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1、人教高中英语选修人教高中英语选修(xunxi)UnitInventorsandInventionsReading第一页，共60页。Warming upDiscuss in pairs which pictures show inventions and which show discoveries.An amphibious carStephensons“Rocket”DNA第1页/共58页第二页，共60页。What are the important inventions of the 20th century?Which do you think is the most important
2、 one?第2页/共58页第三页，共60页。Thomas Edison invented the electric bulb.第3页/共58页第四页，共60页。Did Edison invent electricity?Can electricity be invented?Is electricity an invention or discovery?Why?第4页/共58页第五页，共60页。2.Which of this pictures show inventions?Does any of them show discoveries?第5页/共58页第六页，共60页。Stephens
3、ons“Rocket”第6页/共58页第七页，共60页。Stephensons“Rocket”(1781-1848)Stephensons“Rocket”(1781-1848)George Stephenson was one of the first men to design engines for the railways which were new at that time.One of the first tracks to be laid was between Stockton and Darlington.Stephenson was one of the first rai
4、lway engineers and in 1825 he drove the first train along the line.第7页/共58页第八页，共60页。An amphibious car第8页/共58页第九页，共60页。An amphibious An amphibious car(2003)car(2003)This is the first car that can travel safely on water and on land.When moving on water,the wheels of the car turn sideways and move into
5、 the body.The underneath of the car is strong enough to sail as a boat.It is a prototype and is not yet being produced for sale.This is an interesting modern invention.第9页/共58页第十页，共60页。DNA第10页/共58页第十一页，共60页。The structure of The structure of DNADNAThis was a discovery of Francis Crick and James Watso
6、n and published in 1953.These two scientists were the first to show that our genes consist of two spirals of DNA(called the double-helix).This work led directly to the human genome project in 2003,which discovered the Structure of DNA.第11页/共58页第十二页，共60页。伽利略的望远镜伽利略的望远镜牛顿牛顿(ni dn)制造的反射望远镜制造的反射望远镜X射线广泛
7、用于医学射线广泛用于医学(yxu)领域领域第12页/共58页第十三页，共60页。谷腾堡发明谷腾堡发明(fmng)的印刷机的印刷机英国钟表匠阿克莱特发明英国钟表匠阿克莱特发明(fmng)的水力纺纱机的水力纺纱机第13页/共58页第十四页，共60页。3.Work out rules that will help you decide what is discovery and what is an invention?(1)A discovery is A discovery merely makes known A discovery merely makes known something t
8、hat already exist in something that already exist in nature,such as the discovery on the nature,such as the discovery on the New Continent by Columbia.New Continent by Columbia.第14页/共58页第十五页，共60页。(2)An invention is something that created by human something that created by human being,such as the lig
9、hting rod.being,such as the lighting rod.第15页/共58页第十六页，共60页。Give your examples of each category and fill in the blanks.Work out theconnections between them.第16页/共58页第十七页，共60页。DiscoveriesInventions1.Electricity 1.Systems of delivering electrical light and heating to homes and offices2.Household machi
10、nes for washing,ironing,keeping food cold,etc3.Computers,telephones,television,etc第17页/共58页第十八页，共60页。DiscoveriesInventions2.The movement of air1.Airplane jet engines2.Air balloons,etcMachines to help people with serious disease(like kidney failure)3.The circulation of the blood第18页/共58页第十九页，共60页。Dis
11、coveriesInventions4.X-rays1.Body scanners to see whether you are ill2.Machines to treat illnesses(like cancer)Discoveries often lead to inventions.第19页/共58页第二十页，共60页。4.In pairs discuss any modern 4.In pairs discuss any modern inventions you know.Describe inventions you know.Describe them to your par
12、tner and explain them to your partner and explain how they changed peoples how they changed peoples lives.lives.第20页/共58页第二十一页，共60页。television 1923 colour television 1940第21页/共58页第二十二页，共60页。photocopier 1937air conditioner 1902第22页/共58页第二十三页，共60页。electronic digital computer 1942第23页/共58页第二十四页，共60页。At
13、omic bomb 1945第24页/共58页第二十五页，共60页。Credit cards 1950第25页/共58页第二十六页，共60页。Penicillin 1928第26页/共58页第二十七页，共60页。Do you know the stages every inventor must go through before they can have their invention approved?Inventing is a scientific activity and so follows similar stages to those used in research.Wor
14、k out a suitable order.Pre-reading 第27页/共58页第二十八页，共60页。1.Applying for a patent2.Finding a problem 3.Doing research 4.Testing the solution 5.Thinking of a creative solution 6.Deciding on the invention 第28页/共58页第二十九页，共60页。Patent office(Patent office(专利局专利局专利局专利局)plays the role of)plays the role of dec
