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1、题型七概要写作才【专题导航】目录一、考情解读1二、命题分析预测1三、析考情题型突破1四、链高考探究3五、考法解题能力提升6六、精选考点题型专练10Writing 110Writing2（生活感悟）12Writing 3（健康）14Writing 4（环保）16Writing 517Writing 619Writing 720Writing 822一、考情解读提供一篇350词以内的阅读材料,要求考生根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。二、命题分析预测根据这两次高考题的命题难度和区分度可知，未来高考英语对该题型的考查仍将以议论文、 说明文为主，主题语境仍将涉及“人与社会“或“人与自我”。聚焦核心
2、素养.语言能力:综合运用语言知识创新、恰当地进行表达。1 .思维品质:分析推断文章的逻辑，梳理、概括信息,进行创新思维表达。三、析考情-题型突破(1)主被动语态的相互转换Two experiments were carried out by a psychologist.A psychologist performed two experiments.(2)特殊句式与正常语序的相互转换Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information.You will obtain all the info
3、rmation if you ask many different questions.(3)从句之间的相互转换He concludes that people do not have the ability to sense when theyre being stared at. His conclusion is that people are not equipped with the ability to feel others* obsen ation.(4)从句压缩、转换状语从句转换为介词短语When he arrives, please send me an e-mail. O
4、n his arrival, please send me an e-mail.条件状语从句转换为非谓语结构If everything is considered, his plan seems to be more workable. Everything taken into consideration, his plan seems to be more workable.4 .正话反说(1)1 quite agree with you.1 couldnt agree with you more.(2)His hometown is (he most beautiful place.一N
5、o place is more beautiful than his hometown.5 .反话正说(l)Without advertising, it will be very difficult for customers to judge the worth of a product.With advertising, it will be very easy for customers to judge the worth of a product.(2)Thc most important step is to fill in the application form withou
6、t any false information.Its essential to fill in the application form correctly.六、精选考点题型专练Writing 1阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。You might think that whether you choose a blue shirt or a yellow one for work or college makes no difference to your day and the people around you. However, an increasing numb
7、er of experts argue that the colors we choose affect our moods, our career prospects (前景)and even our health.The power of color has been used for centuries and wc should make the most of it in our lives. Color affects us to a greater degree than most of us realize. It is used increasingly by psychol
8、ogists and therapists for influencing moods and stales of mind, and for various types of treatments when we are ill.Companies use color to great effect to encourage us to buy their products. For example, purple is seen to represent creativity and mixes well with red, to show that a company has ideas
9、 and the power to make them happen. Orange and blue are also recommended colors for companies to use, because orange is the color of communication and blue suggests safety and security. So this could be a particularly good combination. Companies have found certain colors speak to specific age groups
10、. They often use red (o attract younger people to iheir products, for example, as it is vibrant and more youthful than colors like gold and navy, which older customers seem to prefer.Wearing different colors can affect how you feel and how others react to you, so it is important to consider this whe
11、n you decide what to wear in the morning. If you want people to take you seriously, then wearing navy-blue or black is good. Blue would also be helpful for an interview or oral examination because it relaxes you and makes you feel calm. Red gets you noticed by everyone and makes you, (he wearer, fee
12、l energetic, but be careful, as it can raise your pulse rate and not everyone wants this effect.So think carefully before you leave the house. The colors you choose are a wonderful tool. Are you making the right impression on yourself and on others?【写作指导】本文属于说明文,文章主要说明了颜色对我们生活多方面的影响。第一段的主要点是an incre
