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1、20202020 届广州市矿泉中学高三英语期末考试试卷及答案届广州市矿泉中学高三英语期末考试试卷及答案第一部分第一部分阅读（共两节，满分阅读（共两节，满分4 40 0 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 1515 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项A AA medical capsule robot is a small,often pill-sized device that can do planned movement inside the body afterbeing swallowed o
2、r surgically inserted.Most models use wireless electronics or magnets or a combination of thetwo to control the movement of the capsule.Such devices have been equipped with cameras to allow observationand diagnosis,with sensors that“feel,”and even with mechanical needles that administer drugs.But in
3、 practice,Biomechatronics engineer Pietro Valdastri has found that developing capsule models fromscratch(从头开始)is costly,time-consuming and requires advanced skills.“The problem was we had to do themfrom scratch every time,”said Valdastri in an interview.“And other research groups were redeveloping t
4、hose samemodules from scratch,which didnt make sense.”Since most of the capsules have the same parts of components:a microprocessor,communicationsubmodules,an energy source,sensors,and actuators(致动器),Valdastri and his team made the modularplatform in which the pieceswork in concertand can be interch
5、anged with ease.They also developed a flexibleboard on which the component parts are snapped in like Legos.The board can be folded to fit the body of thecapsule,down to about 14 mm.Additionally,they compiled(编译)a library of components that designers couldchoose from,enabling hundreds of different co
6、mbinations.They arranged it all in a free online system.Designerscan take the available designs or adapt them to their specific needs.“Instead of redeveloping all the modules from scratch,people with limited technological experience can useour modules to build their own capsule robots in clinical us
7、e and focus on their innovation,”Valdastri said.Now,the team has designed a capsule equipped with a surgical clip to stop internal bleeding.Researchers atScotlands Royal Infirmary of Edinburg have also expressed interest in using the system to make a crawling capsulethat takes images of the colon(结肠
8、).One research group,led by professors at the Institute of Digestive Disease ofthe Chinese University of HongKong,is making a swimming capsule equipped with a camera that pushes itselfthrough the stomach.One limitation of Valdastris system is that its only for designing models.Researchers can confir
9、m theirhypotheses(假设)and do first design using the platform,but will need to move to a custom approach to developtheir capsules further and make them practical for clinical use.1.According to the passage,Valdastri and his team created the platform to _.A.adopt the latest technologiesB.make their rob
10、ots dream come trueC.help build specialized capsule robotsD.do preciser observation and diagnosis2.What does the underlined phrase“work in concert”mean in Para.3?A.Perform live.B.Run independently.C.Act in a cooperative way.D.Carry on step by step.3.What can be learnt from the passage?A.Valdastris s
11、ystem cant provide a complete capsule creation.B.The modular platform is more useful than a custom approach.C.The capsules can move in humans body automatically.D.It costs more to module the capsules on the board.BWater keeps us alive.When it runs out,we have a problem.About one out of four people o
12、n the planet are facing a shortage of water.Seventeen countries around theworld are dealing with high-water stress.This means they are using almost all the water they have access to.Manyare dry countries.Some waste much of their water.Some may currently use too much of their groundwater thatthey sho
13、uld be saving.Several big cities face acute shortages.These include Sao Paulo,Brazil;Chennai,India;andCape Town,South Africa.A year ago,Cape Town faced nay Zero-the day when all its dams would he dry.Climate change adds to the risk of water shortages.Rainfall isless steady.The water supply becomes l
14、essreliable.The days grow hotter.More water evaporates(蒸发)from lakes and rivers even as demand for waterincreases.By 2030,the number of cities in the high-stress category may have risen to 45 and include almost 470million people.All over the world,farmers compete with city residents for water.Rich u
15、rban places,such as Los Angeles,usetoo much water for pools and golf courses.But the worst problem is the growth of cities.Bangalore,India,forexample,had a few years with little rain.It built over its many lakes or filled them with city waste.The lakes are nolonger the rain water storage tanks they
16、once were.Bangalore now imports water.A lot of the imported water,however,gets lost on the way to Bangalore.To address this issue,what can be done?First,cities can plug leaks in their water distribution system.Wastewater can be recycled.Rain can be harvested and saved for hard times.Lakes and wetlan
17、ds can be cleanedup and old wells can be restored.And farmers can switch from water-intensive crops like rice to less-thirsty cropslike millet(小米).Experts are looking at ways to reduce the number of people on the planet.They are looking at ways to reducethe size of cities.They are looking for ways t
