2023年高中短文改错常见类型经典(模版).docx

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1、2023年高中短文改错常见类型经典(模版) 第一篇:中学短文改错常见类型经典模版 一、错误类型 多词:冠词、介词、动词不定式符号to等。 漏词:冠词、介词、动词不定式符号to、系动词、物主代词等。错词: 一语法错误 1.主谓不一样;2.时态不一样;3.指代不一样;4.平行不一样; 5.名词的单复数;6.词的固定搭配和惯用法(如:get used to doing sth.)7.词性的误用形/副; 8.冠词的误用;9.语态、非谓语动词;10.形容词、副词的比较级和最高级混用。 二规律错误 1.上下行文规律错误and/but/or/so; 2.主从复合句中连词或引导词的误用; 3.句意混乱up/d

2、own ;here/there。 二、常见错误设置模式 1.在sothat结构中,so 和that不同行,把that放在下一行,so 的位置上写成了very; tooto结构中, too写成了very; There is no need to do sth.中There 用成了It;It is/has beenyears since中since用成了when;was/were doingwhen结构中,when用成了while。2.the same中the 用成了a或漏掉定冠词thesame恒久和the 在一起.如the same as与一样/相同;all the same照旧,还是;the

3、same to you; for a long time长时间漏掉a; most of the漏掉the; for the first time第一次漏掉the; make progress中间加了a。 3.repeat之后加了again;return之后加了back; enter之后加了into/to。4.because/ since和so连用; although /though和but连用; reason和because连用The reason whyis that;Another reason is that。5.元音字母开头但发辅音的词前用了an,如university, Europe

4、an, useful thing, usual thing。 6.辅音字母开头但发元音的词前用了a,如:honest, hour, honor。7.如今分词与过去分词的误用。 三、常见的误用词 1.little很少修饰不行数名词/few很少数修饰可数名词; 2.less更少修饰不行数名词/fewer更少数修饰可数名词; 3.many许多修饰可数名词/much许多修饰不行数名词; 4.beside在旁边 /besides除此之外还, 而且; 5.here这儿 /there那儿; 6.before在以前 / after在以后; 7.时段+ago以前常用于一般过去时/ 时段+before以前常用于过

5、去完成 时;以前与now相对; 8.a/an泛指,/the 特指 ; 9.sick有病的,患病的adj./ill有病的表语形容词; 10.well好adv.;身体好adj./good好adj.; 11.itsit is/has / its它的pron.; 12.either也用在否认句/too也用在确定句; 13.alone单独一人表语形容词/lonely人孤独的,孤独的;地荒芜的; 14.hard难的adj.;努力地adv./hardly几乎不,简直不adv.; 15.high位置高高的/地可以客观计量/highly程度高度地不能客观计量; 16.most大多数,大部分adj./ pron.

6、/mostly主要地adv.; 17.because因为前果后因/ why为什么, 的缘由前因后果; 18.and顺承/递进并列/ but转折/or选择/so因果; 19.when当的时候/while当的时候从句常用进行时,持续性动词; 20.which引导非限制性定语从句/that引导同位语从句; 21.if 假如 是否只引导宾语从句,且不与or连用/whether是否引导名词性从句或构成 whether to do sth.; 22.each两个或两个以上中的每一个,强调各自的/ every三个或三个以上中的每一个,强调全部的,无一例外的; 23.among在三者以上之间 /between

7、在两者之间,多个事物的每两两之间; 24.all三者以上都/ both两者都; 25.any三者以上中任一 /either两者中任一; 26.other 别的,其他的 /another又一个,再一个; 27.none三者以上中没一个 /neither两者中没一个; 28.sometime过去/将来某时 /sometimes有时; 29.everybody每个人,人人,大家用在确定句中/anybody任何人用在否认句、疑问句或条件从句中; 30.everything 一切用在确定句中/anything任何事用在否认句/疑问句/条件从句中; 31.no没有adj.不与a/an、the、any等连用

