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1、20202020 届怀柔区北房中学高三英语期末考试试卷及答案届怀柔区北房中学高三英语期末考试试卷及答案第一部分第一部分阅读（共两节，满分阅读（共两节，满分4 40 0 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 1515 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项A ASome young people win attention because of their good looks or their singing ability.A much smaller numbergain fame because th
2、ey have done something important and worthwhile with their abilities.Rishab Jain is amongthe latter.In 2018,13-year-oldRishab developed a way to use AItechnology to help pancreatic(胰腺的)cancerpatients and won the3MYoung Scientist Challenge,a nationwide middle-school science competition,and its$25,000
3、 prize.In the last stage of the contest,Rishab competed againstnine other finalists at the 3M Innovation Center(创新中心)in St.Paul,Minnesota.Leading up to the big meet,each finalist had partnered with a scientist to furtherdevelop their inventions.Rishab explains what led him to create his invention.Fi
4、rst,a family friend died of cancer.Then Rishab learnedabout how deadly pancreatic cancer is,and that its low survival rate is due to how difficult it is to treat.Im alsointo programming,so I was learning about AI technology.I decided to try to solve a real-world problem using it.His winnings have be
5、en put in further research and in his nonprofit Samyak Science Society,which helps poorchildren enter the STEM(science,technology,engineering and math)education.Rishab is also raising awarenessabout pancreatic cancer.These efforts make him quite different from teenagers of his age.Considering becomi
6、nga biomedical engineer or a doctor 一 or both,he has also put some money aside to further his own learning.Almost certainly the doors of higher education will open wide to him before he even knocks.Thats an outstanding outlook for one so young.Rashib is committed to helping very sick people in need.
7、Heis also providing teenagers of his age with a much-needed model of what kinds of things youth can achieve.1.What can we learn about the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2018?A.It was intended to solve medical problems.B.It was a nationwide AI competition for teenagers.C.It offered the finalists an
8、opportunity to work with scientists.D.It allowed the finalists to learn AI technology in the 3M center.2.How did Rishab win the 3M Young Scientist Challenge?A.He showed excellent programming ability.B.He figured out the survival rate of pancreatic cancer.C.He introduced poor children to STEM educati
9、on.D.He applied AI technology to treating pancreatic cancer.3.Which of the following best describes Rishab?A.Talented and caring.B.Independent and humorous.C.Responsible and patient.D.Polite and inspiring.BIf youre looking for a reason to care about tree loss,this summers record-breaking heat waves
10、might be it.Trees can lower summer daytime temperatures by as much as 10 degrees Fahrenheit,according to arecent study.But tree cover in US cities is shrinking(缩减).A study published last year by the US Forest Service found that welost 36 million trees annually from urban and rural communities over a
11、 five-year period.“If we continue on thispath,cities will become warmer,more polluted and generally unhealthier for inhabitants,”said David Nowak,asenior US Forest Service scientist and co-author of the study.Nowak says there are many reasons why our treecover is declining,including hurricanes,torna
12、does,fires,insects and disease.But the one reason for tree loss thathumans can control is sensible development.Nowak says there is a downside to trees too,such as pollen allergy(花粉过敏)or large tailing branches instorms,and people dont like sweeping leaves.But,he says,there are ways cities and countie
13、s can manage treesto help communities thrive(繁荣).Urban forests especially need our help to replace fallen trees.Unlike ruralareas,it is very difficult for trees to repopulate themselves in a city environment with so much pavement andasphalt(沥青).“A lot of our native trees cant actually find a place t
14、o drop a seed so they can regenerate,”explainsGreg Levine,co-executivedirector of Trees Atlanta.“Thats why the community has to go in and actually plant atree because the areas just arent natural anymore.”Nowak says the first step is caring for the trees on your own property(财产).“We think we pay for
15、 our house,and sowe must maintain it.But because wedont pay for nature,we dont need to.And thats not necessarilytrue.”4.Why does the author mention“trees can lower summer daytime temperatures”?A.To tell the temperatures in summer are high.B.To explain the reason of tree loss.C.To tell trees are help
16、ful.D.To introduce the topic.5.How can humans control tree loss according to Nowak?A.Develop cities in reasonable ways.B.Prevent fires form damaging trees.C.Improve climate to let trees grow.D.Decrease insects in cities.6.Why do forests in cities need our help?A.Because trees dont grow in a city env
17、ironment.B.Because native trees dont drop seeds any more.C.Because trees in urban areas cant regenerate naturally.D.Because humans want to plant more trees.7.What is the purpose of this passage?A.Describe the importance of trees in cities.B.Appeal people to protect trees in their surroundings.C.Ask
