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1、直接引语变间接引语直接引语变间接引语一、如何变人称：一、如何变人称：口诀：一随主。二随宾，三不变。口诀：一随主。二随宾，三不变。n“一随主一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：化如：nShesaid.Mybrotherwantstogoshoppingwithme.”nShesaidherbrotherwantedtogoshoppingwithher.“二随宾二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，是指直
2、接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：HesaidtoKate.Howisyoursisternow?”HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen。“第三人称不更新第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的第三人称或
3、被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：人称一般不需要变化如：Mr.Smithsaid,“Jackisagoodboy.”Mr.SmithsaidJackwasagoodboy.“What are you doing?”She asked meI was doing.what“Why do you like English?”He asked meI liked Englishwhy“How does she go to school?”She asked meShe went to school.how“Do you know my name?”She asked meI knew h
4、er name.Whether/if是否是否“Can you help me?”She asked meI could help her.Whether/if“Are you at home yesterday?”She asked meI was at home the day before.Whether/if“Are you ready?”She asked meI was ready.Whether/ifWhendoyouhavemath?(Theyaskedhim)Theyaskedhimwhenyouhavemathyou have math.hehadTheyaskedhimwh
5、enhe had math.Summary(总结总结)1.特殊疑问句直接引语变间接引语特殊疑问句直接引语变间接引语Doyouhavemath?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimWhether/ifyouhavemathyou have math.hehadTheyaskedhimwhether/ifhe had math.2.一般疑问句直接引语变间接引语一般疑问句直接引语变间接引语Canyouplaythepiano?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimWhether/ifYoucanplaythepianoyou can play the piano.hec
6、ouldTheyaskedhimwhether/ifhe could play the piano.Areyouateacher?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimWhether/ifyouareateacheryou are a teacher.hewasTheyaskedhimwhetherhewasateacher.1.Shesaidtome“Whyareyouinterestedinscience?”2.Sheaskedme_interestedinscience.3.2.Heaskedhim“whenwillyoubuytheredcoat?”4.Heaskedhi
7、m_buytheredcoat.5.3.Shirleyaskedme“Wherewereyouborn?”6.Shirleyaskedme_born.7.4.“Whatswrongwithyou?”Lilyaskedme.8.Lilyaskedme_with_.9.5.Thegirlaskedme“Whathappened?”10.Thegirlaskedme_.Exercises:whyIwaswhenhewouldwhereIwaswhatwaswrongmewhathappened注意：以下几种情况时态注意：以下几种情况时态不变不变直接引语是客观真理。直接引语是客观真理。Theteach
8、er said Theearthmovesaroundthesun.”Theteachersaidmetheearthmovesaroundthesunearth.直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：如：Jacksaid.IwasbornonApril2l,1980.直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。Jacksaid.“IwasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseeme”JacksaidhewasdoingchoreswhenTomcam
9、etoseehim.JacksaidhewasbornonApril21,1980.直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：Hesaid,“Igetupatsixeverymorning。”如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变（例：（例：could,should,would,might）Thedoctorsaid,“Youshouldstayinbedfor2days.”ThedoctorsaidIshoulds
10、tayinbedfor2days.”和已经是过去时的形式时和已经是过去时的形式时，例：例：oughtto，hadbetter,usedtoPetersaid.Youhadbettercomeheretoday.Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning.PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday.1.“Whereisshefrom?”Heaskedwhereshewasfrom.2.“Howoldarethey?”Heaskedhowoldtheywere.3.“Whatstheweatherliketoday?”Heaskedwhattheweat
11、herwaslikethatday.4.“Howdoyougotoschool?.”Heasked howyouwenttoschool.5.“Whoissinging?”Heasked whowassinging.6.“Whendoyougetup?”HewantedtoknowwhenIgotup.now-thenyesterday-thedaybeforetoday-thatdaytomorrow-thenextdaylastweek/year-theweek/yearbeforethisweek/year-thatweek/yearnextweek/year-thenextweek/y
12、earaweek/yearago-aweek/yearbefore直接引语中直接引语中直接引语中直接引语中的的的的时间状语时间状语时间状语时间状语转换规则：转换规则：转换规则：转换规则：1.2、直接引语中的指示代词转换规则：直接引语中的指示代词转换规则：3、直接引语中动词直接引语中动词come在间接引语中用在间接引语中用go:4、直接引语中副词直接引语中副词here在间接引语中用在间接引语中用there：5、如果是在当天或在原地转达，则上述时间状语如果是在当天或在原地转达，则上述时间状语或地点状语一律或地点状语一律不变：不变：thisthatthesethose1.Shesaid“Illcom
13、ethisevening.”Shesaid(that)shewouldgothatevening.2.Mysistersaidtome,“Imleavingtomorrow.”Mysistertoldme(that)shewasleavingthenext(following)day.3.Hesaid,“Mymotherisnotherenow.”Hesaid(that)hismotherwasnottherethen.4.Nancysaid,”Iamveryhappytoday.”Nancysaid(that)shewasveryhappythatday.5.Hesaid,“Theearth
14、goesroundthesun.”Hesaid(that)theearthgoesroundthesun.1.直接引语是直接引语是陈述句陈述句变为间接引语的方法变为间接引语的方法 引导词为引导词为:语序语序:that不变不变(that可省略可省略)2.直接引语是直接引语是特殊疑问句特殊疑问句变为间接引语的方法变为间接引语的方法 引导词为引导词为:语序语序:1.“Whatdoyouwant?”heaskedme.HeaskedmewhatIwanted.2.Theteacherasked,“Whydoyouwanttodothat?”TheteacheraskeduswhyIwantedtodo
15、that.3.Shesaid,“Wherehaveyoubeen?”SheaskedmewhereIhadbeen.4.Heaskedme,“Whichisthebest?”Heaskedmewhichwasthebest.特殊疑问词特殊疑问词wh-陈述（即主语在前，谓语在后）陈述（即主语在前，谓语在后）1.Hesaid,“Areyouinterestedinit?”Heasked(me)if/whetherIwasinterestedinit.2.Hesaid,“Doyoulikethisfilm?”Heaskedif/whetherIlikedthatfilm.3.Hesaidtome,“
16、Willyoubefreetomorrow?”Heaskedmeif/whetherIwouldbefreethenextday.4.“DoyoulikeEnglishornot?”heaskedme.HeaskedmewhetherIlikedEnglishornot.3.直接引语是直接引语是一般疑问句一般疑问句变为间接引语的方法变为间接引语的方法 引导词为引导词为:语序语序:if或或 whether陈述（即主语在前，谓语在后）陈述（即主语在前，谓语在后）注意：与注意：与注意：与注意：与oror或或或或 or notor not连用时，不用连用时，不用连用时，不用连用时，不用if if，要用，要用，要用，要用whether.whether.4.直接引语是直接引语是祈使句祈使句变为间接引语的方法变为间接引语的方法 间接引语应改为间接引语应改为“tell(ask,order等等)sb(not)todosth.”句型。句型。Shesaid,“Donttalk.”SheaskedthechildrenShesaid,“Bequiet.”SheaskedmeShesaid,“Putupyouhandsifyouhaveanyquestions.Shetoldustoputupourhandsifwehadanyquestions.tobequiet.nottotalk.