13、asing number of experts argue that the colors we choose affect our moods, our career prospects（前景）and even our health,由此可知，专家们认为我们选择的函I 色会影响我们的心情、职业前景甚至健康。可以概括为Some experts claim that the colors chosen by us affect our moods, careers and health.*第二段的主要点是Color affects us to a greater degree than most
14、 of us realize,由此可知, 颜色对我们的影响比我们大多数人意识到的要大得多;次要点是It is used increasingly by psychologists and therapists.when we are ill,由此可知,色彩也被用于医疗。综合主、次要点信 息可知，色彩对我们的影响比我们大多数人意识到的要大，并且它现在还用于医疗。可以概括 为The effect of color is greater than expected and it is now used for medical care.”。第三段的主要点是Companies use color to
15、 great effect to encourage us to buy their products,次要点是Companies have found certain colors speak to specific age groups”,由此可 知，本段讲述的是公司将颜色应用于促销，以吸引不同年龄段的人。可以概括为“Companies apply color to sales promotion to appeal to different age groups.”。第四段的主要点是Wearing different colors can affect how you feel and
16、how others read （o you,第五段的主要点是think carefully before you leave the house,次要点是making the right impression%这两段都是讲衣服颜色的重要性何以合并为一个要点:因为衣服的颜色会 影响我们的感受和别人对我们的反应，所以我们穿什么很重要。可以概括为“As the color of our clothes can affect our feelings and othcrs, reactions to us, what wc wear matters.o第二段讲述色彩可用于医疗，第三段讲述色彩还可以用
17、于商品促销，所以可用also, moreover, whats more 或 in addition 等衔接第二句与第三句。【参考范文】Some experts claim that the colors chosen by us affect our moods, careers and health.（要点 1 ）The effect of color is greater than expected and it is now used for medical care.（要点 2）Also, companies apply color to sales promotion to app
18、eal to different age groups.（要点 3）As the color of our clothes can affect our findings and others reactions to us, what wc wear matters.（要点 4） Writing!（生活感悟）阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。These days our society develops rapidly and forces people to rush. It appears that people have got used to being in a
19、huiTy. However, its better fbr people to take their time and live their lives at a slower pace than to hurry to get things done.The main reason that convinces us to oppose doing work in a hurry is (he possibility of doing wrong in a rush. When people do their jobs or take action in a hurry, they can
20、t make a sound decision and probably regret it later. As the saying goes, Haste makes waste, We should think carefully before making a decision and do our work less quickly. Wc should not make mistakes by doing work hurriedly.Slowing down the pace of life helps people enjoy their lite better. For ex
21、ample, taking a train to some place certainly will lake more lime than taking a plane. However, taking a train makes people have enough time to get to know a lot of new friends. Besides, it allows people to fully enjoy the beautiful scenery along the way. On the contrary, being in a hurry will make
22、us lose chances of enjoying our life.Finally, a slower life pace provides better health condition for us. As is known to all, taking action in a hurry bothers people and raises their stress. People think if they arc not in a hurry, they will become a loser and that annoys them. But being in a hurry
23、can hurt people both physically and mentally. According to some studies, people who have a slower pace suffer fewer diseases, (end to be happier and live much longer than those whose life is tense, even if the former finish work more slowly than the latter.In short, working quickly will bring about
24、more material benefits to make our society more advanced. Yet, much stress cant bring enjoyment, friends and health, which arc much more important than money and other material advantages. Therefore, take your time and live your life at a slower pace.【写作指导】抓住主要论点,理清论证关系。材料为议论文,第一段就提出了文章的论点，即人们要放 慢生活
