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1、高三英语时态语态复习课EnglishBasicTenses(时态时态)&Voices(语态）语态）Who Is the Laziest?Father:Well,Tom,Iaskedyourteachertoday,andnowIwanttoaskyouaquestion.Whoisthelaziestpersoninyourclass?Tom:Idontknow,Father.Father:Oh,yes,youdo!Think!Whentheotherboysandgirlsarereadingandwriting,whositsinclassandonlywatcheshowtheother
2、peoplework?Tom:Ourteacher,father.The Father and His SonFather:Youknow,Tom,whenLincoln_(be)yourage,he_(be)averygoodpupil.Infact,he_(be)thebestpupilinhisclass.Tom:Yes,Father.I_(know)that.Butwhenhe_(be)yourage,he_(be)PresidentoftheUnitedStates.waswaswaswaswasknow中学英语的常见时态：中学英语的常见时态：大家学习辛苦了，还是要坚持继续保持安静继
3、续保持安静1.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：现现在在完完成成时时强强调调动动作作结结果果对对现现在在的的影影响响，属属于于现现在在的的范范畴畴；一一般般过过去去时时强强调调动动作作所所发发生生的的时时间间是是在在过过去去，属属于于过过去去时时的的范范畴畴。因因此此，一一般般过过去去时时需需跟跟表表示示过过去去的的时时间间状状语语连连用用或或有有表表过过去去时时间间的的上上下下文文，而而现现在在完完成成时时通通常常有有以以下下比比较较固固定定的的标标志志性性时时间间状状语语：sofar,recently,lately,ever,since,bynow,inthela
4、stfewdays,yet,already,just等。等。一、三组易混淆的时态一、三组易混淆的时态现在完成时和一般过去时的区别现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 两者都可表示过去发生过的动作，但前者表示的是过两者都可表示过去发生过的动作，但前者表示的是过去的动作对现在的影响，而后者则只是表示过去有这一去的动作对现在的影响，而后者则只是表示过去有这一动作的事实。动作的事实。Helockedthedoor.他锁过门。（但现在门是开是他锁过门。（但现在门是开是锁不清楚。）锁不清楚。）Hehaslockedthedoor.他把门锁上了。（现在门他把门锁上了。（现在门是锁着的。）是锁着的。）Whoturne
5、donthelight?谁开的灯？（着眼开灯谁开的灯？（着眼开灯的动作，不管现在灯是开是关。）的动作，不管现在灯是开是关。）Whohasturnedonthelight?谁把灯打开了？（着谁把灯打开了？（着眼开灯的结果，即现在灯还亮着。）眼开灯的结果，即现在灯还亮着。）两者都可表示过去开始并延续了一段时间的动作，现两者都可表示过去开始并延续了一段时间的动作，现在完成时表示该动作仍在继续，而一般过去时则说明该在完成时表示该动作仍在继续，而一般过去时则说明该动作现已终止。动作现已终止。HehaslivedinBeijingforfouryears.他在北京他在北京住了四年了。（现在仍住那儿）住了四
6、年了。（现在仍住那儿）HelivedinBeijingforfouryears.他曾在北京住他曾在北京住了四年。（现在不住那儿了）了四年。（现在不住那儿了）Lets practice1.Daniel _(live)in Beijing since he came to China.2.At the end of the meeting,the headmaster _(give)us a talk.3.The boys are tired.They _(just play)a ball game.again.4.Listen!The radio says a serious accident
7、_(happen)last night.has livedhave just playedgavegavehappenedhappened2.过去完成时与现在完成时态的区别：过去完成时与现在完成时态的区别：1.现在完成时态表示动作发生在过去对现在的影响以及动作开始于过去，一直持续到现在 2.过去完成时表示过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时 一、三组易混淆的时态一、三组易混淆的时态现在完成时和过去完成时态的区别现在完成时和过去完成时态的区别 现在完成时态的现在完成时态的常用时间状语：1表示到现在为止
8、already,yet,just,ever,never,before,since,so far,until now,by now,up to now.2表示最近：recently,lately in the past/last few years。过去完成时态由时间状语来判定 与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：（1）by+过去的时间点。如：I had finished reading the novel by nine oclock last night.（2）by the end of+过去的时间点。如：We had learned over two thousand English words
9、 by the end of last term.（3）before+过去的时间点。如：They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday2.由“过去的过去”来判定。过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在：（1）宾语从句中 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句。如：She said that she ha
10、d seen the film before.（2）状语从句中 在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如：After he had finished his homework,he went to bed.To be an excellent student!1.I met my friend Tom in the street yesterday.I (not see)him for a long time.2.By last month we (made)100 cars.3.So far,We (lear
