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1、英文阅读技巧阅读理解能力是英语能力测评的一个重要因素,可以说, “得阅读者,得英语”。下面介绍几种英文阅读技巧:1、略读阅读重在理解,不是盲目地通读一气,到头来什么都没读到。所有的文章都有中心思想, 我们可以通过略读的方法来快速找到一篇英文的主旨。略读,就是指大概阅读,有选择地阅读,不用一个单词一个单词的看下去, 可跳过某些细节, 省略着看, 以求抓住文章的大概,从而加快阅读速度,迅速了解文章主旨。略读一定要注意转折词,转折词如 but,however,moreover等,起到反转的作用,对阅读者来说意义重大。2、扫读扫读同略读、 跳读一样, 也是一种英文阅读必备的快速阅读技巧。寻读是带着目的
2、读,带着问题读,就像是淘金工人在无尽的黄沙中淘金,目的很明确,它是一种从大量的资料中迅速查找某一项具体事实或某一项特定信息,是一种逐句逐段扫描式的阅读方法, 如果能运用好此种方法, 我们就能在最短的时间内掠过尽可能多的与问题无关的材料,快速锁定关键信息。这样不仅节约时间,而且准确率也高。3、跳读掌握了略读后,还要掌握跳读的技巧,跳读是在略读的基础上,直接跳着读,有重点地读, 哪里重要读哪里,可以一句一句甚至一段一段地跳读,做到心中既有森林,又有树木。跳读适用于篇幅较长的英语文章,或者说文章主旨不是那么明显的, 我们可用跳读来快速地1通读全文, 浏览全篇, 也可用来搜寻细节, 快速锁定重点段落和
3、语句。这样一来,既把握了文章整体结构,又不会忽视细节。4、转换速度一般英文开头的一段需要稍微慢点读, 因为一般文章的中心思想都在开头给出了,这时要确保能够抓住文章大意, 了解作者写作的目的和风格,推测接下来作者会讲什么; 中间的段落可以相对快速地阅读,了解每个段落讲的大概内容即可,相关细节可以不读,以加快略读速度;最后一段作者往往会对文章主题进行总结, 同样需要放慢速度,把握作者所要表达的思想。5、泛读阅读能力的提升必须要从扩大阅读量做起,平时要养成泛读习惯, 泛读, 顾名思义, 即为广泛阅读, 这要求我们扩大阅读的覆盖面,广泛涉猎不用领域的英文书籍。6、计时阅读所谓计时阅读 ,即为在给定的时
4、间内完成阅读。 训练阅读速度,就要养计时阅读的习惯,一篇小短文(500-1000 词)要在510 钟内解决战斗, 不宜太快, 那样会增加自己负担, 期坚持必定收效明显。7、 粗读阅读时,可以先看看文章几个段落的大意, 把文章粗略地浏览一下,看看文章中是否有自己工作和学习需要的或自己感兴趣的资料,是否有对自己存在训练价值的信息,然后确定这篇文章是否值得精读。28、准备拿到英文材料时, 不要匆忙地直接阅读, 那样会降低阅读的效率。在我们开始英文阅读前,先看一下标题,猜测一下文章要讲的内容,结合现实情况进行初步推断, 这将给予你对于主题有很好的想法, 并想想你已经得知的讯息。9、重读在这个时候,你应
5、该更清楚这篇文章在说什么了, 现在带着问题再阅读一次。 我们可以专注任何陌生的语法架构、 短语或句子型态上。10、详读详细地阅读一遍文章,对文章中进行分析,这时候不仅仅停留在认识单词、句子和不知道的语法,而是掌握作者要传达的思想,知道作者通过这篇文章告诉我们什么,这就跟做语文阅读理解是一个意思。如果你看到任何东西你认为有兴趣或是重要的, 那就用笔注记起来,这有助于加深我们对于文章会更加了解地理解。【阅读训练】I have spent my entire life either at the schoolhouse, on theway to the schoolhouse, or talkin
6、g about what happens in theschoolhouse. Both my parents were educators, my maternalgrandparents were educators, and for the past 40 years Ivedone the same thing. And so, needless to say, over those years3Ive had a chance to look at education reform from a lot ofperspectives. Some of those reforms ha
7、ve been good. Some ofthem have been not so good. And we know why kids drop out.We know why kids dont learn. Its either poverty, lowattendance, negative peer influences. We know why. But oneof the things that we never discuss or we rarely discuss is thevalue and importance of human connection, relati
8、onships.我这辈子,要么是在学校,要么在去学校的路上, 要么是在讨论学校里发生了什么事。 我的父母都是教育家, 我的外祖父母也都是搞教育的, 过去 40 年我也在从事同样的事业。 所以,很显然,过去的这些年里, 我有机会从各个角度 审视教育改革。 一些改革是有成效的。 而另一些却收效甚微。 我们知道孩子们为什么掉队辍学。我们知道孩子们为什么学不下去。 原因无非是贫穷,低出席率, 同龄人的坏影响。我们知道为什么。 但是我们从未讨论 或者极少讨论的是 人和人之间的那种联系的价值和重要性, 这就是“关系”。James Comer says that no significant learnin
9、g can occurwithout a significant relationship. George Washington Carversays all learning is understanding relationships. Everyone inthis room has been affected by a teacher or an adult. For years,I have watched people teach. I have looked at the best and Ivelook at some of the worst.4James Comer (美国
10、著名儿童精神科医师)说过 ,没有强有力的联系,学习就不会有显著的进步。 George Washington Carver(美国著名教育学家)说过,学习就是理解各种关系。 在座的各位都曾经被一位老师 或者一个成年人影响过。 这么多年,我都在看人们怎么教学。 我看过最好的也看过最差的。A colleague said to me one time, They dont pay me to likethe kids. They pay me to teach a lesson. The kids should learnit. I should teach it. They should learn
11、 it. Case closed.一次有个同事跟我说, “我的职责不是喜欢那些孩子们。 我的职责是教书。 孩子们就该去学。 我管教课,他们管学习。就是这么个理儿。”Well, I said to her, You know, kids dont learn from peoplethey dont like.然后, 我就跟她说, “你知道, 孩子们可不跟他们讨厌的人学习。 ”(Laughter) (Applause)(笑声)(掌声)She said, Thats just a bunch of hooey.她接着说,“一派胡言。”5And I said to her, Well, your y
12、ear is going to be long andarduous, dear.然后我对她说, “那么, 亲爱的, 你这一年会变得 十分漫长和痛苦。 ”Needless to say it was. Some people think that you can eitherhave it in you to build a relationship or you dont. I thinkStephen Covey had the right idea. He said you ought to justthrow in a few simple things, like seeking f