25、节奏;第二、三、四段分析了要放慢节奏的原因;第五段总结全文，再次强调论点。（2）研读核心信息，合理处理论据。论据是让论点更易被人接受的支持性事实材料。所给 材料中的第二、三、四段举了一些例子，分析了放慢节奏的好处。因而,在进行概要写作的时 候,我们需要对论据进行适当的安排与处理。（3）确立语篇主题，合理重组结构。材料第一段首先表明了文章的中心论点，即Despite being accustomed to the fast pace in modern society, people arc recommended to lead a slower life（要点I）;第二段论述了要放慢节奏的原
26、因之一，即Slowing down lowers the possibility of committing errors by comprehensive ihinking（要点2）;第三段论述了要放慢节奏的原因之二, 即More opportunities to enjoy life are allowed by a slower pace（要点 3）;第四段论述了 要放慢 节奏的原因之三，即Better health condition is also what a slower life brings（要点 4）;第五段总 结全篇，即Live a slower life from no
27、w on（要点5）。通过以上分析，我们可以发现材料的论述 结构:提出论点（要点1）论据论证（要点2-4）总结全篇（要点5）o在概要写作的时候, 我们必须首先确定采取何种表达顺序来完成对材料中心的表述。【参考范文】Despite being accustomed to （he fast pace in modern society, people are recommended to lead a slower life.（要点 1） Firstly, slowing down lowers the possibility of committing errors by comprehensiv
28、e thinking.（要点 2）Secondly, more opportunities to enjoy life are allowed by a slower pace.（要点 3） Lastly, better health condition is also what a slower life brings.（要点 4） Therefore, lefs live a slower life from now on.（要点 5） Writing 3 （健康）阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。As humans, were all completely differ
29、ent. So there isnt a one-size-fits-all answer to being your healthiest self. Instead, you have to have the ability to work out whats the greatest on your body. And that is at all times going to depend upon things that have an effect on you personally, together with the lifestyle that you choose.What
30、 plays the most important role is what you daily cat. Natural trans fats（反式月旨肪）are present in small quantities in milk products and meals, and consuming fat-free or low-fat milk products and meals will cut back the quantities of pure Irans fats taken in from these foods. Because quantities of natura
31、l trans fats in milk products and meats are really small and these foods can be essential sources of vitamins, these foods do not need to be removed from the food plan.Another method that you could help your body is to be a bit more lively. We all know that exercise is good fbr us. However, its simp
32、le to underestimate(低估)its good. For example, we can often see that many people quit exercising halfvvay because they simply cant tolerate the difficulty that exercise brings them. Actually, it is easy to have the intention to take up exercise but it is very challenging to carry it on until you can
33、see the positive effect that exercise brings you.How healthy you are is indicated by the level of a substance in your blood referred to as homocysieine(高半胱氨酸).Keeping your homocysteine level low, indicating that youll be able to rapidly adapt and respond to lifes stresses, is the third secret of 100
34、 percent health. A low homocysteine level means a smaller risk of heart attacks, mental illness and many other health issues. To balance your blood sugar, eat fewer fast-releasing meals (sweets, cakes and biscuits) and more slow-releasing foods (fruit and vegetables, wholegrain foods). Additionally,
35、 you must cat slowly rather than just swallow.【文章大意】Paragraph 1:作为人类，我们完全不同。因此，就如何成为最健康的人，没有一个万能的答 案。这取决于对你个人有影响的事物以及你选择的生活方式。Paragraph 2:影响健康最重要的因素是你的日常饮食。奶制品和肉类中存在少量的天然 的反式脂肪，而这些食物是维生素的重要来源，因此无须把它们排除在你的饮食计划之外。Paragsph 3:保持健康的另一种方式是让你的身体更加活跃一些。锻炼对我们有好处,但 其好处很容易被低估。许多人会因不能忍受锻炼的困难而半途而废。事实上，有意进行锻炼 很容易
36、，但要坚持锻炼直到看到锻炼带来的积极影响很困难。Paragraph 4:血液中高半胱氨酸的水平表明了你的健康程度。保持低水平的高半胱氨酸 意味着你可以快速适应生活压力并作出反应，并且可以降低一些疾病发生的风险。【参考范文】Theres no fixed answer to being the healthiest things affecting you personally and your life choices both matter.（要点 1） Therefore, to stay healthy, you must pay attention to your daily diet
37、 but neednt exclude foods containing natural trans fhts.（要点 2） Additionally, taking exercise isnecessary but you must stick to it to enjoy （he benefits.（要点 3） Moreover, keeping a low homocysteine level is also a good way, which can help you deal with stresses and reduce the risk of health problems.（