18、o encourage people,factories and farmers to use less water.4.What can we know from Paragraph 2?A.A quarter of the worlds population is living with water shortages.B.Nearly all countries are facing acute water shortages now.C.Underground water should he used to meet the water demand.D.Measures have b
19、een taken to deal with the water shortage in India.5.What is the main idea of the third paragraph?A.Rainfall is not as steady as before.B.Climate change may lead to water shortages.C.The water supply relies more on rainfall.D.Hotter weather changes the water demand.6.What can farmers do to deal with
20、 water shortage?A.Plug leaks in the water distribution system.B.Clean up lakes and wetlands and restore wells.C.Reduce the number of people in the cities.D.Grow less-water consumption crops instead.7.What will be discussed if the passage continues?A.How to prevent from climate change.B.How to inspir
21、e people to save water.C.How to recycle wastewater in citiesD.How to make people get access to clean water.CThese days,football is one of the most popular sports in the world.Given that Neil Armstrong wanted to takea football to the Moon,we could even say that it is also the most popular sport out o
22、f this world!The history ofthe game goes back over two thousand years to Ancient China.It was then known as cuju(kick ball),a game usinga ball of animal skins with hair inside.Goals were hung in the air.Football as we know it today started inGreatBritain,where the game was given new rules.That footb
23、all is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.It is also a game that is verycheap to play.You dont need expensive equipment;even the ball doesnt have to cost much money.All over theworld you can see kids playing to their hearts content with a ball made of plastic bags.Anot
24、her factor behind footballs global popularity is the creativity and excitement on the field.It is funenough to attract millions of people.You do not have to be a fan to recognize the skill of professional players or tofeel the excitement of a game ending with a surprising twist.Whats more,football h
25、as become one of the best ways for people to communicate:it does not requirewords,but everyone understands it.It breaks down walls and brings people together on and off the field.“Some people believe football is a matter of life and death,.”said Bill Shankly,the famous footballer andmanager.“I can t
26、ell you with certainty it is much,much more important than that.”This might sound funny,butone only has to think about the Earth to realize that our planet is shaped like a football.8.What can we know from paragraph one?A.Some people like to play football on the Moon.B.The game called cuju was given
27、 new rules today.C.Cuju is different from football as we know it today.D.Many people like playing a ball made of plastic bags.9.According to the author,there are _ reasons why football became so popular in the world.A.3B.4C.5D.610.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Football is round.B.Fo
28、otball is more than just a sport.C.Our planet is shaped like a football.D.What Bill Shankly said sounds funny.11.Whats the authors purpose in writing the passage?A.To talk about the history of football.B.To express his/her love of football.C.To explain why football is such a popular game.D.To prove
29、that he/she is a professional football fan.DPaper is one of our oldest,simplest and most important inventions.But it also presents a danger to the worldin two important ways.First,the making of paper requires the loss of many millions of trees each year.Andworldwide use of paper is expected to doubl
30、e in the next 40 years.Clearly,the planet cannot stand such a highrate of forest loss.The second great problem with paper is what happens once it is no longer useful.A largeamount of wastepaper ends up in landfills,where it can produce harmful gases and finally contribute to globalclimate change.One
31、 simple solution can greatly reduce both of these problems:paper recycling.Instead of cutting downtrees,recycle existing paper to feed the paper-making process.Paper is mainly made from cellulose(纤维素)，which can be used repeatedly in papermaking.Unfortunately,it also means that paper waste takes a su
32、rprisingly long time to break down in landfills.So far,trees are the onlysource(来源)of cellulose that can fill the great demand for paper products.Therefore,recycling paper is simplyone of the best ways to save trees.Thanks to advances in processing,recycled paper need not be the dark-color1edstuff m
33、any of us are familiar with.It now can offer the same print performance as non-recycled paper.Effective recycling requires a continuous effort from everyone at all levels of society.The way to begin is witheducation and understanding.Once enough people realize the need for recycling,more effective r
