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1、2022-2023学年北京市首都师大附属回龙观育新学校高二（上）期中英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共14小题，共28.0分）ALooking for a good book? We have the worlds largest collection of expert book recommendations.The following are books that have been recommended over and over again, suggesting they are some of the most important books ever written.Atomic
2、 Habits by James ClearAtomic Habits, published in 2018, will reshape the way you think about progress and success, and give you the tools and strategies you need to transform your habits.If youre having trouble changing your habits, the problem is your system.Bad habits repeat themselves again and a
3、gain because you have the wrong system for change.James Clear will help you get a proven system that can take you to new heights. The Looming Tower by Lawrence WrightThe Looming Tower by Lawrence Wright was published in 2O14.The book is the most detailed and thrilling account of the events that led
4、to the destruction of the Twin Towers, based on five years of research and hundreds of interviews.Ammonite by Nicola GriffithAmmonite, Griffiths first science fiction, which was published in 1992, won the Lambda Award and the James Tiptree Jr Award.lt tells us a thrilling story： A human expedition t
5、o the planet Jeep is nearly wiped out by a virus that kills all the men and most of the women.Some centuries later, Marghe is sent to test a vaccine on the people there.As she lives and moves among them, Marghe finds herself changed in unexpected ways.Walden by Henry David ThoreauFirst published in
6、1854, Walden details Thoreaus experiences over the course of two years, two months, and two days in a cabin he built near Walden Pond, in woodland owned by his friend Ralph Waldo Emerson, near Concord, Massachusetts.The book compresses the time into a single calendar year and uses passages of four s
7、easons to symbolize human development.1. Who wrote the book about the disaster of the Twin Towers?may jump forjoy when facing new experiences, (9) a shy person may feel (10) (embarrass) in front of a large group of people.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10) 五、阅读表达(本大题共1小题，共12.0分)30. In 1983, Howard Gard
8、ner,a professor at Harvard,published Frames of Mind： The Theory of Multiple Intelligences.In the book,he presented one type of intelligence that eveiyone must develop if they want to be successfuLThat is emotional intelligence.Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to identify and regulate you
9、r own emotions.lt means having a deep understanding of yourself,knowing your own strengths and weaknesses,and handling reactions and emotions wisely.Emotional intelligence is critical for success in almost any field and it is especially important for high-stress environments,for example,when times a
10、re tough and when a person wants to quit or is fearful.We all know highly emotional people.Rather than react wisely,they tend to let their emotions run their lives,often saying or doing something they may later regret.Ive seen many people do this on social media,getting in arguments with loved ones
11、over trivial stuff because they have different opinions.This inability to master the self leads to many struggles and heartaches for people.Emotional intelligence does not mean being void (没有)of emotions.lt means you know it is okay to be angry Just not out-of-control angry.You know its okay to feel
12、 hurt,but it is not okay to do something stupid in the name of revenge(报复).Many of us know people who are very intelligent,butallow their emotions to damage their lives.Now,reflect on how you manage your emotions.Are you smart in the way you express what youre feeling,especially when the pressure is
13、 on?(1) According to the passage,what is emotional intelligence？ (2) How do highly emotional people deal with their emotions? (3) Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why.Its important to keep your emotions under control,so when you get hurt,you
14、should neither get angry nor do stupid things for revenge.(4) In your daily life,what can you do to better manage your emotions? 六、书面表达(本大题共1小题，共20.0分)31 .假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim最近在读关于成功的书籍，在给你的 邮件中提到想要了解你心目中的成功人士。想请你介绍一位你所钦佩的成功人物。请你给Jim 回信，内容包括：1 .该人物是谁；2 .他/她成功的秘诀是什么；3 .该人物的事迹和主要贡献；4 .该人物对你的影响。注意