8、,nonot a /not any eg.I have no umbrella.I have no problems.I have no money with me./not不adv.; 32.spend花费人作主语/cost花费事物作主语; 33.wear 穿着,戴着,佩戴 /dress给穿衣宾语是人而不是衣服; 34.receive 收到 /accept 接受,收下; 35.left 落下,忘带后跟具体地点/forgot 遗忘; 36.36.lie 躺,位于 /lay 放,摆,铺;产卵; 37.invent独创,创建宾语是客观没有的/discover觉察宾语是客观存在的; 38.38.wi

9、sh盼望,但愿其后宾语从句用虚拟语气/hope盼望; 39.likely 很可能adj./adv./ like 跟一样,像prep./conj./as 作为,犹如prep.; 40.cross横过,穿过v./across 横过,穿过prep./ adv.; 41.interesting好玩的,令人感爱好的物作主语/ interested感爱好的人作主语; 42.fortunate幸运的adj./fortunately 幸运地adv.; 43.unfortunate不幸的adj./unfortunately不幸地adv; 44.immediate马上,立即adj./immediately马上,立

10、即adv.; 45 fortable舒适的adj./comfortably舒适地adv.; 46.missed错过了的 /missing失踪的, 缺失了的 /lost迷途的,丢失的; 47.close关系近的,亲密的adj.;位置靠近地adv./closely关系亲密的adv./closed关闭的; 48.persuade劝服sb.to do sth./advise建议sb.to do sth./suggest建议doing sth.; 49.keep借用可持续/borrow借进/lend借出; 50.named叫做后置定语/naming; 51.called叫做后置定语/calling; 5

11、2.drowned 已淹死的 /drowning 溺水的,快要淹死的; 53.late 迟的 /晚地adj./adv./lately 最近,近来adv./later时间段以后,较后的,晚一点; 54.like 像,跟一样prep./ likely 很可能adj.; 55.time 时间 /times 时代,时期 /timely刚好的。 56.so/suchthat “多多少少(many/much /little/few)前用so 四、短文改错口诀 动词形、名词数,词性误用形和副; 冠/介小词错漏多,代词错在数与格; 动词二态非谓语,句子成分多分析; 从句常考引导词,固定搭配莫迟疑; 语法牢记四

12、一样,规律关系细推理。 五、短文改错应遵循的原则 错误以改动最少为原则 虚词以增加或删除为原则 实词以变更形式为原则 原意以保持不变为原则 六、短文改错解题技巧 阅读全文 驾驭大意 分句阅读 逐行找错 由易到难 各个击破 通读全文 检查核对 其次篇:英语短文改错常见类型 英语短文改错常见类型 1.while 和when when 解析引导时间状语从句1说明一个动作发生的时候,另一个动作正在进行之中。例如: When the teacher came into the classroom,we wereplaying当老师走进教室时,我们正在玩闹。2说明当某一动作正在进行时,另一动作发生了。如:

13、 When Lily was flying a kite,she found a child crying on the ground莉莉正在放风筝时,她觉察操场上有个小孩哭。 特别提示当when从句放在主句之后时,它更强调某一动作的突然性,此时的when相当于and then,and suddenly,just at that time。 I was taking a walk when I came across Lily我正在漫步时,没想到遇见了莉莉。 特别是主句中有just,或when从句中有suddenly时,这种突然性更为明显、剧烈。例如: We were doing my hom

14、ework at home last night when the lights went out昨天晚上我正在家写作业时,灯突然灭了。 相关链接when引导的状语从句除了上述意义之外,也常具有其他一些含义: 1一就as soon as We will stand up when the teacher comesin老师一进来我们就起立。 2虽然;然而;可是although We had only five boxes when we needed eight我们需要八个箱子,可是只有五个。 3每当whenever It is always very hot here when it is

15、summer每当夏季,这儿总是很热。 4既然since,as Why did you come here on foot when you know you should come by bike?既然你知道该骑自行车来,你为何还要步行呢? while 解析 while引导状语从句,有以下两种含义: 1表示某个动作正在进行的同时,另一动作也在进行之中,这时主从句都用进行时态,有对同类的两个动作进行对比的意味。如: While I was playing the game,she was readcing我在玩玩耍,她在读书。 2表示某个动作正在进行时,又发生了另一动作该动作用一般过去时。如:

