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1、五年高考练阅读理解（2019北京,D,在）Bytheendofthecentury, ifnotsooner, theworld，soceanswillbe bluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate, accordingtoanewstudy Attheheartofthephenomenonlietinymarinemicroorganisms（海 洋微生物）calledphytoplankton. Becauseofthewaylightreflectsofftheor ganisms, thesephytoplanktoncreatecolourful
2、patternsattheocean surface. Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue, dependingonthetype andconcentrationofphytoplankton. Climatechangewillfuelthegro wthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas, whilereducingitinotherspots, 1 eadingtochangesintheocean，sappearance.Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface, wheretheypullcarbond i
3、 oxide （二氧化碳）intotheoceanwhilegivingoffoxygen. Whentheseorganismsdie, t heyburycarboninthedeepocean, animportantprocessthatheIpstore gulatetheglobalclimate. Butphytoplanktonarevulnerabletotheoc ean swarmingtrend. Warmingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheocea nandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth, sincetheyne
4、ednotonlysunlig htandcarbondioxidetogrow, butalsonutrients.StephanieDutkiewicz, ascientistinMIT，sCenterforGlobalCha ngeScience, buiItaclimatemodeIthatprojectschangestotheoceans throughoutthecentury. Inaworldthatwarmsupby3, itfoundthatmuItiplechangestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur. Themodelproje cts
5、thatcurrentlyblueareaswithlittlephytoplanktoncouldbecome evenbluer. Butinsomewaters, suchasthoseoftheArctic, awarmingwi llmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton, andtheseareaswi11turn greener.“Notonlyarethequantitiesofphytoplanktonintheoceanchanging, “shesaid, butthetypeofphytoplanktonischanging. ”Andw
6、hydoesthatmatter?Phytoplanktonarethebaseofthefoodwe b. Ifcertainkindsbegintodisappearfromtheocean, Dutkiewiczsaid, uitwillchangethetypeoffishthatwillbeabletosurvive. ”Thosekindsofchangescouldaffectthefoodchain.Whatevercolourchangestheoceanexperiencesinthecomingdeca deswillprobablybetoogradualandunno
7、ticeable, buttheycouldmean significantchanges.“It llbeawhilebeforewecanstatisticallyshowthatthechangesar ehappeningbecauseofclimatechange, “ Dutkiewiczsaid,butthechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbeoneoftheearlywarni ngsignalsthatwereallyhavechangedourplanet. ” 词汇积累phenomenon/?.现象；杰出的人1. reflect匕反映，映出（
8、影像）；反射（声、光、热等）；显示varyfrom. . to.（根据情况）从到变化2. fuelK增加；加强;刺激giveoff释放，放出，发出（热量、气味等）3. process.（为达到某一目标的）过程;进程characteristic/?.特征;特点;品质4. unnoticeableadj.不引人注意的；不易被人看到的；不明显的statisticallyaJK统计地；统计上地1. Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?A.Thevariouspatternsattheoceansurface.B.Thecauseofthechangesino
9、ceancolour.C.Thewaylightreflectsoffmarineorganisms.D.Theeffortstofuelthegrowthofphytoplankton.2. Whatdoestheunder1inedword “vulnerable”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Sensitive. B. Beneficial.C.Significant. D. Unnoticeable.3. Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A. Phytoplanktonplayadecliningroleinthemarineecosy
10、stem.B. Dutkiewicz smodelaimstoprojectphytoplanktonchanges.C. Phytoplanktonhavebeenusedtocontrolglobalclimate.D. Oceanswithmorephytoplanktonmayappeargreener.4. Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toassesstheconsequencesofoceancolourchanges.B. Toanalysethecompositionoftheoceanfoodchain.C. Toexplainthe
11、effectsofclimatechangeonoceans.D. Tointroduceanewmethodtostudyphytoplankton.五年高考练语篇解读本文为说明文,主题语境为人与自然,主题语境内容为人 与环境。气候变暖导致了海洋浮游植物的变化,进而影响到海洋颜色 的变化。文章侧重于引导学生关注自然生态，增强环境保护的意识。1 . B主旨大意题。文章第一段给出了海洋颜色变化的原因,第二段具 体说明了海洋颜色变化的原因在于海洋浮游植物的类型和浓度的变 化。综上所述,前两段主要说明了海洋颜色变化的原因，故选B项。2 . A词义猜测题。根据下文气候变暖改变了海洋的主要特点,影响了
12、浮游植物的生长,结合关键词changes和affect可综合推断出浮游植 物对海洋变暖的趋势是比较敏感的,故选A项（敏感的）。B:有益的;C: 重大的;D:不被注意的。3 .D推理判断题。根据第四段中Butinsomewaters. . . awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperforphytopl ankton, andtheseareaswi 11 turngreener.可知，在更适宜浮游植物生 长的地方,海洋的颜色会变得更绿,故选D项（有更多浮游植物的海洋 可能看上去更绿）。4 .C推理判断题。根据全文，尤其是中心段落第一段中theworld，soceanswi
13、llbebluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimat e可知,文章的主要目的是解释气候变化对海洋尤其是其颜色的影响, 故选C项。A项（评估海洋颜色变化产生的后果）、B项（分析海洋食物 链的构成）和D项（介绍一种研究浮游植物的新方法）均不符合文章目 的,故排除。长难句分析原句Whentheseorganismsdie, theyburycarboninthedeepocean, animport antprocessthathelpstoregulatetheglobalclimate.分析本句为主从复合句。句子的主干为theyburycarbono thathelpstoregulatetheglobalclimate 为定语从句，先行词为processo句意当这些微生物死亡时,它们将碳埋在深海中，这是一个有助于调 节全球气候的重要过程。