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1、高中英语语法知识单项选择题专练 非谓语动词1.Anyone_bags, boxes, or whatever, was stopped by the police.A. seen carryB. seen carryingC. saw to carryD. saw carrying【赏析】此题答案选B，anyone seen carrying bags为anyone who was seen carrying bags之略，其中过去分词短语seen carrying bags 用作定语修饰代词anyone。另外，句中的who was seen carrying bags为see sb doin
2、g sth这一结构的被动式。2.Now everyone here was working hard and doing what they could_more money.A. make B. to makeC. makingD. made【赏析】此题容易误选A。有的同学一看到空格前的情态动词could就断定此处应填动词原形make。其实正确答案应是B，此句为省略句，即在could后省略了动词do，若把句子补完整应为Now everyone here was working hard and doing what they could do to make more money，即句中的不
3、定式短语(to make more money)是用作目的状语的，而不是与情态动词(could)一起构成谓语。请再看类似例句：(1)My parents did what they could_my aunt and uncle.A. helpB. to helpC. helpingD. helped(2)He read what he could_his knowledge.A. widen B. to widenC. wideningD. widened以上两题均选B，即选不定式，且此不定式为目的状语。但是，同学们若据此形成思维定势，也会麻烦。为此，请再看两题：(3)He ran as f
4、ast as he could_to catch the bus.A. hope B. to hopeC. hopingD. hoped此题的最佳答案不是B，而是C，其中的现在分词短语hoping to catch the bus用作伴随状语，即一边跑一边希望能赶上早班车。但是，如果选B，将to hope to catch the bus视为目的状语行不行呢？不行。因为“他拼命地跑”目的是“为了赶上公共汽车”，而不是“为了希望赶上公共汽车”，换句话说，将“希望”作为“目的”不妥。因为同样的原因，下面一题也应选hoping：He studied as hard as he could_to en
5、ter a good college.A. hope B. to hopeC. hoping D. hoped(4)He spent every minute he could_foreign languages.A. study B. to studyC. studyingD. studied此题也应选C，但是，它与上题选现在分词hoping表伴随有所不同，此题的studying其实与其前的动词spend有关，即套用的是“spend +时间或金钱+ (in) doing sth”这一句型。3.All her time_experiments, she has no time for spor
6、ts.A. devoted to do B. devoted to doingC. devoting to doing D. is devoted to doing【赏析】此题最佳答案为B。现分析如下：(1)devote意为“致力于，献身于”，主要用于devoteto或be devoted to，其中的to是介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不用不定式。(2)选A错误：若将do改为doing则可以。(3)选B正确：all her time devoted to doing experiments为独立主格结构，用作状语。(4)选C错误：因为all her time与devote为被
7、动关系，故应将devoting改为devoted。(5)选D错误：若单独看All her time is devoted to doing experiments，此句并没有错，但问题是逗号前后两个简单句没有必要的连接方式，所以从整体上看仍不对，假若在后一句的句首加上and或so，则可选D，或将D中的is改为being也可以。4.“What made her struggle_an artist so hard?” “_she was a woman.”A. became,不填 B. to become,不填C. become, ThatD. to become, That【赏析】此题容易误选
8、C，想当然地认为第一空应填become (不带to)，是因为其前有使役动词made。其实，此题应选D，在What made her struggle to become an artist so hard?一句中，what是句子主语，made是谓语，her struggle to become an artist是宾语(其中的不定式to become an artist是修饰her struggle的定语)，so hard是宾语补足语。许多同学误选C是将her struggle看作宾语，而将become an artist看作是宾语补足语，照此分析，so hard又是什么成分呢？第二空填Tha
9、t，用以引导主语从句(此that不可省略)，其后的谓语和宾语等被省略，若补充完整，即为That she was a woman made her struggle to become an artist so hard.5.I found I could easily make myself_by using sign language.A. understoodB. understandC. to understand D. being understood【赏析】答案选A，但容易误选B，即硬套“make +名词或代词+动词原形”这一结构。但是对于该结构同学们忽略了一点，就是该结构中的名词或
10、代词应与其后动词有逻辑上的主谓关系，而对于上面一题，myself与动词understand显然不是主谓关系，而是动宾关系，或者说是被动关系，故此时的动词应用过去分词表被动。又如：(1)As a teacher, you should make yourself_.A. respectB. respectingC. respectedD. to respect(2)He spoke loudly so as to make his voice_.A. hear B. hearingC. heard D. to hear(3)Do you know what made her so_?A. fri