16、While I was reading,I fell asleep我读着读着就睡着了。 相关链接 while还有以下几种常见用法: 1只要as long as There will be life while there is water and air只要有空气和水,就会有生命。 2而;然而表示对比 He is a driver while Im a teacher他是司机,而我是老师。 3虽然although;尽管表示让步 While I see what you say,I cant agree with you虽然我能理解你说的话,但是我不能同意你。 4用作名词,表示“一会儿或一段时间

17、,常与a,the或this等连用。如: Just wait a while and then I will help you等一下,我会来帮你的。 2.不定冠词与定冠词 不定冠词a(an)是“一个的意思。a用于辅音音素前,一般读作,而an则用于元音音素前,一般读做。 1)表示“一个,意为one;指某人或某物,意为a certain。 A Mr.Li is waiting for you.李先生正在等您。2)代表一类人或物 Mr.Smith is an poor.史密斯先生是穷人。 3用在可数名词前 Mr.Smith is an theacher.史密斯先生是老师 定冠词the与指示代词this

18、,that同源,有“那这个的意思,但较弱,可以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。 定冠词的用法: 1特指双方都明白的人或物: Take the medicine.把药吃了。2上文提到过的人或事: He bought a house.Ive been to the house.他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。3指世上独一物二的事物: the sun,the sky,the moon,the earth 4单数名词连用表示一类事物,如:the dollar 美元;the fox 狐狸;或与形容词或分词连用,表示一类人:the rich 富人;the living 生者。5用在序数词和形

19、容词最高级,及形容词only,very,same等前面: Where do you live? I live on the second floor.你住在哪?我住在二层。6与复数名词连用,指整个群体: They are the teachers of this school.指全体老师)They are teachers of this school.(指部分老师)7表示全部,相当于物主代词,用在表示身体部位的名词前: She caught me by the arm.她抓住了我的手臂。 8用在某些由一般名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专知名词前: the United States

20、美国 9用在表示乐器的名词之前: She plays the piano.她会弹钢琴。 10)用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人:the Greens 格林一家人(或格林夫妇)11)用在惯用语中: in the day, in the morning(afternoon,evening), the day after tomorrow the day before yesterday, the next morning,in the sky(water,field,country) in the dark, in the rain, in the distance,in the middle(

21、of), in the end, on the whole, by the way, go to the theatre 3.beside和besides Beside在旁边 besides除之外 4.ed和ing 人用ed物和事用ing 5.易混用词语 6.名词单复数形式。留意不行数名词 7.时态 8.连词 though不与but连用,because不与so连用等 9.形容词、副词 误用形容词修饰形容词,误用副词修饰名词,误用形容词修饰动词,误用形容词或副词的原级、比较级和最高级以及误用带-ly的副词与不带-ly的副词等,特别留意根据上下文该用比较级而未用的“暗中比较。中学阶段去e加ly的只

22、有ture 10.代词 形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的误用,关系代词、连接代词的误用,代词主格与代词宾格的误用,代词单数与代词复数的误用,各个不定代词之间的误用,反身代词与代词宾格之间的误用,代词的指代错误,定语从句中多用代词等 11.主谓一样 12.句法 1主谓语在数上的一样; I hope everything are ok with you.are 改为is 2名词性从句; A man came up to him and asked what he needed.3定语从句; This would save the life of many animals, some of whi

23、ch have almost died out.4强调句型;It is/was +被强调的部分+that/who 句子结构的连贯性、完好性、对等性及规律性。 第三篇:短文改错常见考点 短文改错技巧 一、短文改错常见考点设置: 1.考点设置之名词 命题特点:原来用复数,却用单数.改正方法:(1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份;(2)根据上下文的规律关系.详解: 1.She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success.2.After class we become stranger at once. 3.They want me to de

24、vote all my time to my studies so that Ill get marks in all my subject.4.On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.5.There are advantage for students to work while studying at school.6.He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests.7.I looked at his other hands.

