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1、中考英语阅读理解长难句分析策略及练习一、长难句类型：1. 句中出现多个连词，句法关系复杂；2. 非谓语动词形式较多；3. 含有多个同位语或同位语从句，而且较长；4. 从句较多，句中套句；5. 主干中穿插多个插入语或从句；6. 句中有省略倒装强调等二、分析策略：首先要搞清楚句子的整体结构到底是简单句、并列句还是复合句。方法一：较复杂简单句找主干成分，即找主谓宾1. The best way to learn English well is to practise it every day.2. Some companies have made the manufacturing of clean
2、 and safe products their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising.3. The action group has also found acceptable paper made from materials other than wood, such as agricultural waste.方法二：并列句找并列连词，分成两个简单句处理1. Miss Germaines mother looked anxious through the wedding and Mr. Cordells par
3、ents are reported to be less than delighted.方法三：主从复合句找从属连词，先理解主句1. A womans closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage，while it wasnt unusual to hear a man say that he didnt know his friends marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if h
4、e could sleep on the sofa.2. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us.方法四：并列和主从复合句并存先找并列连词，判断并列成分，再分析主从复合句1. I have known changes for the better and changes for the worse, but I have never qu
5、estioned the fact that whether I liked it or not, change was unavoidable.2. So dont be surprised if you never encounter some of the expressions that still appear in school textbooks, and next time you hear somebody using a strange word you havent heard before, you can comfort yourself that there may
6、 well be a native speaker somewhere who doesnt know it either.方法总结：看标点，找连词，审谓动，定主干三、案例分析：Loneliness has been linked to depression（抑郁）and other health problems. Now, a study says it can also spread. A friend of a lonely person was fifty-two percent more likely to develop feelings of loneliness. And a
7、 friend of that friend was twenty-five percent more likely to do the same. Earlier findings showed that happiness, obesity(肥胖) and the ability to stop smoking can also spread like infections within social groups. The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham, Mas
8、sachusetts. The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then, more tests have been added, including measures of loneliness and depression. The new findings involved more than five thousand people in the second generation of the Framingham Heart Study. The researchers ex
9、amined friendship histories and reports of loneliness. The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends. For example, loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors. The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time to
10、gether. The study also found that loneliness spreads more easily among women than men.The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about forty-eight days a year. The study found that having a lonely friend can add about seventeen days. But every additional friend can decrease lone
11、liness by two and a half days.Lonely people become less and less trusting of others. This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends and more likely that society will reject（排斥）them. John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago led the study. He says it is important to recognize and dea
12、l with loneliness. He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks. 1. As an average person, if you make 2 more friends, how many days a year might you suffer from loneliness?A. 48 days. B. 43 days. C. 65 days. D. 17 days.2. What can we
13、 infer （推断）from the passage about lonely people?A. They can overcome loneliness themselves.B. They will decrease loneliness day by day.C. They need help to get back to normal social life.D. They can help others to repair their social networks.3. Whats the best way to help lonely people according to
14、this passage?A. Bring them together. B. Make friends with them. C. Help them stop smoking. D. Help them loose weight.4. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Loneliness And Social Net Work B. Social Networks And FriendshipC. Loneliness And DietD. Help A Lonely Person四、练习S
15、ome people like the freedom of driving their own car. But others find driving to be inconvenient or even dangerous. Luckily, the driverless cars weve seen in movies and TV shows are on the way here.The first driverless car to hit the screen was Herbie. Herbie could drive by himself and even talk to
16、his human friends. KITT was another driverless car that appeared on the 1980s TV show Knight Rider. KITT could drive itself and help its rider Michael Knight catch criminals.While the driverless cars of today cant talk to us, they do have many similarities to the ones weve seen on screen. Nearly eve