11、ghtenB. frighteningC. frightenedD. to frighten答案均选C，即用过去分词表示被动意义（其中frightened为过去分词转化来的形容词）。6.Once your business becomes international,_constantly will be part of your life.A. you flyB. your flightC. flightD. flying【赏析】最佳答案为D。由于空格后出现了constantly这一副词，这就说明不能选B或C，因为B、C均为名词，不能受副词constantly的修饰。A和D均是可能的，因为其
12、中有动词fly。但若选A，you fly是一个主谓结构，与其后的谓语will be相冲突，所以只能选D，即动名词flying在此用作主语。7.Not only should you get used_under difficult conditions but you also you pay more attention_your work well.A. to work, to doB. to working, to doingC. to work, to doingD. to working, to do【赏析】正确答案为B，因为get used to与pay attention to这
13、两个结构中的to均为介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不能用动词原形。类似地，以下各结构中的to也是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时也应用动名词，而不是动词原形：look forward to doing sth盼望做某事be opposed to doing sth反对做某事object to doing sth反对做某事stick to doing sth坚持做某事get down to doing sth开始做某事take to doing sth喜欢上做某事admit to doing承认做了某事pay attention to doing sth注意做某事devote o
14、nes time to doing sth把某人的时间用于(奉献于)做某事be equal to doing sth等于做某事，能胜任做某事What do you say to doing sth你认为做某事怎么样8.“Do you have anything more_, sir?” “No. You can have a rest or do something else.”A. typingB. to be typedC. typed D. to type【赏析】此题容易误选D，根据have sth to do这一常用结构推出。其实，最佳答案是B。确实，在“have+宾语+不定式”结构中
15、，用作定语的不定式通常用主动式表示被动含义，如I have some clothes to wash等，即尽管其中的some clothes与其后的不定式to wash具有被动关系，但却习惯上用主动式表示被动意义。但值得指出的是，这类句型的主语与其后的不定式具有主动关系，如I have some clothes to wash中的to wash就是由该句主语I来完成的。而上面一题的情形有所不同，即其中的to type这一动作不是由句子主语you来完成的，而是由说话者“我”来完成的。比较：Are you going toShanghai? Do you have anything to take
16、 to your son?你要去上海吗？你有什么东西要带给你儿子吗？Im going toShanghainext week. I have a lot of things to take with me.下个星期我要去上海，我随身要带很多东西去。9.He walked in, _ a book in his hand, went to a table near the window and sat down in silence.A.carrying B. carried C.to carry D.having carried【解析】答案选A。此题考查分词作状语的用法。首先不定式表示目的和将
17、来可以排除；having done强调动作的完成，不符合题意，只剩下A和B，这是一个并列句，句中有三个谓语动词walked in, went to和sat down。句中的carrying a book in his hand是现在分词，用作状语，修饰walked in，表伴随。提醒：此题易错选B。10._for many years, the novelist suddenly became famous.A.having ignoredB.Having been ignored C.to have been ignoredD.to be ignored【解析】正确答案为B。此题考查分词作状
18、语。因ignored和the novelist是动宾关系，而不是主谓关系，即“被忽视”，故可排除表主动意义的A。至于C和D，首先可排除D，因为它是不定式的一般式，表示将来意义，与句意不符；而C是不定式的完成式，一般不作时间状语。11._ to the consumers, more and more advertisers are using images of pop stars in their ads.A.Appealed B.to appealed C.appealing D.to be appealed【解析】正确答案为B，考查不定式的用法。首先可以排除A和D，因为appeal是不及
19、物动词，不能用过去分词表被动，从句意来看，题目想表达的是为了吸引消费者，不定式作目的状语，而现在分词一般情况下不能表目的，所以选B。12. Whats the matter with you?_ the heavy suitcase, my waist was hurt unexpectedly.A.Having carriedB.CarriedC.While carrying D.While I was carrying【解析】正确答案为D，考查非谓语动词的逻辑主语。一般说来，非谓语动词的逻辑主语需要和主句主语一致，此题中，主句的主语是my waist，而非谓语动词的逻辑主语是I，所以不能用