18、people to plant trees with the author.D.Show the number of trees in theUSis declining.CIve been putting my passport to good use lately.I use it asa coaster and to level unsteady table legs.It makesan excellent cat toy.Welcome to the pandemic(疫情)of disappointments.Canceled trips or ones never planned
19、 in case theywould be canceled.Family reunions,study-abroad years,lazy beach vacations.Poof.Gone.Ruined by a tiny virus,the list of countries where our passports are not welcome is long.It is not natural for us to be this sedentary(定居的).Travel is in our genes.For most of the time our specieshas exis
20、ted,weve lived as nomadic(游牧的)hunter-gatherers.But what if we cant move?Whats a traveler to do?There are ways to answer that question.Despair,though,is not one of them.We are an adaptive species.We can tolerate brief periods of forced sedentariness.We pass the days glancingthrough old travel journal
21、s and Instagram posts.We gaze at souvenirs.All this helps.For a while.Then,what hopedo we have?I think hope lies in the very nature of travel.Travel involves wishful thinking.It demands a leap of faith,and ofimagination,to board a plane for some faraway,land.Travel is one of the few activities we en
22、gage in not knowingthe outcome and are drunk in that uncertainty.Nothing is more forgettable than the trip that goes exactly asplanned.Thats one reason why I have faith in travels future.In fact,Id argue travel is an essential activity.Its notessential the way hospitals and grocery stores are essent
23、ial.Travel is essential the way books and hugs areessential.Food for the soul.Right now,were between courses,enjoying where weve been,expecting where wellgo.Maybe itsZanzibarand maybe its the campground down the road that youve always wanted to visit.8.From the first paragraph we learn that the auth
24、or is _.A.desperateB.humorousC.boredD.worried9.From the authors perspective,whats the point of travel?A.To feel hopeful.B.To make a wish.C.To take adventures.D.To broaden horizons.10.How is the passage mainly developed?A.By showing evidences.B.By providing examples.C.By making comparisons.D.By inter
25、preting opinions.11.What does the passage mainly talk about?A.Where to go for a trip.B.Why people need to travel.C.How to fight the pandemic.D.What people should do at home.DBy mid-century there will likely be 9 billion people on the planet,using ever more resources and leading evermore technologica
26、lly complex lives.What will our cities be like?How much will artificialintelligence(AI)advance?Will global warming cause disastrous changes,or will we be able to engineer our way out of the climate changeissues?Recently,the magazineBig Thinkasked top minds from a variety of fieldsto weigh in on what
27、 the futureholds 40 years from now.The result is as follows.Its likely that by 2050 the majority of the people in the world will live in urban areas and will have a muchhigher average age than people today.Cities theorist Richard thinks urbanization will transform the educationsystem of,making our e
28、conomy less houses driven and removing the divisions between home and work.And rapidly advancing technology will continue ever more rapidly.Cities of the future wont look like“somesort of science-fiction fantasy”,but its likely that technological advances and information overlays(VR and AR)willgreat
29、ly change how we live.Self-driving cars will make the roads safer and provide faster transports.A largerversion of driverless cars-driverless trucks may make long-distance drivers out of date.Some long view predictions are completelydire.Environmentalist Bill says that if we dont make greatprogress
30、in fighting global warming,its likely we could see out-of-control rises in sea levels,huge crop shortfallsand wars over limited freshwater resources.In terms of how we will eat,green markets founder and“real food supporter Nina believes that there will bemore small milk processing plants and more re
31、gional food operations and well be healthier as a result.New YorkTimeswriter Mark thinks that people will eat fewer processed foods and eat foods grown closer to where they live.And more people will be aware of the ethical responsibility to grow foods.12.What may happen by 2050 based on the magazine
32、Big Think?A.Education will be driven by economy.B.The majority of people will be taller.C.AI will cause disastrous changes.D.Most people will live in big cities.13.What do we know about technology in the future according to Paragraph 3?A.It will make people live in science-fiction fantasy.B.It will
33、ensure safer transports due to faster cars.C.It will greatly change the way in which people live.D.It will increase the number of long-distance drivers.14.What does the underlined word dire in Paragraph 4 mean?A.Magical.B.Terrible.C.Ridiculous.D.Meaningful.15.What does Nina think of foods in the fut
