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1、阅读理解的文章一般都选自国外的一些网站或者杂志，是原汁原味的美文，有些词汇和句式的难度较大。词汇运用灵活，高级词汇较多，同一词的不同词性的用法交替出现。句式复杂，长句、意思隐晦句、复合句较多，定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句出现频率较高。那么正确理解长难句式是做好阅读理解题的一个关键。英语阅读长难句的处理方法1. 较复杂单句的处理方法找主谓语，即找主干成分注意谓语动词：找到了谓语动词，就说明有句子存在。首先，如何寻找谓语动词呢？很简单，有时态变化的动词就一定是谓语。然后，顺着谓语动词往前找，如果有引导词存在，说明这个谓语动词所在的句子就是个从句，再根据句子成分判断这是哪种从句。At the pr
2、ess of a button, a microcomputer locks all other floors chute(道) doors and sets the recycling container turning until the right box comes under the chute.【解析】此句的主语为a microcomputer，也有两个谓语，即locks 和sets。However, many scientists who specialize in ageing are doubtful about it and say the human body is ju
3、st not designed to last past about 120 years.【解析】此句的主语为many scientists，主语里面包含了一个由who引导的定语从句。主句有两个谓语，即are doubtful和say，say后面又包含了一个宾语从句。2. 复合句的处理方法找连接词注意并列连词或从属连词：常见的并列连词有and ,but ,yet ,or ,so ,for ,not onlybut also看到这些单词或短语，一般就有并列结构存在，并且很可能存在着省略问题。一般从句是由引导词来引导的。所以找到引导词就找到了从句，再根据引导词前的单词确定其是什么从句。Consum
4、ers seem only concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economys long term prospects even as they do some modest belt tightening.【解析】该句是一个并列句，and后面的分句比较复杂，主干为manysay，后接宾语从句theyremainlong termprospects。evenas引导一个让步状语从句。Whether you get along well with your professors or no
5、t has a huge effect on your self-growth as it is a measure of how well you can respect authority and obey requirements.【解析】此句为复合句，句中whether引导主语从句，as 引导原因状语从句，how well 引导从句作介词of 的宾语。3. 去枝叶1) 注意定语与同位语一般的长句子中，名词后只要不是谓语动词，一般都有修饰限定成分，即定语或同位语。也就是说，我们只要能寻找到名词且名词后不是谓语动词，就可确定其后的内容是用来修饰或解释前面的名词的。Today, surrou
6、nded by promises of easy happiness, we need art to tell us, as religion once did, Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. Its a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh
7、 air.【解析】主干结构是we need art to tell us，过去分词结构（surrounded by promises of easy happiness）作状语，注意Memento mori是作直接宾语，而us则是间接宾语。冒号后面的句子是Memento mori的同位语。另外，as religion once did作结果状语。2) 注意非谓语动词要作谓语，若不作谓语，就可能在句中以分词、动名词或不定式的形式出现。First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the 17th century
8、, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Eco-lab Polytechnique.【解析】本句夹杂分词短语、动名词及两个定语从句。“First put forward by the Fren
9、ch mathematician Pierre de Format in the 17th century”为过去分词短语作状语;“including.”为介词短语作状语;“who made.and who had to.”为两个并列的定语从句，修饰a French woman scientist。所以句子的主干为the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds此为主要信息。3) 注意介词或介词短语有介词一般都会有介词短语，在句子中充当表语、定语、状语等。Such behaviour is regarded as
10、“all too human”, with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of complaint.【解析】主句是Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human”，介词短语with the underlying作伴随状语，而that引导同位语从句解释前面的名词assumption。4) 注意插入语Some companies have made the manufacturing of cl
11、ean and safe products, to some degree, their main selling points and emphasize it in their advertising.【解析】本句是一个“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型“make + 宾语 + 宾补”，即“使成为”，只不过宾语和宾补被 “to some degree”隔开而已。But what we forget - what our economy depends on us forgetting - is that happiness is more than pleasure without pa
12、in. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment.【解析】在第一句中，主语是一个主语从句，破折号中间的成分是插入语。在第二句中，主语 (The things) 后面跟了一个定语从句。4. 识别省略现象及特殊句型Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn
13、t know for sure? That the evidence was inconclusive, the science uncertain? That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way?【解析】这里有三个问句，第一个问句的结构比较明了，而后两个问句则省略了Do you remember insisted，只有两个由that引导的宾语从句。注意英语中，常会省略并列结构中的相同成分。Television is one
14、of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed - and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe.【解析】本句由两个并列句组成。第一分句包含一个定语从句，句子的主干为television is one of the means。第二个分句是一个倒装句。【课堂精练】1. The fact that members of one
15、 culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions.【解析】本句的主干为The fact does not mean that .，其中，that they do not experience emotions 是从句作mean 的宾语。that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members
16、of another 为fact 的同位语从句，其中as do members of another 是状语从句，助动词do 位于主语members of another 前形成倒装，主语后省略了express their emotions。2. We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages.【解析】 句子
17、的主干为We are obliged to them。because引导一个原因状语从句，其中又包含一个由as引导的原因状语从句。在as从句里，主语是the people，后面跟着三个由不同的谓语动词组成的并列结构：died out，became assimilated和lost their native languages。3. He came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and tha
18、t the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society.【解析】句子的主干为He came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism。which引导限制性定语从句，修饰linguistic determinism。在由which引导的定语从句中，谓语动词states跟了两个宾语从句，一是that language imprisons the mind，一是and that the gr
19、ammatical patternssociety。4. Economists from the University of Sussex analyzed findings from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a 15-year research project charting the fortunes of a group of thousands of teenagers who attended high schools in the US in the mid-1990s.【解析】句子主干为Econo
20、mists analyzed findings。from the University of Sussex 作economists 的定语；from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health 作findings的定语；a 15-year research project作the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health 的同位语；charting . 作project 的定语；who引导定语从句修饰teenagers。5. Declaring that he was oppo
21、sed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans, he ordered that federal funds not be used for such an experiment - although no one had proposed to do so and asked an independent panel of experts chaired by Princeton President Harold Shapiro to report back to the White House in
22、90 days with recommendations for a national policy on human cloning.【解析】 此句中的谓语形式的动词及其对应的主语有： was opposed -he; ordered-he; (should) not be used -federal-funds; had proposed - no one; asked-he (asked前面有and, 说明asked与前面某个谓语动词并列，根据逻辑意义asked应与ordered并列)。这一句的主干为 “he ordered. asked .”, “Declaring that.”作状语。4学科网（北京）股份有限公司