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1、连词2021/8/9 星期一1because,for,since,as 的区别：的区别：because语气强，表示客观必然原因：语气强，表示客观必然原因：He is absent,because he is ill.for语气轻，表示非客观必然的原因，是主观可语气轻，表示非客观必然的原因，是主观可改变结果的原因，甚至是猜测可能的原因：改变结果的原因，甚至是猜测可能的原因：He is absent,for he is busy.He must be ill,for he is absent.2021/8/9 星期一2 since,as 都是不讲自明的原因，是已知的都是不讲自明的原因，是已知的原因
2、：原因：Since I am a boy,let me carry the case.As you dont fell well,you had better stay at home.2021/8/9 星期一3When,while,as 引导时间状语的区别：引导时间状语的区别：1、When可指时间点，又可指时间段，从句中可可指时间点，又可指时间段，从句中可用延续性动词，也可用非延续性动词。用延续性动词，也可用非延续性动词。When I got home,he was having supper.When I got home,he was having supper.When I was y
3、oungWhen I was young，I liked dancingI liked dancing2、While总是指一个时间段，从句中必须用延总是指一个时间段，从句中必须用延续性动词。续性动词。While I sleptWhile I slept，a thief broke in.a thief broke in.Dont talk so loud while others are working.2021/8/9 星期一43、as 表示两个动作同时发生：一个主语同时表示两个动作同时发生：一个主语同时进行两个动作：一种状态随另一种状态的变进行两个动作：一种状态随另一种状态的变化而变化。化
4、而变化。表示表示当当时时一面一面一面一面，随着随着。从句中多用表示动作的动词，而。从句中多用表示动作的动词，而不用不用be动词或表示感觉、理解、知道这类动动词或表示感觉、理解、知道这类动词。词。As he stood there,he saw two men enter the bar.She dropped the glass as she stood up.The students took notes as they listened.As it grew darker it became colder.2021/8/9 星期一5注意：注意：whenwhen从句与主句动作先后发生时，不能
5、与从句与主句动作先后发生时，不能与whilewhile，asas互换。如：互换。如：When he has finished his workWhen he has finished his work，he takes a he takes a short restshort rest(when=after)(when=after)When I got to the cinemaWhen I got to the cinema，the film had the film had already begun.(when=before)already begun.(when=before)2021
6、/8/9 星期一6whenwhen从句动词为终止性动词时不能由从句动词为终止性动词时不能由whilewhile替换。如：替换。如：When he came yesterdayWhen he came yesterday，we were we were playing basketballplaying basketball说明：此时说明：此时whenwhen也不能用也不能用asas替换，因为替换，因为asas从句为终止性动词时，主句通常也必须是从句为终止性动词时，主句通常也必须是终止性动词。终止性动词。2021/8/9 星期一7当从句的谓语是表动作的延续性动词，当从句的谓语是表动作的延续性动词
7、，when,whilewhen,while和和asas才有可能互相替代。如：才有可能互相替代。如：WhileWhileWhenWhenAs we were still laughing,As we were still laughing,the teacher came in.the teacher came in.正当我们仍在大声嘻正当我们仍在大声嘻笑时，老师进来了。笑时，老师进来了。从句表示从句表示 随时间推移随时间推移 连词能用连词能用asas，不用，不用when when 或或whilewhile。As the day went on,the weather got worse.As
8、the day went on,the weather got worse.日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。2021/8/9 星期一8当从句的谓语是终止性动词，而且主句当从句的谓语是终止性动词，而且主句的谓语也是终止性动词时，的谓语也是终止性动词时，whenwhen可和可和asas通通用，而且用用，而且用asas比用比用whenwhen在时间上更为紧凑，在时间上更为紧凑，有有“正当这时正当这时”的含义。如：的含义。如：He came just as(He came just as(或或 when)I reached when)I reached the door.t
9、he door.。从句的谓语动词如表示状态时，通常用从句的谓语动词如表示状态时，通常用whilewhile。如：。如：We must strike while the iron is hot.We must strike while the iron is hot.。2021/8/9 星期一9When,while 的其他用法：的其他用法：1.We were having supper when the telephone began to ring.2.Why use metal when you can use plastic.3.I like playing football while
10、he likes tennis.4.While I admit his good points,I can see his shortcoming.5.5.While he loves his students,he is While he loves his students,he is very strict with themvery strict with them2021/8/9 星期一10whether 与与 if 均均为为“是是否否”的的意意思思。但但在在下下列情况下，列情况下，whether 不能被不能被 if 所取代：所取代：1.whether 引引导导主主语语从从句句（包包
11、括括从从句句在在句句首首的的位置）应当用位置）应当用whether，不用，不用if，如：，如：Whether it is true remains a problem.Whether he will come,I am not sure.2.引导表语从句用引导表语从句用whether，不用，不用if，如：，如：The question is whether you should accept it.Whether;if 用法区别用法区别2021/8/9 星期一113.whether可可以以引引导导从从句句作作介介词词的的宾宾语语，而而if 则则不能，如：不能，如：Im not interest
12、ed in whether theyll go or not.It depends on whether we have got enough money.4.whether可可以以直直接接跟跟动动词词不不定定式式连连用用，而而if 则则不能，如：不能，如：I didnt know whether to laugh or to cry.She hasnt decided whether to go or not.2021/8/9 星期一125.引导同位语从句用引导同位语从句用whether，不用，不用if，如：，如：The question whether hell attend the me
13、eting is essential.2021/8/9 星期一131.I think George doesnt really care for TV plays.Right,_ he still watches the program.(NMET 2004 重庆重庆)A.and B.but C.or D.so2021/8/9 星期一142._ modeling business is by no means easy to get into,the good model will always be in demand.(NMET 2004 浙江浙江)A.While B.Since C.As
14、 D.If3._ I accept that he is not perfect,I do actually like the person.(NMET 2004 江苏江苏)A.While B.Since C.Before D.Unless2021/8/9 星期一154.I do every single bit of housework _my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.(NMET 2004 III)A.since B.while C.when D.as5._ you call me to say youre not comi
15、ng,Ill see you at the theatre.(NMET 2004 II)A.Though B.WhetherC.Until D.Unless2021/8/9 星期一166.Stand over there _ youll be able to see it better.(NMET 2004天津天津)A.or B.while C.but D.and7.It was evening _ we reached the little town of Winchester.(NMET 2004天津天津)A.that B.until C.since D.before2021/8/9 星期一178.We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started.(2004 北京北京 春春)A.when B.while C.until D.before9._ I can see,there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.(2004 北京北京 春春)A.As long as B.As far asC.Just as D.Even if2021/8/9 星期一182021/8/9 星期一192021/8/9 星期一20