34、ecycling systemscan be developed.The need is real.The massive loss of trees affects everybody on earth.Everyone should do their part torecycle paper and encourage government and industry to do the same.The world will be a better place for it!12.What can we infer from the text?A.The use of recycled p
35、aper will double in 40 years.B.Recycling paper helps relieve global climate change.C.Wastepaper can easily break down in landfills.D.There are not enough landfills for wastepaper.13.What makes recycled paper more acceptable?A.The great demand of trees.B.The low processing cost.C.Its dark-color1 ed f
36、eature.D.Its improved print performance.14.What does the author propose?A.Punishing the act of cutting trees.B.Recycling paper.C.Improving recycling system.D.Promoting paper industry.15.How is the text mainly developed?A.By analyzing causes and effects.B.By offering research plans and data.C.By disc
37、ussing problems and solutions.D.By comparing strengths and weaknesses.第二节（共第二节（共 5 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 1 10 0 分）分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Life on Mars:Is it really possible?Now that Curiosity is beamingback Earth-like pictures of Martian landscape,the old question raises its
38、 head:Could man and woman ever go there?The answer is very definitely yes.There are a number of practicalchallenges to overcome first,however.There are differences between Earth and Mars,but also a number ofsimilarities._16_Phobos and DeimosUnlike Earth,Mars does not have a polar magnetic field.Scie
39、ntists believe that the two Martian moons,Phobos and Deimos,are little planets._17_18_For the annual IGEM or International Genetically Engineered Machines competition,students around theworld attempt to make living cells perform new tasks.In preparation for the human colonization of Mars,seedsand or
40、ganic matter would have to be transported from Earth to begin growing plants and establishing a foodsupply.Super-sized BeesPlants need pollinators as well as water,and the best pollinator on Earth is the humble bee-and entire hiveswould be transported to Mars._19_However,without natural predators,th
41、ey could grow very large,indeed.Overcoming Challenges-Opening PossibilitiesThere will be other challenges to overcome,for example,the effect on the human body of living in a fieldwith low gravity._20_Right now,we ought to welcome the challenges.The more challenges weovercome now,the more prepared we
42、 will be for moving out of our solar system and into the grand,universaladventure that is ahead of us.A.IGEMB.The next question is:Could man colonize Mars?C.Once there,the insects would be let loose among the plants.D.However,all kinds of other interesting things will be happening.E.But these are al
43、ready issues for astronauts living on the International Space Station.F.They do not have the stabilizing effect on the spin of the planet like the moon has upon Earth.G.Mars has Earth-like seasons and the planet surface is abundant in minerals essential for plant growth.第二部分第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分语言运用（共两节，满
44、分4545 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 2020 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项During the month I spent studying in England last summer,one day stood out.I was only 16 and I was loose onthe streets of London.The freedom was wonderful,_21_for someone who had lived in a small
45、town all herlife,the city represented a world of_22_.This was not my first_23_to London.A year earlier,I had been there with my mother,trying to_24_allthe major sightseeing attractions in merely three days.That trip was_25_but wonderful,but this time I wasgrateful to be able to simply enjoy the_26_a
46、nd culture.My friend and I discussed where we should go,and decided to go_27_.This led us to CoventGarden,home of the giant Doc Martens store and trendy cafes.The market area is one of my favorite places inLondon.Its a great place to_28_:You can find everything from the latest fashions to souvenirs
47、thatcan_29_befoundinEngland.Thestreet_30_,fromclassicalmusicianstomagicians,werefully_31_.Many tourists gathered to_32_them.I did not linger（逗留）because I was_33_just to feelthe activity in the street rather than become a_34_of it.As the sun set,we headed to the River Thames.The river itself is_35_sp
48、ecial to look at;the_36_oftenappears muddy,and no one would like to swim in it.But the view makes the visit_37_.From there,you can seeit all:the Tower of London,the Houses:of Parliament,St.Pauls Cathedral and the Tate Modern Museum.As I stood on the bridge taking in my_38_,I realized what an incredi
49、bly rich history the city had.Over thenext hundred years,the city may change as older buildings will probably_39_bigger structures,but certainelements will_40_.21.A.althoughB.becauseC.unlessD.while22.A.excitementB.wealthC.developmentD.challenge23.A.accessB.visitC.reactionD.introduction24.A.passB.kno
50、wC.coverD.hear25.A.boringB.tiringC.relaxingD.important26.A.foodB.educationC.atmosphereD.economy27.A.cyclingB.eatingC.climbingD.shopping28.A.restB.exploreC.exerciseD.develop29.A.evenB.nearlyC.almostD.only30.A.policeB.judgesC.performersD.dealers31.A.courageousB.appealingC.noisyD.proud32.A.assistB.ques