34、ure?A.People will eat healthier and fresher foods.B.Land-raised farm systems will be improved.C.There will be smaller regional food operations,D.Food supplies will become much more limited.第二节（共第二节（共 5 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 1 10 0 分）分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项The Things That Ke
35、ep Us From SucceedingWe have always been told not to fear failure because it is essential to success.So we should embrace failureor at least the possibility of failure._16_.If youre not reaching the kind of success you imagine，one or moreof the following things might well be true of you，too.NO.1:You
36、 dont have a goal.A lot of time we find ourselves struggling through a day-to-day routine that isntgetting us anywhere because we dont know where we want to go.Sometimes we had goals when we setourselves on a particular path，but weve changed along the way and those goal s are no longer thatimportant
37、._17_，figuring out what your goals are is important.NO.2:You dont have a vision.Setting goals is important but isnt enough to drive you to the finish line；itsimportant，too，to be able to imagine yourself as the achiever of your goals.If goal s are the end result of a journey，your vision is the fuel t
38、o get you there.NO.3:You dont have a plan.If goals are your destination and a vision is your fuel，your plan is the map to getyou there._18_.The world is full of people with goals they have never accomplished because they didnt havea plandont be one of them.NO4:Youre too certain or not certain enough
39、.Too much certainty creates inflexibility.If youre sure that yourplan is correct，and refuse to accept the possibility of error，you may well find yourself stuck when an unexpectedchange comes about.However strong your plan and however sure you are of your goals，make room for periodicreassessment._19_
40、.If you refuse to take a step because you arent positive that it will move you towards success，youwont make any better progress than if you had no goals at a11.Keep your eyes open and be willing to change，buthave faith in yourself，too.NO.5:_20_.Often we close ourselves off from other people not beca
41、use were afraid that they willinfluence us but that we will influence them.We are afraid that our brilliant ideas will be taken up by someoneelse and no longer be solely ours.So we avoid sharing our passions，and spend our energy jealously guarding our“secret”rather than simply moving forward.In the
42、end，we turn our passions into burdens that are difficult tocarry instead of a joy.A.Whatever the caseB.Whatever the causeC.You worry about being copiedD.You dont learn from your mistakesE.At the same time，too little certainty will fail youF.However，fear isnt the only thing that keeps us from succeed
43、ingG.Without it，you have no idea what immediate steps to take to achieve your goals第二部分第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分语言运用（共两节，满分4545 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 2020 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 21.5 分，满分 30 分)During my lifetime,Ive learnt something important:it
44、s good to learn new skills outside of your comfort zone.About seven years ago,I started learning how to paintas a_21_.I was pretty terrible.Everythinglooked_22_,and my color1 s were totally off.My friends and colleagues suggested that I stop_23_mytime on something I wasnt good at.“_24_on your day jo
45、b,”they said.I kept at it practicing,taking classes,finding the right_25_who could guide me.I am now_26_“good”.Today,the same friends say I wasborn with this_27_.The same thing_28_when I started piano and singing lessons a couple of years ago.Comments shiftedfrom,“Stop wasting your time and focus on
46、 what you know,”to“Youve got a musical gene(基因).”These_29_originate from long-held beliefs that growth is usually not possible for adults.Even whenthere is evidence of learning,it can be_30_to inborntalent.Most scientific studies on adulthood focus on cognitive decline(认知下降),rather than_31_,suggesti
47、ng that even scientists may think that development is limited in adulthood.A few recent studies suggestthat_32_new skills,such as photography,for even three months may strengthen the functioning of thebrain in adults.I would take these studies one step further to argue that a(n)_33_cause of cognitiv
48、e decline is thefact that adults learn fewer new skills_34_to children.If we can_35_how to learn well as adults,then perhaps we can_36_cognitive decline.Adults are often_37_to go outside of their comfort zones.We fear looking_38_for makingmistakes;we fear failure could costus our jobs.Perhaps a reas
49、on why we suffer from cognitive decline is that wedo not engage in learning new skills for many years.To better communicate with my German friends,I am starting to learn German.Im_39_at the“listening and babbling(咿呀学语)”phase.Sure,some may laugh at an adult babbling,but I hope one day Ican_40_German
50、fluently,and inspire many other adults to learn like a baby.22.A.hobbyB.dreamC.jobD.measure23.A.perfectB.brightC.dullD.enjoyable24.A.takingB.wastingC.puttingD.getting25.A.CountB.DependC.FocusD.Congratulate26.A.friendsB.teachersC.colleaguesD.partners27.A.concludedB.realizedC.consideredD.described28.A