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1、高考英语必背语法填空知识高考语法填空易错必背一、部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词broadcast(broadcast,broadcast)广播flee(fled,fled)逃跑forbid(forbade,forbidden)禁止forgive(forgave,forgiven)原谅freeze(froze,frozen)结冰hang(作“绞死”讲,是规则的;作“悬挂”讲,其过去式过去分词都是hung)lie(作“说谎”讲时,是规则的;作“位于”讲时,其过去式是lay,过去分词是lain)seek(sought,sought)寻求shake(shook,shaken)发抖sing(san
2、g,sung)sink(sank,sunk/sunken)下沉spread(spread,spread)传播swim(swam,swum)tear(tore,torn)撕碎weave(wove,woven)二、以下动词加-ed或-ing要双写最后一个字母双写规则口诀:重读闭音节有特点,词尾是两“辅”夹一“元”。若把-ing,-er(-est),-ed添,辅音字母要双写全。注:两“辅”夹一“元”:指单词最后三个字母是“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母”(最后一个字母如是w,x,y除外),其中元音字母所发的音是该单词的重音。即“以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词”。admit(admitted,admi
3、tting)承认permit(permitted,permitting)允许regret(regretted,regretting)后悔forget(forgotten,forgetting)忘记unforgettablecontrol(controlled,controlling)控制occur(occurred,occurring)出现prefer(preferred,preferring)宁愿refer(referred,referring)提到equip(equipped,equipping)装备注意:quarrel,signal,travel中的l可双写(英国英语)也可不双写(美国英
4、语)另外注意:destroy(destroyed)employ(employed)shyer;shyest三、容易拼写错的数字1.eighth第八2.ninth第九3.forty四十4.twelfth第十二5.twentieth第二十四、注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化longlength长度lengthen加长widewidth宽度widenhighheight高度heightenstrongstrength力量strengthen5.deepdepthdeepen6.shortshortnessshorten7.broadbroadnessbroaden8.largelargenessenla
5、rge五、以-ic结尾的动词,应先把-ic变为-ick,再加ing或edpicnic(picnicked,picnicking)野餐panic(panicked,panicked)a./v.惊慌,恐慌,惶恐不安六、个别名词的复数拼写German(Germans)德国人gulf(gulfs)海湾handkerchief(handkerchiefs)手帕hero(英雄),potato(土豆),tomato(西红柿)等有生命的以-o结尾的名词变复数时要加-es。roof(roofs)房顶stomach胃(其复数是stomachs而不是加es)七、常用复数形式noodles,vegetables,sn
6、acks小吃,快餐,makefriendswith与.交朋友,inhigh/lowspirits(情绪高涨/低落),havesports(进行体育活动)。congratulations(祝贺)。celebrations(庆祝),八、注意动词变名词时的拼写变化succeedsuccess成功pronouncepronunciation发音explainexplanation解释decidedecision决定enterentrance进入permitpermission允许refuserefusal拒绝considerconsideration考虑discoverdiscovery发现buryburial埋葬concludeconclusion得出结论arrivearrival到达weighweight重量14.press-pressure压力九、注意去不去e