20、非谓语动词，只能用状语从句，所以选D。13._with enough instruments necessary for the experiment, these scientists are expecting to finish it ahead of time.A. To be suppliedB.to suppliedC.supplyingD.supplied【解析】正确答案为D，考查非谓语动词作状语。这句话的主语是scientists，与非谓语动词supply是动宾关系，也就是被提供，因此排除了B和C，不定式作状语表示将来和目的，与题意不符，所以选D。14.The first te
21、xtbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A. having writtenB. to be writtenC. being writtenD. written解析：D。表示“被动、完成”用过去分词作定语。15.You were brave enough to raise objection at the meeting.Well, now I regret _ that.A. to do B. to be doingC. to have doneD. having don
22、e解析：D。regret doing sth表示对已经发生的事感到“后悔”；regret to say / tell / inform / announce用以报告令人不快之事，表示对将要说的话感到“遗憾、抱歉”，主语通常是I / we, regret用一般现在时。16.We agreed _ here but so far she hasnt turned up yet.A. having metB. meetingC. to meetD. to have met解析：C。agree只能接不定式，在谓语动之后发生，用一般式，选C。17.The boy wanted to ride his b
23、icycle in the street, but his mother told him _.A. not toB. not to doC. not do itD. do not do解析：A。根据句型tell sb (not) to do sth，排除C和D；当不定式的动词是前面已出现过的相同的动词时，为避免重复，通常省略to后的内容，只保留to,所以只有A对。18.Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard.A. learnB. to learnC. learnedD. learning解析：B。make sb do sth的被
24、动式为sb be made to do sth(某人被迫做某事)。19._ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A. LosingB. Having lostC. LostD. To lost解析：C。考查过去分词作状语。Lost in thought=As he was lost in thought。be lost in thought(沉思)是固定搭配；这类习惯表达还有be caught in the rain(遭雨淋), be dressed in red(穿着红衣), be seated(就座)等。20.The
25、 patient was warned _ oily food after the operation.A. to eat notB. eating notC. not to eat D. not eating解析：C。本句是warn sb (not) to do sth的被动式。21.The Olympic Games, _ in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912.A. first playingB. to be first playedC. first playedD. to be first playing解析：C。因T
26、he Olympic games与play是被动关系，排除A和D；不定式的被动式，表示未来的动作，排除B。表示“被动、完成”，用过去分词。22.I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.A. to go B. to have goneC. goingD. having gone解析：B。would love / like后面只能接不定式，排除C和D。表示过去未曾实现的愿望，后接不定式完成式，故选B。23.European football is played i
27、n 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world.A. making B. makesC. madeD. to make解析：A。现在分词作结果状语。24.When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door _ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.”A. readB. readsC. to readD. reading解析：D。句中read意为“有某字样”，a message pinned to the door意为“钉在门上的一张纸条
28、”，a message与read是主动关系，因此用现在分词。25.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _ it more difficult.A. not makeB. not to makeC. not makingD. do not make解析：B。考查非谓语动词的结构平衡性。not to make it more difficult是与to make it easier形成对比的否定结构，两者在句中作表语。26.Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what coun
29、try he studied in.A. to have studiedB. to studyC. to be studying D. to have been studying解析：A。由studied可知，他曾到国外留过学，“留学”这个动作已结束并发生在谓语动作(is said)之前，所以要用完成式。27.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year.A. carried outB. carrying outC. carry outD. to carry out解析：A。此句结构复杂,