11、n)about 6 hundred English words.4.The train (leave)when I got to the station last Sunday.I had to wait for the next.5.She (not give)the CDs back to me yet.hadmadehadmadehadntseenhadntseenhadlefthadlefthavelearnthavelearnthasntgivenhasntgiven3.现在完成进行时和现在完成时态现在完成进行时和现在完成时态 现在完成进行时可以表示动作的重复，而现在完成时一般不表现
12、在完成进行时可以表示动作的重复，而现在完成时一般不表示重复性。示重复性。Haveyoubeenmeetinghimrecently?你最近常和他见面吗？你最近常和他见面吗？Haveyoumethimrecently?你最近见到过他吗？你最近见到过他吗？现在完成进行时强调动作，而现在完成时强调结果。现在完成进行时强调动作，而现在完成时强调结果。Whohasbeeneatingtheoranges?谁一直在吃这些桔子呀？谁一直在吃这些桔子呀？（还剩余一些）（还剩余一些）Whohaseatentheoranges?谁把桔子吃光了？（强调吃得一个谁把桔子吃光了？（强调吃得一个不剩）不剩）_ past&
13、past past now future_ past&past past now futurePPT:have donehave been doingPPCTLi Jia _ (read)a book about Stonehenge.(She finished reading the book.)Li Jia _(read)a book about Stonehenge.(She is still reading the book.)has read has been reading过去将来时过去将来时过去将来时过去将来时1 1，表示从过去某时看，将要发生的动作，表示从过去某时看，将要发生的
14、动作，表示从过去某时看，将要发生的动作，表示从过去某时看，将要发生的动作或状态。或状态。或状态。或状态。2 2，过去将来时常用于宾语从句中，即：，过去将来时常用于宾语从句中，即：，过去将来时常用于宾语从句中，即：，过去将来时常用于宾语从句中，即：主句显示过去时态，宾语含有将来时间主句显示过去时态，宾语含有将来时间主句显示过去时态，宾语含有将来时间主句显示过去时态，宾语含有将来时间状语。状语。状语。状语。3 3，过去将来时的结构是：，过去将来时的结构是：，过去将来时的结构是：，过去将来时的结构是：would+would+动词原动词原动词原动词原形形形形/should+should+动词原形动词原
15、形动词原形动词原形/was/weregoingtowas/weregoingto+动词原形动词原形动词原形动词原形1.-1.-Mum,Dad called and said that heMum,Dad called and said that he (not be)(not be)at home for dinner.-Did he say why?at home for dinner.-Did he say why?2.She told me that she2.She told me that she (come)back as soon(come)back as soon as the
16、 meeting was over.as the meeting was over.3.Mary said that her family3.Mary said that her family (visit)some(visit)some places the next week.places the next week.wouldntbewouldntbewouldcomewouldcomewouldvisitwouldvisit1.一般现在时态表将来一般现在时态表将来（1）表示按）表示按计划、规定，时间表计划、规定，时间表将要发生的动作或将要发生的动作或存在的状态存在的状态,一般用于一般用
17、于be,come,go,start,begin,leave,arrive,return等位移等位移/终止性动词，终止性动词，常与时间状语连用常与时间状语连用Thetrainleavesat6tomorrowmorning.Whendoesthebusstart?Itstartsin2minutes（2）在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，）在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，如用将来的时间,时态则是主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来They will visit the old man if it doesnt rain tomorrow.三、特殊用法三、特殊用法2.现在进行时态表将来现在进行时态表
18、将来(1)某些瞬间动词某些瞬间动词“go,come,arrive,leave,start,begin,fly,take”等用现在进行时表示将要发生等用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。的动作。IvewonaholidayfortwotoFlorida.Iamtakingmymother(2)进行时态与进行时态与always,often/usually/frequently/constantly/allthetime等频度副词连用，表经常等频度副词连用，表经常反复的行动或说话人赞叹或厌恶等感情色彩反复的行动或说话人赞叹或厌恶等感情色彩 Shesconstantlycomplaining.她不停地抱怨
19、。她不停地抱怨。Mybrotherisalwaysleavingthingsabout.我我弟弟总是乱丢东西。弟弟总是乱丢东西。三、特殊用法三、特殊用法(1)表心理状态、情感的动词：表心理状态、情感的动词：like,love,hate,care,remember,believe,want,mind,wish,agree,mean,need。(2)表存在的状态动词表存在的状态动词：have,appear,exist,lie,remain,seem,belongto,dependon。(3)瞬间动词：瞬间动词：begin/start,allow,accept,permit,promise,admi
20、t,complete。(4)感官动词：感官动词：see,hear,notice,feel摸起来摸起来/感觉起来感觉起来,smell,sound,taste,look看起来。看起来。【注意注意】一般情况下，下面一般情况下，下面4类动词无进行时态：类动词无进行时态：解动词时态填空题解动词时态填空题“三步曲三步曲”1.I(have)thisbookfor2weeks.havehadhavehad一看时间状语一看时间状语3.Keepquiet,please!They(have)alesson.arehavingarehaving4.-Hi,LinTao.Ididntseeyouattheparty.-
21、Oh,I(get)readyfortheexam.waswas gettinggetting5.Tom(go)tobedearly，buthisbrotherdoesnt.6.Listen!Jimsradio(make)aloudnoise.Wouldyoupleasetellhimtoturnitdown?goesgoesismakingismaking二观上下文联系二观上下文联系 三找隐含条件三找隐含条件解动词填空题解动词填空题“三步曲三步曲”一看时间状语一看时间状语1.There (be)a match this evening.2.Mother never knew what (hap