15、iding what is an invention and what is deciding what is an invention and what is not.And only inventions can get patens not.And only inventions can get patens and so be recognized and protected.and so be recognized and protected.patentspatents第29页/共58页第三十页，共60页。ReadingThe problem of the snakes第30页/共
16、58页第三十一页，共60页。Skim the whole passage and get the Skim the whole passage and get the main idea:main idea:The text narrates _ and presents _and applying for _.the problem of the the problem of the snakes snakes the procedures of catching the procedures of catching them them a patent第31页/共58页第三十二页，共60页
17、。Divide the passage into several parts and find out the main idea for each paragraph.Part 1(para.1)the discovery of the problem of the snakes第32页/共58页第三十三页，共60页。Part 2(para.2)Doing some research about the habits of snakesPart 3(para.3)Deciding on the solution第33页/共58页第三十四页，共60页。Part 4(para.4-6)the a
18、ttempts to catch the snakesPart 5(para.7-8)the requirements of getting a patent第34页/共58页第三十五页，共60页。I.Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks.Finding a problemSnakes came near my mothers house now and then and she wanted me to get rid of them without _ them.Doing researchI set out to research
19、the _ of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them.harminghabits第35页/共58页第三十六页，共60页。Thinking of a creative solutionThree possible approaches:removing the snakes_ attracting the snakes into a _ using male or female perfume or food _ the snakes so that they would become sleepy and could be easily ca
20、ughtI decided to use the _ approach.habitattrapcoolinglast/third第36页/共58页第三十七页，共60页。Testing the solutionThree attempts:putting the frozen bowl over the snakes habitat early in the morning putting the frozen bowl over the snakes habitat _ putting the frozen bowl over the snakes habitat in the evening
21、 and carrying a small _ to collect them the next morningThe third attempt was a success.in the eveningnet第37页/共58页第三十八页，共60页。Applying for a_ The patent office makes a search to check that your product really is _ from everyone elses.Patent examiners examine whether your claim is _ or not.Your applic
22、ation for a patent will be published _ months from the date you apply if your claim passes all the tests.patentdifferentvalid18第38页/共58页第三十九页，共60页。1.How did the writer catch the snakes?()A.using something the snakes were interested to attract them into a trap.B.taking their habitat to another place.
23、C.placing the snakes at a low temperature for them to sleep and then caught them.D.All the above.CII.Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.第39页/共58页第四十页，共60页。2.The writer was successful to catch the snakes in _ attempt.A.the first B.the second C.the third D.everyC第40页/共58页第四十一页，共60页。3.T
24、he following are used in the 3.The following are used in the three attempts EXCEPT _.three attempts EXCEPT _.A.perfumeB.a bowlC.jelly D.ice-cubesA第41页/共58页第四十二页，共60页。4.Why did cooling the snakes make them less active?()A.Because snakes are warm-blooded animals.B.Because snakes like high temperature.
25、C.Because snakes are reptiles and their body temperature depends on the heat around them.C第42页/共58页第四十三页，共60页。5.Which of the following may get a 5.Which of the following may get a patent according to the text?patent according to the text?A.A computer programme.B.A new animal variety.C.A work of lite
26、rature.D.A truly novel and useful invention.D第43页/共58页第四十四页，共60页。6.The purpose in writing this text isA.to show us how to trap the snakes but not to kill themB.to tell people how to apply for a patent of the writers new ideaC.to introduce the writers new idea of trapping the snakes and her applicati
27、on for a patentD.to tell the readers how to get a new D.to tell the readers how to get a new idea and make it a patentidea and make it a patent第44页/共58页第四十五页，共60页。7.The biggest advantage of the writers 7.The biggest advantage of the writers new idea is that:new idea is that:A.it makes the snakes mov
28、e slowlyA.it makes the snakes move slowlyB.it makes the snakes hardly bite usB.it makes the snakes hardly bite usC.it is easier for us to kill the snakes C.it is easier for us to kill the snakes without hurting ourselveswithout hurting ourselvesD.it is easier for us to catch the snakes without killi
29、ng them第45页/共58页第四十六页，共60页。8.Which statement is true according to the text?8.Which statement is true according to the text?A.The snakes were so sleepy in the second attempt that they couldnt bite the writer at all.B.Your product must be different from everybody elses if you want to receive a patent.