30、句中的that引导一个定语从句，它代表the plan并在从句中作see的宾语，the plan与carry out是被动关系，因此，用过去分词作宾补。即卻ee the plan carried out the next year.28._ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.A. Having sufferedB. SufferingC. To sufferD. Suffered解析：A。句意为“这条河已经遭受如此严重的污染，现在要想清理也许为时已晚了”。suffer发生在cle
31、an up之前，且有already暗示，无疑要用现在分词的完成式作状语。29.Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it.A. to seeB. to be seenC. seeingD. seen解析：B。remain作“尚需”解，要接不定式作表语，see与it(形式主语，指whether they will enjoy it)是动宾关系，因此用不定式的被动式。30.The research is so designed that
32、once _ nothing can be done to change it.A. begins B. having begunC. beginningD. begun解析：D。“连词+分词”作状语，依然由句子主语与分词的关系来确定，主动关系用现在分词，被动关系用过去分词。the research与begin是被动关系，用过去分词begun。31.It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows _.A. it what to do withB. what to do it withC. wha
33、t to do with itD. to do what with it解析：C。do with与what连用是一个很有用的结构，可以表示“处置”、“利用”等。32.A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen.A. smokeB. smokingC. to smokeD. smoked解析：B。find后可接现在分词或过去分词作补语，但不接不定式。he与smoke是主动关系，用-ing形式作补语，故选B。33.She looks forward every spring to _ the flower-lin
34、ed garden.A. visitB. paying a visitC. walk inD. walking in解析：D。look forward to中to是介词，后接动词要用动名词。若选B，应在其后加to才行。34.When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person _.A. to sendB. for sending itC. to send it toD. for sending it to解析：C。不定式作定语，the person是send it的对象，可理解为to send it to th
35、e person。35.What do you think made Mary so upset?_ her new bike.A. As she lostB. LostC. LosingD. Because of losing解析：C。用完整的句子应这样回答：Losing her new bike made Mary so upset.36.The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the _.A. 20 dollars remainedB. 20 dollars to remainC. remained 20 doll
36、arsD. remaining 20 dollars解析：D。因为remain是不及物动词，其过去分词无被动含义，所以要用remaining(剩下的)作定语，修饰20 dollars。37.There are five pairs _, but Im at a loss which to choose.A. to be chosen B. to choose fromC. to chooseD. for choosing解析：B。句意是“有五双可供选择，我拿不定主意从中选择哪一双”，而不是选择五双。38._ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous
37、universities in the United States.A. Being foundedB. It was foundedC. FoundedD. Founding解析：C。Harvard(哈佛大学)与found(建立)是被动关系，且早在1636年已建立，故用过去分词。39.Fishing is his favorite hobby, and _.A. hed like to collect coins as wellB. he feels like collecting coins, tooC. to collect coins is also his hobbyD. colle
38、cting coins also gives him great pleasure解析：D。考查非谓语动词的结构平衡性。因and连接两个并列的简单句，前一分句用-ing形式作主语，后一分句也应用-ing形式作主语。40.Finding her car stolen, _.A. a policeman was asked to helpB. the area was searching thoroughlyC. it was looked for everywhereD. she hurried to a policeman for help解析：D。非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语就是句子主语。
39、Finding her car stolen的逻辑主语显然是she，故选D。意为：她发现她的车被人偷了，她就赶紧报警求援。41.In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are striving _ their products more competitive.A. to makeB. making C. to have madeD. having made解析：A。不定式作目的状语。“使产品更具竞争性”是“正在努力的目的”。42.Though _ money, his parents managed to send him to university.A. lackedB. lacking ofC. lackin