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1、2023届高三年级第四次调研测试英语科试卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出 最佳选项。1 What is the womans problem?A The dog is too loud.B. The lights are too bright.C. The window covers are too short.2. Why did the man change his mind?A. To make more money. B. To go on vacation. C. To continue going
2、to school.3. How does the boys brother know Gary?A. By playing sports. B. By sharing a class. C. By taking part in a contest.4. What is John Potter probably going to do on TV tonight?A. Write a poem. B. Receive an award. C. Introduce his new work.5. What does the man think about the womans answer?A.
3、 Its false. B. Its unclear. C. Ifs surprising.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What was the biggest problem according to the firefighters?A. The building was old.B. The room was too small.C. The fire happened in the midnight.7. What will the city counci
4、l do next?A. Fix the old building.B. Build a new center.C. Get the governments support.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. Where does the conversation take place? 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Studies show that extending a phones lifespan from one to four years can decrease its environmental impact by about 40%.（研究表明，将手机的使用寿命从1年延长到
5、4年，可以减少 约40%的环境影响）”可知，延长电子科技设备的寿命可以起到“可持续性”的作用。由此可知，将旧的 电子科技设备更新升级，而不是更换成为新的，是一种可持续方式。故选A项。DMuch like people whose relatives or friends have died, orphaned （成为孤儿的）elephants get by with a little help from their friends, according to a study.Scientists in the United States and Kenya analysed stress ho
6、rmones （激素）in the baby elephants whose mothers had died, expecting to find higher levels. Instead, the support of their peers appeared to reduce the orphans9 level of anxiety.The study, published last week in the journal Communications Biology, concluded that social relationships have a psychologica
7、l impact on the young elephants. Elephants have strong familial and group ties. Before the age of nine, baby elephants rarely move away more than 30 feet （nine metres） from their mothers, and even a few hours of separation lead to joyous reunion. The bond between female elephants and their young has
8、 long been thought to reduce stress.Expecting to find that the orphaned elephants, which tend to die early at a higher rate than those whose mothers are still alive, would be more depressed, the team analysed stress hormone levels in the waste matter of 36 young elephants in the nature reserves in n
9、orthern Kenya between 2015 and 2016. Twenty-five of the elephants had lost their mothers to drought or hunting between 2009 and 2013, when a rise in the demand for ivory left many elephants on the reserves motherless.However, the researchers were surprised to find that long-term stress hormone level
10、s were similar among orphans and elephants with living mothers. Jenna Parker, the studys main author and a professor at Colorado State University, said their unexpected resilience is directly linked to social support from other elephants, specifically companions of a similar age. Those with more “fH
11、ends“ had significantly lower stress hormone levels. The results may encourage elephant orphanages to pair up animals to help them to recover from loss and adapt to future threats.It could be a timely move as interactions between humans and elephants are on the rise, thanks in part to drought relate
12、d to climate change. Experts say the increased conflict is a threat to Kenyas 36,000 strong elephant population. 12. What did the scientists focus on about orphaned elephants in the study?A. Their peers.B. Their family.C. Their psychology. D. Their growth.13. What can we learn from paragraph 3?A. Se