38、要点 4）Writing 4 （环保）阅读卜.面短文，根据其内容写一篇6（）词左右的内容概要。In the deepest dive in a manned submersible（潜艇），US explorer Victor Vescovo spotted and video-recorded a plastic bag and a pile of candy wrappers on （he seabed. His discovery of plastic waste 11.2 kilometers below sea level in the Challenger Deep in the
39、Pacific Ocean, （he deepest known point in the Earths oceans, means there is nowhere on this planet plastic waste cannot reach, as it has been found on Mount Qomolangma and in both Arctic and Antarctic waters.Since the patent（专利）for plastics was registered in 1907, 8.3 billion tons of plastic product
40、s have already been produced, of which 6.3 billion have been gotten rid of without being processed. Most of the abandoned plastic products end up in the ocean. In the Pacific Ocean, plastic garbage and other waste have already formed an island, which is 1.6 million square kilometers in size. It is e
41、stimated that the total weight of plastic waste will reach 12 billion tons by 2050, more than the total weight of oceanic fish.Plastic waste kills life in the oceans and on the land alike by filling in their stomachs so they cannot cat, or winding itself around their bodies so they cannot breathe. I
42、t pollutes the Earth and prevents plants roots from digging deep into the ground. Plastic micro-panicles（微颗粒）also join the water cycle and enter the bodies of animals and even humans. As humans are at the lop of the food chain, plastic micro-particles build up inside our bodies.Want to do something
43、to change the situation? Dont get plastic bags at the supermarket but take your own reusable one instead. Give up fast delivery lunches and cook or go to the restaurant instead. Get into the habit of sorting your garbage. But its easier said than done. Environmentalists have been calling for behavio
44、ral changes for at least three decades, yet wc continue to use a growing amount of plastic products. Maybe we can hope a new environmentally friendly material is used in （he future, but for now at least, unless we control its use, plastic is going to continue to get everywhere.【文章大意】Paragraph 1:塑料垃圾
45、已经到达地球的每个角落,包括海洋的最深处、珠穆朗玛峰及南 北极海域。Paragraph 2:0 1907年塑料专利注册以来，大晟塑料制品被生产出来，且大多数的塑料垃 圾最终都流入了海洋。据估计，到2050年塑料垃圾的总重量将达到120亿吨，超过了海洋的类 的总重量。Paragr叩h 3:塑料垃圾杀死了海洋和陆地生物，污染了地球，而且塑料微颗粒在动物甚至 人类体内积聚。Paragraph 4:要改变这种现状，我们应该使用可重复使用的袋子，不点外卖而是自己做饭 或外出就餐，并养成垃圾分类的习惯。尽管这说起来容易做起来难，但是我们必须改变我们的 行为来减少塑料的使用。【参考范文】Plastic wa
46、ste has reached every corner of the Birth, including the deepest point in the ocean, the highest mountain and polar regions.（要点 1）And it will continue to grow rapidly, most of which eventually flows into the oceans.（要点 2）Plastic waste kills sea life and land life. It poisons the ground, and its inic
47、ro-particlcs accumulate in the bodies of animals, even humans.（要点 3）ln spite of difficulty, changes in action must be made to cut down plastic use.（要点 4）Writing 5阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Its a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply because their websites can all start to look and sound
48、 the same. Nothing will give you the sense of what it will actually be like to live on a college campus（校园）like visiting and seeing for yourself the dorms, classrooms and athletic equipment and, of course, the students. It seems a little crazy once senior year hits to find the time to visit college
49、campuses, and it can also be pricey if the schools you are applying to happen to be more than a car ride away. But keep in mind that you are making a decision about （he next four years of your life, and do all the research you can to make sure you are making the right one.Theres no excuse not to visit the schools in your local ar