25、2.考点设置之代词 命题特点:1.女性代词指代男性或相反;2.单数指代复数;3.代词词性误用。改正方法:联系上下文的规律关系。 代词的错误特点:1.人称代词的偷换错误 2.缺少人称代词的错误 3.人称代词数的一样问题 4.人称代词格的一样问题 详解: The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.()I have a good friend whos name is Liu Mei.()It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain.The three of them

26、were very excited.Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English.One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher.Some students may also save up for our college or future use.3.考点设置之介词命题特点及改正方法:介词涉及搭配错误,因此可从以下方面确定错误:1介词的基本用法;2习惯搭配;3动词词类确定错误,

27、如talk, serve, wait等。 介词短语常常考,固定搭配要记牢。介词后边跟宾语,结合语境细推敲。详解: We do not seem to get much time to talk about together. I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English.Well talk

28、 with our plan for the weekend over dinner.I am writing to thank you with your kind help.He was looking for a glass the cupboard.Each these lines stands for a trouble in my life.4.考点设置之时态 命题特点及改正方法:如今时与过去时的误用,句中一般没有时间状语。每年都考。要留意联系上下文,着眼于整个语篇的时态。通常整篇都是过去,突然一个句子用如今时。其中又以一般如今时和过去时互改为多。详解: They did not

29、want me to do any work at home;they wantme to devote all my time to my studies so that-The time passes quickly.Evening came.She liked it very much and reads it to the class. I dont know that they dont like to talk with me.Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class.I will write again and s

30、end you the photos we take together.We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B&B hotel ago.5.andbutor误用及前后不一样 命题特点:主要考查and、or、but、so等并列连词的误用。 改正方法;1根据句意确定误; 2根据句子的规律关系确定错误。详解:)She is smiling at me but nodding at me. It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.The food was ex

31、pensive and the service was good. I came into the living room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door but turn on the light.We fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.She liked it very much and reads it to the class.6.考点设置之从句连词 命题特点及改正方法:句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等。解答这类题从以下方面来思索:1

32、句子结构是否完好,成份是否冗缺;2复合句中边接方句和从句的关系词或引导词的运用是否得当等。详解: It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.I dont know that they dont like to talk with me. The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate everything into English.Earning their own money allows them to sp

33、end on anything as if they please.They did not want breakfast because that they were going out early in the morning.7.考点设置之冠词 命题特点及改正方法:英语中冠词只有三个,只能从以下几个方向出题:1不定冠词a和an互改;2不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改;3根据需要增删冠词。详解: As everyone knows, its famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.We may be one family

34、and live under a same roof, but- On Thursday I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend.I hope youve had pleasant journey home8.考点设置之形容词和副词 命题特点及改正方法:主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。1根据adj.或adv.的基本用法确定错误;2修饰连系动词或名词用形容词;3修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。详解: I would describe myself as shy and quietly. Th

35、ere have been reports in America about people trying to steal person information for bad purposes.Finding information on the Net is easily. So what I learned from the job was much more important as what I earned.My pronunciation was terribly.They came back lately and had some tea.9.考点设置之非谓语动词 命题特点改正

36、方法:1谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用;2动词不定式和动名词的错用;3如今分词和过去分词的错用等。详解: Earning their own money allow them to spend on anything as they please.My parents will do all they can make sure that I get a good education. Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English.We fed

37、monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. Some students may also to save up for our college or future use. 二、短文改错口诀 动词形,名词数,还要留意形和副;非谓语,细区分,习惯用法要记住; 句子成分多分析,规律错误须关注;冠词连词常光临.详解: 一动词形:主要包括两类错误:动词的时态和语态错误,以及主、谓不一样的错误。动词形常见错误: 1一般过去时与一般 如今时错用。2第三人称单数形式错用。 2and 前后动词时态不一样。(and具有对称性4主谓不一样。5缺少谓语动词尤其缺be动词6