17、ry large car company is working on their own autonomous vehicle (AV). Tesla, for example, has developed a driver-assistance system for its cars called Tesla Autopilot.Tesla Autopilot can complete many of the tasks that human drivers usually do. It can make sure that your car is centered in the corre
18、ct lane (车道), as well as park itself and stop if it thinks that an accident might happen. Googles sister company Waymo seems to be leading the way in the AV area. Its self-driving cars are already being used for taxi services in the US city of Phoenix. It uses common cameras to determine distance, w
19、hich allows the cars to get around without risk of crashing (撞车).Although companies are making great progress in developing AV, there is still a lot of work to be done. Year after year, companies like Tesla, General Motors, and Toyota promise that fully self-driving cars will become widely available
20、. But nearly all of these promises have fallen through.One of the problems is that designing a self-driving car that is safe and easy to use is much harder than people realize. Self-driving cars have to analyze (分析) millions of data points in order to prevent accidents. Humans are used to doing this
21、 but designing an AI that can work like human mind to make a decision quickly is very difficult.However, new technologies like 5G and faster computer processors will make the process faster. As these technologies develop, fully self-driving cars will come closer to reality.1What can Tesla Autopilot
22、do? AIt can talk to humans. BIt can chase criminals. CIt can stop at any time. DIt can finish many tasks.2. What do we know about Waymos driverless cars?AThey are used as taxis in Phoenix, US.BThey require human backup drivers.CThey use cameras to discover other cars.DThey crash into other cars from
23、 time to time.3What is the story mainly focused on?AReasons for inventing driverless cars.BThe development of driverless cars.CDriverless technology in TV and movies.DTV shows that feature advanced technology.4According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?AThere is still a long way to
24、 go in developing autonomous vehicle.BThe first driverless car could drive himself but couldnt talk to humans.CWaymos self-driving cars are already being used for taxi services in the US.DAlmost every major car company is working on their own autonomous vehicle.5It can be inferred (推断) from the pass
25、age that _.Afully self-driving cars will be put into use in the futureBself-driving cars have been widely used in our daily lifeCself-driving cars will be sold at much higher prices than nowDfully self-driving cars that are safe and easy to use are available now Are robots going to take over the wor
26、ld? This was one of the biggest fears people had about the development of technology. But since then, those fears have been largely replaced by COVID-19. Now, more and more people are beginning to regard robots as a useful way for social distancing problems.Robots have been used for years, even thou
27、gh you might not connect these tasks with robots ATMs in banks are common examples of everyday robots. There are many companies using robots even before the pandemic(疫情). Robots have also been used for tasks considered dangerous.Among COVID-19 conditions new robots are being tested in many fields. A
28、t McDonalds and other fast-food restaurants, robots are being tied as waiters and even cooks. Restaurants are using robots to send their food safely to homes of old people because theyre at high risk from COVID-19. Disinfection(消毒) robots have been developed to fight against COVID-19 in Qingdao, Sha
29、ndong Province. They can replace human beings in carrying on the responsibility of disinfection. These newly developed disinfection robots have been put into operations in the quarantine wards(隔离病房) of some hospitals.The arguments against robots include the loss of human jobs and the idea that machi
30、nes could control our lives. But now that COVID-19 has changed the world, more people will likely be accepting robots. The situation now is showing us how technology can be used to improve the world.1What problems do people regard robots as a useful way?ATaking over the world.BCleaning up the hospit
31、als.CSocial distancing problems.DTaking care of the patients.2Where can we find ATMs the everyday robots?AAt home.BIn the library.COn the train.DIn the bank.3Why are restaurants using robots to send their food to homes of elderly people?ABecause they dont want to eat in the restaurants. BBecause the
32、yre at high risk from COVID-19.CBecause they dont have enough money. DBecause their children arent at home.4In which city were disinfection (消毒) robots developed to fight against COVID-19?AGuangzhou.BChangchun.CShandong.DBeijing.5What kind of work can robots probably do instead of people?ADangerous work.BInterestingCExciting work.DSurprising work.