13、irst to understand asopposed to being understood, simple things like apologizing.You ever thought about that? Tell a kid youre sorry, theyre inshock.事实也果真如此。 有些人认为 一个人或者天生可以建立一种关系 或者不具有这种能力。 我认为 Stephen Covey (美国教育家) 是对的。他说你只需要做一些简单的事情, 比如试着首先理解他人,而不是想要被理解, 比如道歉。 你想过吗? 跟一个孩子说你很对不起,他们都惊呆了。I taught a
14、lesson once on ratios. Im not real good with math,but I was working on it. And I got back and looked at thatteacher edition. Id taught the whole lesson wrong. (Laughter)我有一次讲比例。 我数学不是很好,但是我当时在教数学。 然后我下了课,翻看了教师用书。 我完全教错了。(笑声)6So I came back to class the next day, and I said, Look, guys, Ineed to apol
15、ogize. I taught the whole lesson wrong. Im sosorry.所以我第二天回到班上说, “同学们,我要道歉。 我昨天的课都教错了。我非常抱歉。”They said, Thats okay, Ms. Pierson. You were so excited, wejust let you go. (Laughter) (Applause)他们说,“没关系,Pierson 老师。 你当时教得非常投入,我们就让你继续了。” (笑声)(掌声)I have had classes that were so low, so academically deficien
16、tthat I cried. I wondered, how am I going to take this group innine months from where they are to where they need to be?And it was difficult. It was awfully hard. How do I raise theself-esteem of a child and his academic achievement at thesame time?我曾经教过程度非常低的班级, 学术素养差到我都哭了。 我当时就想,我怎么能在 9 个月之内 把这些孩子
17、 提升到他们必须具备的水平? 这真的很难,太艰难了。 我怎么能让一个孩子重拾自信的同时他在学术上也有进步?7One year I came up with a bright idea. I told all my students,You were chosen to be in my class because I am the bestteacher and you are the best students, they put us all togetherso we could show everybody else how to do it.有一年我有了一个非常好的主意。 我告诉我的
18、学生们, “你们进了我的班级,因为我是最好的老师,而你们是最好的学生, 他们把我们放在一起来给其他人做个好榜样。”One of the students said, Really? (Laughter)一个学生说,“真的吗?” (笑声)I said, Really. We have to show the other classes how to do it,so when we walk down the hall, people will notice us, so youcant make noise. You just have to strut. And I gave them as
19、aying to say: I am somebody. I was somebody when I came.Ill be a better somebody when I leave. I am powerful, and I amstrong. I deserve the education that I get here. I have things todo, people to impress, and places to go.我说,“当然是真的。我们要给其他班级做个榜样, 当我们走在楼道里, 因为大家都会注意到我们,我们不能吵闹。 大家要昂首阔步。” 我还给了他们一个口号:“我
20、是个人物。 我来的时候是个人物。 我毕业的时候会变成一个更好的人物。 我很有力, 很强大。 我8值得在这里受教育。 我有很多事情要做,我要让人们记住我, 我要去很多地方。”And they said, Yeah!然后他们说:“是啊!”You say it long enough, it starts to be a part of you.如果你长时间的这么说, 它就会开始变成事实。And so (Applause) I gave a quiz, 20 questions. A studentmissed 18. I put a +2 on his paper and a big smiley
21、 face.所以 (掌声) 我做了一个小测验,20 道题。 一个孩子错了 18道。 我在他了卷子上写了个“2”和一个大的笑脸。He said, Ms. Pierson, is this an F?他说,“Pierson 老师,这是不及格吗?”I said, Yes.我说,“是的。”He said, Then whyd you put a smiley face?他接着说,“那你为什么给我一个笑脸?”I said, Because youre on a roll. You got two right. You didntmiss them all. I said, And when we rev
22、iew this, wont you do9better?我说,“因为你正渐入佳境。 你没有全错,还对了两个。” 我说,“我们复习这些题的时候, 难道你不会做得更好吗?”He said, Yes, maam, I can do better.他说,“是的,老师。我可以做得更好。”You see, -18 sucks all the life out of you. +2 said, I aint allbad. (Laughter) (Applause)大家看,“18”让人感觉想死。 “2”意味着,“我没有那么糟。” (笑声)(掌声)For years I watched my mother
23、take the time at recess toreview, go on home visits in the afternoon, buy combs andbrushes and peanut butter and crackers to put in her deskdrawer for kids that needed to eat, and a washcloth and somesoap for the kids who didnt smell so good. See, its hard toteach kids who stink. And kids can be cru
24、el. And so she keptthose things in her desk, and years later, after she retired, Iwatched some of those same kids come through and say toher, You know, Ms. Walker, you made a difference in my life.You made it work for me. You made me feel like I wassomebody, when I knew, at the bottom, I wasnt. And I want10