30、C.The writer decided to send her invention to the patent office the moment she succeeded in catching the snakes.D.If an application for your product proves to be valid,you can get a patent immediately.第46页/共58页第四十七页，共60页。The mother was upset The mother was upset because a family of snakes because a
31、family of snakes had made their home near the had made their home near the house.house.1).What was the mother upset about?III.Read and answer the questions.第47页/共58页第四十八页，共60页。The writer was happy because it The writer was happy because it gave her an opportunity to help gave her an opportunity to h
32、elp her mother and invent something her mother and invent something to catch the snakes without to catch the snakes without hurting them at the same time.hurting them at the same time.2).Why was the writer happy to help her mother?第48页/共58页第四十九页，共60页。3).What are the three creative steps 3).What are
33、the three creative steps that the writer takes to catch the that the writer takes to catch the snakes without hurting them?snakes without hurting them?Step 1:She bought a stainless ice cream maker and froze the bowl.She added ice cubes to the top of the bowl to keep it cold.She placed it over the sn
34、akes habitat during the day so that the snakes would become sleepy and could be easily caught.第49页/共58页第五十页，共60页。Step 2:As above she did the same but placed the bowls over the snakes habitat in the evening.Step 3:As above but added a net to catch the snakes.第50页/共58页第五十一页，共60页。4).Why did cooling mak
35、e the snakes 4).Why did cooling make the snakes less less active?Snakes do not have a way of keeping Snakes do not have a way of keeping warm in their bodies.They get warmth warm in their bodies.They get warmth from the sun and become more active at from the sun and become more active at this time.W
36、hen the sun goes down at this time.When the sun goes down at night they cool down and become less night they cool down and become less active.So extra cooling to the snake active.So extra cooling to the snake would make them even less active and easier to catch.第51页/共58页第五十二页，共60页。1.Whats the writin
37、g purpose of the writer?2.What should we learn from this text?第52页/共58页第五十三页，共60页。1.Whats the writing purpose of the writer?The writer wants to inform us of the scientific methods to solve present problems so that we students can not only broaden the horizons but become more skilled in discovering a
38、nd considering carefully the problems in daily life.We are also encouraged by the writer to be creative and hardworking as well as thinking independently.第53页/共58页第五十四页，共60页。2.What should we learn from this text?We can learn from the text the way of doing scientific researches and how to apply for a
39、 patent.We can also learn that it takes an inventor great determination persistence to achieve his or her ambition and persistence to achieve his or her ambition in life.第54页/共58页第五十五页，共60页。Apply what we learn:Apply what we learn:In pairs look at the following problems.Choose one and use the scienti
40、fic stages to design a new invention to solve it.Remember to include one change to your invention in case it doesnt work the first time.(This can be done after class.)(This can be done after class.)第55页/共58页第五十六页，共60页。Problem 1Problem 1:the apples growing on your the apples growing on your apple tre
41、e are too high for you to reach apple tree are too high for you to reach them.What can you invent to pick your them.What can you invent to pick your apples in comfort?apples in comfort?Problem 2Problem 2:You need to make a house but You need to make a house but you only have fishing nets and many pl
42、astic you only have fishing nets and many plastic bottles.How can you solve it?bottles.How can you solve it?Problem 3Problem 3:You want to catch fish but not You want to catch fish but not hurt them when you do so.Design a hurt them when you do so.Design a fishing rod that will solve this problem.fi
43、shing rod that will solve this problem.第56页/共58页第五十七页，共60页。Homework Write a passage about how to apply for a patent?第57页/共58页第五十八页，共60页。感谢您的观看感谢您的观看(gunkn)！第58页/共58页第五十九页，共60页。内容(nirng)总结人教高中英语选修(xunxi)UnitInventorsandInventionsReading。Stephensons“Rocket”(1781-1848)。An amphibious car(2003)。Part 2(para.2)。catch the snakes.。感谢您的观看第六十页，共60页。