13、paration is necessary for younger elephants.B. Young elephants are attached to their mothers.C. Younger elephants are fond of wandering alone.D. Female elephants dominate young elephants9 life.14. What does the underlined word “resilience“ probably mean in paragraph 5?A. Difference.B. Anxiety.C. Rec
14、overy.D. Result.15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. Orphaned Elephants Find Relief in Friends.B. Elephants Have a Strong Bond with Mothers.C. Stress Levels are Higher in Young Elephants.D. Orphaned Elephants Have Been Suffering a Lot.【答案】12.A13. B 14. C 15. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明
15、文。文章主要介绍研究发现大象孤儿能从朋友那里得到帮助和陪伴，最终压力水平 恢复正常。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段 u Much like people whose relatives or friends have died, orphaned （成为孤儿的） elephants get by with a little help from their friends, according to a study.（一项研究显示，就像亲人或朋友去世 的人一样，大象孤儿也能从朋友那里得到一点帮助）”和第二段的“Instead, the support of their peers appe
16、ared to reduce the orphans9 level of anxiety.（相反，同伴的支持似乎降低了（大象）孤儿们的焦虑水平）” 可知，在这项研究中，科学家们把重点放在了孤儿大象的同伴身上。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的 uBefore the age of nine, baby elephants rarely move away more than 30 feet （nine metres） from their mothers, and even a few hours of separation lead to joyous reunion.（S 9
17、岁之前，小象彳艮少离 开它们的母亲超过30英尺（9米），即使是几个小时的分离也会带来欢乐的团聚）”可知，小大象非常依恋 它们的妈妈。故选B。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据第五段的 u However, the researchers were surprised to find that long-term stress hormone levels were similar among orphans and elephants with living mothers.（然而，研究人员原讶地发现， 孤儿和有 母亲的大象的长期压力荷尔蒙水平是相似的）”可知，孤儿和有母亲的大象的长期压力荷尔蒙水
18、平是相似 的，由此可知，在同伴的陪伴下它们的低落情绪恢复了。从而猜测“their unexpected resilience is directly linked to social support from other elephants, specifically companions of a similar age”意为它们出乎意料的 恢复与来自其他大象的社会支持直接相关，特别是与它们年龄相仿的同伴”，即resilience意为“恢复”， 与recovery同义。故选Co【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍研究发现大象孤儿能从朋友那里得到帮助和陪伴，最终压力水 平恢复正
19、常。再结合第一段 “Much like people whose relatives or friends have died, orphaned （成为孤儿的） elephants get by w汕 a little help from their friends, according to a study.（一项研究显示，就像亲人或朋友去世 的人一样，大象孤儿也能从朋友那里得到一点帮助）”可知，A项“大象孤儿在朋友那里找到了慰藉”可以 作为本文最佳标题。故选A。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选
20、项。Positive Ways the World May Change After CoronavirusMore flexibility in workplacesMany businesses can in fact thrive with a remote workforce. 16 Commutes （通勤）often wastes” time when you could get more work done or do other things you enjoy more. Therefore, companies that allow remote work actually
21、 gain goodwill because they understand the value of freedom and flexibility.Healthier lifestyle habitsMore flexibility and reduced commuting mean people can find more time to exercise as well-even if its at home rather than at the gym. 17 And although restaurants have opened back up, those who disco
22、vered the joy of cooking will be likely to continue to make healthy, home-cooked meals for their family.More likely to improve the environmentShortly after the lockdown began in Wuhan, carbon emissions dropped around 25 percent and the result was visible from space. 18 However, seeing the possibilit
23、ies may serve as motivation for better conservation of the planet.Stronger family connectionsDuring lockdown, families created bonds that are likely to remain strong. Since youre home anyway, theres no excuse not to have dinner together. Families are also returning to classic activities like movie n
24、ights and outdoor nature adventures. They give you opportunities to create a lot of openings for connection on a deeper and more meaningful level. 1920This time of suffering and death brought a recognition that life is something to be cherished and not taken for granted. COVID has created a loss on
25、so many levels that it has forced us to look deeply at what we have been doing daily and why it matters. This active seeking of insight and answers has caused many individuals to be grateful for what they have.A. More planning for future life.B. More appreciation and gratitude for life.C. This has b
