to solve a problem faced by all plants-how best to spread (heir progeny around. Wrapping their seeds in a sugary flesh, to provide a tasty meal, serves as a way to got animals to do this for them
42、. They do, however, need to ensure their fruits favour the animals most likely to do the distributing. They propose that climacterism or non-climacterism is a way to achieve this. If ground-living animals are the main distributors, then the continuing ripening of fallen fruit is beneficial. If, by c
43、ontrast, those distributors are tree-living or flying animals, which can feed on unfallen fruit, then non-climacteric fruits will do well.To test their idea, the two researchers combed through 276 papers about 80 sorts of fruits. They discovered 35 of these fruits were eaten by both groups of animal
44、s. But of those where one group or the other were the dominant consumers, 15 of the i 9 eaten mainly by ground-living animals were climacteric.Their assumption is strengthened by other evidence. They point out non-climacteric fruits tend to have vivid colors which may help (hem stand out amid the le
45、aves, advertising (heir presence. Climacteric fruits are generally better hidden, making them harder to spot until they have fallen to the ground.4. What did the two researchers try to find out through iheir study?A. What enables fruits to stay in perfect condition.B. How some fruits stand out in th
46、e trees, but others fail.C. How many animals play the role of distributors for fruits.D. Why some fruits stop ripening when picked, and others dont.5. What does the underlined word progeny in the second paragraph mean?A. Later generations.B. Hidden qualities.C. Fresh fragrance.D. Unknown disease.6.
47、What do we know about non-climacteric fruits?A. Bananas definitely fall into the category.B. They may appeal lo flying birds.C. They tend to remain hidden among leaves.D. Ground-living animals generally feed on them.7. Whats the best title of this text?A. The Condition of Products: What Greengrocers
48、 Care.B. The Reproduction of Plants: Depending on Themselves.C. The Evolution of Fruit: Finding the Right Distributors.D. The Choice of Animals: Looking for bright-colored fruits.Critics of higher education often complain that universities offer too many worthless degrees with little value in the wo
49、rkplace. Since top universities tend (o produce higher-earning graduates than less selective institutions do, you might expect them to teach more practical courses. Yet data from Britains department for education show the opposite. Undergraduate students at leading universities are more likely to stu