15、：1 .词数100左右；2,开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jim,Yours,Li Hua答案和解析13.【答案】B、C、B【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。由文章第三段The book is the most detailed and thrilling account of the events that led to the destruction of the Twin Towers, based on five years of research and hundreds of interviews.（这本书是最详细且惊心动魄地描述那些导致双子塔毁灭的事件，以五年来的研究和
16、成百上千的调查为基础。）可知，The Looming Tower by Lawrence Wright这本书描述的是Twin Towerso故选B项。（2）C.细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段Ammonite, Griffiths first science fiction, which was published in 1992, won the Lambda Award and the James Tip tree Jr Award/ （Ammonite 是 Griffith 的第一本科 幻小说，出版于1992年，而且获得Lambda奖和James Tiptree Jr奖。）可知，Ammoni
17、te是一本 科幻小说。故选C项。（3） B.细节理解题。根据文章第一段We have the world*s largest collection of expert book recommendations.The following are books that have been recommended over and over again,（我们 拥有世界上最大专家对书的推荐的收集数据，下面是一些不断被推荐的书籍。）可知，文章推荐 的书籍都是专家们多次推荐的。故选B项。这是一篇应用文。作者收集大量专家对书推荐的数据，然后向读者推荐一些有史以来最重要的书。 做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生
18、对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语 句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。47.【答案】A、C、D、D【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第一段I once met a young woman who had dreams of swimming for the U.S Olympic team.She had to get up e very morning at 4 a.m.to swim for 3 hours before going to school.She did not party with her friends on S
19、 aturday night.She had to study and keep her grades up, just like everyone else.（我曾经遇至过4、梦 想加入美国奥运游泳队的年轻女子。她不得不每天早上4点起床，在去学校之前游3个小时的泳。 星期六晚上她没有和朋友一起聚会。她必须学习，保持好成绩，就像其他人一样。）可知文章通 过举例一位游泳健将的经历告诉我们可以通过自己的努力成功。说明这篇文章以举一个例子开始 的。故选A。（2）猜测词义题。根据文章第二段I do it for myself and the people I love.Ifs love that ge
20、ts me over the hurdles and sacrifices （我这样做是 为了我自己和我爱的人。是爱让我跨越了障碍和牺牲）说明是有一定的东西让他强迫做出牺牲。 因此 compelled 的意思是“强迫A.committed 奉献;B.inspired 鼓舞;C.forced 强迫；D.combined 结合。故选C。（3）推理判断题。根据文章第四段First the dont wants/ for they create the wants.*11 dont want to work all my life.I dont want what my parents aspired
21、 for,which was job security and a big house.I don*t like being an employee.I hated it that my dad always miss ed my football games because he was so busy working on his career.I hated it when my dad worked hard all his life and the government took most of what he worked for at his death.（首先是不想要因为他 们
22、创造了“需求“我不想工作一辈子。我不想要我父母渴望的东西，那就是稳定的工作和一栋大房 子。我不喜欢当雇员。我讨厌我爸爸总是错过我的足球比赛，因为他忙于他的事业。我讨厌我爸 爸一生努力工作，而政府在他去世时拿走了他工作的大部分。）可知“不想要“比“想要”更重要。 故选Do（4）推理判断题。根据文章第六段 Those are my deep-seated, emotional reasons.What are yours? If they are not strong enough,the reality of the road ahead may be greater than your rea
23、sons.! have lost money and been set back many times.but it was the deep emotional reasons that kept me standing up and going for ward. I wanted to be f ree by age 4O.but it took me until I was 47 with many learning experiences along the way.（这些是我根 深蒂固的情感原因。你的呢？如果他们不够强大，前方道路的现实可能大于你的理由。我曾经损 失过金钱，也曾多次
24、受挫。但正是这种深刻的情感原因让我站了起来，继续前进。我想在40岁的 时候获得自由，但是我直到47岁才获得自由，在这过程中我有了很多学习经验。）可知现实中, 如果没有更深层次的情感原因，我们可能会遇到更多的障碍。故选D。本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了更多的经历和经验可以让我们明白很多的道理。一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在 十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺 序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。二、看题干，带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息
25、题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对 文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。 其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息 进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系， 研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖 掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer, imply, suggest, indic
26、ate 等。四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量， 掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因 果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。81（）.【答案】D、A、C【解析】36. D.细节理解题.根据 Successful persons likely show up at the health club consistently, work with a personal trainer, or get up a few minutes early for a heart elevat
27、ing （增进的）jog. 可知, 成功的人更可能去关注他们的身体健康.故选D.37. A.词义猜测题.根据Do these responses reflect our obsession with weight loss and mirror the constant reports of skinny （极 瘦的）images in popular culture?可知，这些i应反映了流行文化中减肥的狂热，折射了对苗条追 求的不断报道么？故此处obsession意为狂热.故选A.38. C.细节理解题.根据 Combine strength training and cardiovascu