26、een missing in many homes since smartphones entered the picture.D. This will forever change the workplace, with offices taking a much smaller role.E. The improvement in air quality was obvious, but it was also, sadly, not lasting.F. The crisis has led people to focus on exercise and spend more time
27、with family members.G. One survey showed the number of people who never work out decreased since the pandemic began.【答案】16.D17. G 18. E 19. C 20. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了疫情后生活发生的几点变化。【16题详解】根据上文“Many businesses can in fact thrive with a remote workforce.”（许多生意事实上通过远程办公很兴旺） 可知这里在谈远程办公的好处。D. This will
28、forever change the workplace, w汕 offices taking a much smaller role.（这改变了工作地点，使得办公室的作用不明显）与上文承接自然，选项中的This指代的就是with a remote workforce（远程办公）。故选 D。【17题详解】根据上文“More flexibility and reduced commuting mean people can find more time to exercise as welleven if ifs at home rather than at the gym. （更加灵活和减少通
29、勤意味着人们有更多的时间锻炼，在家里而不是在体 育馆）可知人们有更多的时间锻炼。G. One survey showed the number of people who never work out decreased since the pandemic began.（一项调查表明自从疫情开始，从来不锻炼的人数在下降）与上文承接自然，话题 一致。故选G。【18题详解】根据上文“Shortly after the lockdown began in Wuhan, carbon emissions dropped around 25 percent and the result was vis
30、ible fix）m space.”（武汉封城不久，二氧化碳的含量就下降了 25%,效果从太空可以看到）可知这一段 在讲空气质量的改善。E.The improvement in air quality was obvious, but it was also, sadly, not lasting.（空气质 量的改善很明显，但是难过的是这不会持久）与上文承接自然，话题一致。故选E。【19题详解】结合本段小标题和上文内容可知，这一段主要在讲封城期间，大家呆在家里，家庭成员之间关系更加亲密。C. This has been missing in many homes since smartphon
31、es entered the picture.（自从智能手机出现以来, 这种关系在许多家庭就已经消失了）与上文承接自然，选项中的This指代家庭成员之间更加亲密的关系。 故选C。【20题详解】空格处在小标题的位置，根据小标题在结构上一致原则，考虑A和B项。根据下文的“This time of suffering and death brought a recognition that life is something to be cherished and not taken for granted.（这段痛 苦和死亡的时光让人们认识到，生命是值得珍惜的，而不是理所当然的）”可知，这一段主要
32、在讲疫情让 我们重新认识生活，珍惜当下。B. More appreciation and gratitude for life.（对生活更力口欣赏和感恩）可以作 为本段小标题。故选B。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Susan knows the 21 of a good doll. Dolls have a power we dont 22 understand/9 she said.Its a（n） 23 she came to while working as
33、 a social worker using dolls to help her young clients 24 their changing medical situations. Many of the kids saw themselves in those dolls. But for the kids 25 a leg or who had lost their hair, there were none they could relate to.So, seven years ago, when a friend 26 that her child had been disabl
34、ed because of a car accident, Susan, now 49, knew what might help the youth through this potentially 27 period. Susan went about changing that. She crafted a doll by hand that 28 her friends child and sent it off.29 spread, and soon Susan was making dolls for children with scars and birthmarksin sho
35、rt, a doll that looked like them. She even 30 her job and started a nonprofit, A Doll Like Me.From photos 31 by parents or caregivers, it takes her 32 seven hours to craft each doll. She hasnt 33 for a doll since she began her nonprofit. The 34 is long, but Susan is unbowed （不屈月艮 的）.As she explains,
36、 Every kid, 35 gender, ethnicity, age, medical issue, or body type, should look intothe sweet face of a doll and see their own.21. A.joy22. A. completely23. A. restriction24. A. run into25. A. shakingB. beliefC. identityD. valueB. graduallyC. casuallyD. temporarilyB. explanationC. conclusionD. conse
37、quenceB. adapt toC. tend toD. refer toB. hurtingC. missingD. treating31.26. A. interruptedB. revealedC. changedD. regretted27. A. inspiringB. preciousC. excitingD. challenging28. A. abandonedB. approachedC. resembledD. repaired29. A. WordB. TruthC. RumorD. Confidence30. A. cherishedB. gotC. quitD. d