22、pen)in 10 years.3.I (have)this book for 2 weeks.4.Alice (wait)for us in the room now.willbewillbewouldhappenwouldhappenhavehadhavehadiswaitingiswaiting二观上下文联系二观上下文联系1.She cant be here.She (go)to Canada.2.Keep quiet,please!They (have)a lesson.3.-Hi,Lin Tao.I didnt see you at the party.-Oh,I (get)read
23、y for the exam.4.Dont come here tomorrow.I (have)a meeting.hasgonehasgonearehavingarehavingwaswas gettinggettingwillwill havehave三找隐含条件三找隐含条件1.Tom (go)to bed early but his brother doesnt.2.-What did the teacher say just now?-He said that the earth (travel)around the sun.3.The bridge (be)open to traf
24、fic in a few years,isnt it?4.Listen!Jims radio (make)a loudnoise.Would you please tell him (turn)it down?goesgoestravelstravelsisgoingtobeisgoingtobeismakingismakingtoturntoturnHomework假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter对你不久前参加第一届全国青年志愿者活动很感兴趣，希望了解情况。请你更具以下信息给他写信，内容包括1.时间：10月每星期五六日下午3点至五点2.地点：火车站出站口3.活动：指导旅客如何出站、乘车、
25、提供有关住宿、旅游景点等信息4.感想动词时态语态一览表动词时态语态一览表(以以do为例）为例）am/is/aredoneam/is/arebeingdonehave/hasbeendonewas/weredonewas/werebeingdonehadbeendonewillbedonewillhavebeendone及物动词及物动词(vt.)有被动语态，不及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词(vi.)或或短语无被动语态短语无被动语态.比较：比较：rise是不及物动词；是不及物动词；raise是及物动词。是及物动词。Thepricehasbeenrisen.Thepricehasrisen.Thep
26、ricehasraised.Thepricehasbeenraised.Theaccidentwashappenedlastweek.Theaccidenthappenedlastweek.(错错)(对对)(错错)(对对)(错错)(对对)主动和被动主动和被动一、一、getdoneThepatientgottreatedonceaweek.Hegotinjuredwhilesearchingforthelostboyinthewoods.Trytoavoid_(受伤害）受伤害）whilebeinginlovewithothers.gettinghurtCleaningwomeninbigciti
27、esusuallyget_bythehour.A.payB.paying C.paidD.topayC二、二、主动形式表被动意义主动形式表被动意义Thesteelfeelscold.Hisplanproved(tobe)practical.Theyogurtinthefridge_(已经变质）已经变质）.hasgonebad1.连系动词连系动词look,sound,feel,smell,taste,appear,seem,go,prove,turn,stay,become,fall,get,grow,keep+adj.构成系表结构构成系表结构,主动表被动。主动表被动。2.表示开始、结束、运动的
28、动词。如表示开始、结束、运动的动词。如:begin,finish,start,open,close,stop,end,shut,run,move等等主动表被动。主动表被动。Workbeganat7oclockthismorning.Theshopclosesat6p.m.everyday.3.need/want/requiredoing,beworthdoing,betoblame主动表被动。主动表被动。Theequipmentinthecorner_(需要修理需要修理).requiresrepairingAIfeelitisyourhusbandwho_forthespoiledchild.
29、A.istoblameB.isgoingtoblameC.istobeblamedD.shouldblameWhodoyouthink_forthefailureoftheirmarriage?A.toblameB.tobeblameC.istoblameD.istobeblamed CNyloncleanseasily.Thismaterialhaswornthin.Yourpenwritessmoothly.Therecorderwontplay.(这种布耐洗。这种布耐洗。)(他的书没有销路。他的书没有销路。)Theclothwasheswell.Hisbookdoesnotsell.4.
30、表示主语的某种属性特征的动词表示主语的某种属性特征的动词。如如read,write,act,iron,cut,draw,drive,sell,wash,clean,wear,open,cook,lock,shut,dry,eat,drink.这类动词一般不单独使用这类动词一般不单独使用，常有一个修饰语。常有一个修饰语。Murtiple choice1.Thiscoastalarea_anationalwildlifereservelastyear.A.wasnamedB.namedC.isnamedD.namesA2.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection_.A
31、.hascompletedB.completesC.hasbeencompletedD.iscompletedD3.Thenewsuspensionbridge_bytheendoflastmonth.A.hasbeendesignedB.hadbeendesignedC.wasdesignedD.wouldbedesignedB说明：说明：bytheendof短语一般都与完成时连用。短语一般都与完成时连用。4.Rainforests_andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.A.cutB.arecutC.arebeingcutD.hadbeencutC