38、主动语态与被动语态错用 7Used to 的运用错误 二名词数:指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。改正方法: 根据名词前的修饰限定成份根据上下文的规律关系 三还要留意形和副:留意形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错题的常考点。命题特点及改正方法:主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。根据adj或adv的基本用法确定错误;修饰连系动词或名词用形容词;修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。 四非谓语,细区分:这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有如今分词、过去分词,动名词和不定式错误。1不定式2动名词作主语、宾语3and 连接的不定式

39、或动名词前后一样尤其距离较远时4如今分词和过去分词的区分等。 五习惯用法要记住:主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础学问,其错误表现形式主要有三种:多词、少词和搭配错误。 六句子成分多分析:不同的句子成分要用不同的词类;不同的语境要选择不同的词语。只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析,才能找出用词不当的错误。 七规律错误须关注:与句子的上、下文不一样,甚至相冲突,属于规律性错误,如称谓上的张冠李戴。 八冠词连词常光临:常考的错误形式有:连词but,and,or和so的用法错误,以及冠词的用法错误等。三.短文改错小结 做短文改错应实行六个步骤和四不改。详解:六个步骤: 1通读短文,整体把握短文大意。2细读全文

40、,逐句分析,把握结构,逐一作答。3粗略分析词法、句法、规律上是否有问题。4逐行修改,先易后难。5复读全文,验证答案。6要留意答题是否合乎规范。四不改: 标点符号不改。大小写不改。词序错误不改不是不改,而是按错词或少词来改)。 在纲外生词不改。文中出现带汉语注释的词,在句中不行能用错. 第四篇:中学英语短文改错常见改错类型总结 英语改错 纵观近几年高考题中的短文改错,不难看出,其错误形式基本上为:错词占6行左右;正确占一行;多词和缺词一般占3行左右。错误类型主要涉及动词、名词、形容词、副词、冠词、代词、介词、连词、主谓一样、固定结构等语法学问。其中,动词时态、语态、非谓语动词等是考查重点。 1.

41、谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点,常见动词错误类型有 一般如今时与一般过去时错用; and 前后动词时态不一样;主谓不一样;缺少动词,特别是be动词; I particularly enjoyed driving through the countrysidewith you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees.(and 连接的不定式或动名词前后不一样,故saw改为seeing) 8.介词错误:词组中的介词误用;介词意思理解偏差;介词的多用或少用 There are too many people among my

42、family.(among 改为in,in my family 为固定搭配) I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment myhead touched the pillow.(去掉 at, the moment 引导从句) 短文改错解题思路和检查原则 1.句中各部分的结构是否完好,特别是每个句子要有动词;2.谓语动词的时态、语态;3.非谓语动词的用法;4.名词的单、复数,格的运用是否正确;5.定冠词和不定冠词是否正确;6.代词的格和性的运用是否有误;7.定语从句中关系代词、副词是否精确无误;8.并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的附属连词用的是

43、否得当。 短文改错解题四原则 1.改动以最少为原则;2.虚词以添加或删除为原则;3.实词以变更词形为原则 4.以保持句子原意为原则。 短文改错解题步骤 1.通读全文,驾驭大意;2.整句分析,逐行推敲;3.反复通读,复查验证。 解题留意要点和实力培育 1.核对错项时,若确实有一时难以改出的地方,可以参考所改动项是否基本符合“1:1:8的比例。即多一词1个,缺词1个,错词8个。 2.核对改正的语法项目是否有重复。因为短文改错往往覆盖面广,一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象。 3.核对答题符号是否规范,位置是否精确,看看有无遗漏符号,忽视字母大小写和拼法等问题。 第五篇:经典短文改错 动词形,名词

44、数。还要留意形和副,物ing,修人用ed。遇连词,必停住,多词少词须关注,介词冠词占多数,固定搭配非谓语,反身代时主宾同。短文改错错不错,每句至少改一个。 1.The day is my dads birthday.This afternoon I went to the shopping center downtown, and hesitated for 迟疑(v)a moment,and then offered my seat to her.The old lady thanked me a lot and sat ready to help others in the future.2.Two years ,I travelled to BT and Ia car.Unfortunate,I had an accident and

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