38、id31. A. expectedB.sentC. donatedD. earned32. A. unwillinglyB. honestlyC. partlyD. roughly33. A. chargedB. recognizedC. recalledD. demanded34. A. comfort zoneB. bottom lineC. waiting listD. top secret35. A. by comparison withB. in addition toC. regardless ofD. instead of【答案】21.D22. A23. C 24. B25. C
39、 26. B 27. D28. C 29. A 30. CB 32. D 33. A34. C 35. C【解析】【导语】本文是篇记叙文。主要讲述了苏珊通过自己手工制作玩偶，为每个不完美的孩子量身打造一个类 似的玩具，帮助他们走出心灵困境的感人故事。她甚至辞职，创建了非营利组织，来帮助有需要的孩子 们。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：苏珊知道一个好玩偶的价值。A.joy快乐；B. belief信任、信仰；C. identity 身份；D. value价值。由下一句uDolls have a power v (玩偶有一种力量)可知，玩偶是由价值的东西。 故选D。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨
40、析。句意：玩偶拥有一种我们并不完全理解的力量。A. completely完全地；B. gradually 逐渐地；C. casually 随意地；D. temporarily 暂时地。由下一句 Itsa(n) 3 she came to while working as a social worker可知，苏珊是通过做了社工工作后才明白玩偶的力量，所以我们大部分人并不 能完全理解。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是她做社工的时候，用玩偶帮助她的小客户们适应变化的医疗情况时所得出 的结论。A. restriction 限制、约束;B. explanation 解释、说明;C. c
41、onclusion 结论；D. consequence 后 果、结果。通读全文可知，上一句Dolls have a power we dont 2 understand v是苏珊通过社工工作得出的结论。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这是她做社工的时候，用玩偶帮助她的小客户们适应变化的身体健康状况 时所得出的结论。A. run into跑进、撞到；B. adapt to适应；C. tend to照顾；D. refer to谈及、查阅。由 后文utheir changing medical situations可知，这些小客户大部分都是身体状况出了问题的孩子，所以他们 需要不断
42、变化的医药治疗，这些玩偶可以帮助孩子们尽快地适应。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是对于那些失去一条腿或没了头发的孩子们来说，没有什么是他们能够联系 起来的。A. shaking摇晃、晃动；B. hurting伤害；C. missing错过、丢失；D. treating治疗、对待。由句 中u or who had lost their hair, 可知，missing与10st意思接近，符合语境。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以七年前，当一个朋友透露她自己的孩子因为车祸而导致残疾时，苏珊，现 在49岁，知道什么可能会帮助这个年轻人度过这个潜在具有挑战性的时期。
43、A. interrupted打断、打扰； B. revealed 揭示、透露；C. changed 改变;D. regretted 后悔、遗憾。 由下文 that her child had been disabled because of a car accident”可知，这个朋友是讲述了她孩子残疾的状况，revealed符合语境。故选 Bo【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以七年前，当一个朋友透露她自己的孩子因为车祸而导致残疾时，苏珊， 现在49岁，知道什么可能会帮助这个年轻人度过这个潜在具有挑战性的时期。A. inspiring令人鼓舞的； B. precious珍贵的;C.
44、exciting令人兴奋的、令人激动的；D. challenging具有挑战性的。由前文“her child had been disabled because of a car accidentv可知，朋友的孩子因车祸而残疾，对孩子来说要想从痛苦 中走出来应该是一段非常艰难的过程，是具有挑战性的过程。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她手工制作了一个长得很像朋友孩子的玩偶并寄了出去。A. abandoned抛弃、 丢弃；B. approached 接近；C. resembled 类似、相像；D. repaired 修理。由下一段中 uin short, a doll that l
45、ooked like them.可知，她制作的娃娃都和孩子们很相像。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：消息传开了。A. Word单词、消息；B. Truth真相、实情；C. Rumor谣言；D. Confidence 信心。由前文“She crafted a doll by hand that 8 her friends child and sent it off” 可知，苏 珊做了一个和朋友孩子很像的布娃娃，结合下一句and soon Susan was making dolls for children with scars and birthmarks-in short, a
46、 doll that looked like them. ” （很快苏珊就在为由伤疤和胎记的孩子们制作玩偶- 总之，就是看起来和他们很像的布娃娃。）可知，大家得到了消息，都请她来制作。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她甚至放弃工作，开办了一个非盈利机构。Ao cherished珍惜；B. got得 到；C.quit放弃；D.did做。由本句“started a nonprofit, A Doll Like Me”可知，她开办了一个非盈利机 构，所以放弃现在的工作符合语境。故选C。【31题详解】考查过去分词词词义辨析。句意：从父母们或者看护者所发送的相片来看，每做一个玩偶，大概要花
47、她七 个小时的时间。A. expected被期待;B. sent被发送；C. donated被捐赠；D. earned被赚得。j结合空处前 后文可知，父母和看护者应该是拍下了她给孩子们做玩偶的照片或录像，然后发了出来，因此这里用“sent”符合语境。故选B。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：从父母们或者看护者所发送的相片来看，每做一个玩偶，大概要花她七个小时 的时间。A. unwillingly不情愿地；B. honestly诚实地；C. partly部分地;D. roughly粗略地、大体上。根 据照片来看制作的时间应该只是粗略地估计。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从她
48、开办非盈利机构，就不再收玩偶的费用了。A. charged收费；B. recognized认出、承认；C. recalled回忆；D. demanded要求。根据句中非盈利机构,不收费符合语境。 故选Ao【34题详解】考查名词短语词义辨析。句意:等待苏珊做私人订制玩偶的孩子的名单很长。A. comfort zone舒适区；B. bottom line 底线；C. waiting list 等候名单；D. top secret 最高机密。由前文 “ She hasnt 13 for a doll since she began her nonprofit.v可知，苏珊制作每一个玩偶都很认真，而且不收费，因此找她制作的人非常 多，需要排队等候。故选C。【35题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：每个孩子，不管他/她的性别、种族、年龄、身体健康状况或者体型，都应 该仔细看看玩偶甜美的脸庞，从而看到他们自己的模样。A. by comparison with与对比；B. in additionto 除之外；C. regardless of 不管、不顾；D. instead of 代替。由前文“She hasnt 13