28、lar （心血管的）exercise, along with sound nutrition to speed up your mental sharpness, enhance your productivity, improve your mood and better manage stress.可知，精神敏锐，可以提高工作效率和情绪.故选C. 本文是一篇社会文化类阅读，属于说明文，成功的人更可能去关注他们的身体健康，最近的研究 表明了身材健康与成功的联系.本文以此展开，主要讲述了有关身材健康与成功的关系.考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行
29、比 较，再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.1114,【答案】C、A、D、A【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了极限运动的成功与风险。1 .根据文章第二段第二句 He notes that most of us hit a natural ceiling that limits our appetite for extreme risk in tricky conditions.（他指出，我们中的大多数人达到了一个自然的上限，这个（自然 上限）限制了我们在复杂条件下对极端风险的欲望。）可知，这里含有一个定语从句，先
30、行词为 a natural ceiling,定语从句对a natural ceiling进行修饰，“限制了我们在复杂条件下对极端风险的 欲望”说明许多人不想做极限运动。故选C。2 .根据第四段中的groups climbing Everest（攀登珠穆朗玛峰的团体）和第二句To me, that just seems like the height of risk, he said. nBut to them it was the next step in an activity that theyve prepared for years.1 Murphy said the view of
31、extreme athletes is different from our own.（ “在我看来，这似乎是风 险的高度，”他说。“但对他们来说，这是他们准备多年的一项活动的下一步。”墨菲说，人们 对极限运动员的看法与我们不同。）可知，登山者为挑战做了大量的准备。故选A。3,根据第五段第句 Another aspect of risk perception （认知）may be something referred to as nthe flow”, a state in which many athletes become absorbed in the acts that focus t
32、he mind completely on the present.（风险认知的另一个方面可能是被称之为“心流”的东西，在这种状态下，许多运动员全 神贯注于将精力完全集中在当下的行为。）以及后面的进一步解释可知，本段要点就是the flow 这种特定的精神状态会使你更有可能去尝试一项活动。故选Do.根据最后一段中的 People of different skill levels experience the flow at different times. Some may always be driven to adventures that others consider extreme
33、.（不同技能水平的人在不同的时间体验这 种流动。一些人可能总是被驱使去冒险，而另一些人则认为是极端的。）以及后文所举的事例可 知，不同的技能水平的人有自己不同的选择，所以冒险是你可以选择做或选择避免的事情。故选 Ao1519.【答案】B、F、C、E、A【解析】（1） -（5） BFCEA（1 ）B.文章衔接题.根据上文 Anyone whos tried to add something new to their routine knows one thing： Building new habits isrft easy.可知任何试图在日常生活中增加一些新东西人都知道一件事：养成 新习惯并不
34、容易.由此可知，本句承接上文说明为什么养成新的习惯不容易，这是因为养成新的 习惯需要时间和坚持.上文中Building new habits对应到B选项中的It.故B选项：It takes time and insistence.这需要时间和坚持符合上下文语境，故选B.(2)F.联系下文题.根据后文 For example： If you want to save more but it seems difficult to achieve, try transferring five dollars to your savings account each time you buy lunc
35、h during the week. If you want to do more sports but arent motivated to go to the gym every day, try doing 5 pushups after each time you use the restroom.可知例如：如果你想存更多的钱，但似乎很难做到，那就试着每周每次买午餐时 把5美元转到你的储蓄账户上.如果你想做更多的运动，但又不想每天都去健身房，那就试试每 次上完厕所后做5个俯卧撑吧.由此可知，自动化的意思是在你原有的习惯上增加新的习惯.故 F 选项：It is when you add
36、what youd like to be your new habit onto an existing habit. ”它是你把你想 要的新习惯添加到已有的习惯上”符合上下文语境，故选F.(3) C.理解判断题.根据后文Automation works well in developing new behavior patterns because it involves the use of positive reinforcement, which is one of the most powerful tools for behavior change, “ Kahina Louis,
37、 a psychologist, tells Shine.可知心理学家 Kahina Louis 告诉 Shine 网站：”自动化 在开发新的行为模式方面效果很好，因为它涉及到积极强化的使用，这是改变行为最有力的工具 之一.”由此可知，自动化是有效的改变行为的工具之一.故c选项：But it turns out to be efficient while trying.”但它在尝试的过程中是有效的”符合上下文语境，故选C.(4) E.语境辨析题.根据后文As you show yourself each small change youve made, youre giving yoursel
38、f the message that you are capable of accomplishment, “ Louis says. 可矢口 Louis 说：”当你向自 己展示你所做每一个小改变时，你给了自己一个信息：你有能力完成这些改变.”由此可知，这些 小的步骤会激发你的自信，让你相信自己有能力完成这些改变.故E选项：Its the small steps that fuel your motivation and self-belief.这些小步骤会激发你的动力和自信”符合 上下文语境，故选E.(5) A.逻辑推理题.Take a look at what things you kee
39、p doing throughout the day or course of the week to decide when to add new automation. Louis says, For example： If you know that youre always extremely tired after work, then you might consider picking an auto habit that occurs in your morning routine rather than in the evening,可知看看你每天或每周都在做些什么来决定什么
40、时候添 加新的自动化.Louis说：例如如果你知道你下班后总是特别累，那么你可以考虑选择一个在早 上而不是晚上养成的开车习惯.”由此可知本段是在建议要找到自己的自动习惯.故A选项：Find your auto habits.”找到你自动习惯”符合上下文语境，故选A.这是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍了一种名为“自动化”的行为模式，可以有助于人们养成新的好习 惯.自动化强调了小的变化对产生大的不同的影响.心理学家Kahina Louis也提出了自己对此的 看法.七选五题型考查学生把握整篇文章的布局和逻辑层次关系和把握微观信息间关联性这种题一般可 从以下方面来做：(1)看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，确定
41、文章体裁，抓住文章结构，分析篇章结构，了解文章 大意.首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义.(2)精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格.七选五空出的是整个句子， 可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种 关联性，从而选择正确的答案.(3)看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语.实现关键词的对接，先易后 难，各个突破.通过阅读选项，有可能根据选项中的关键词找出正确选项.(4)注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词.考查对上下文的理解及推理判断 能力.最后，用代入法，
42、检查答案是否合理，将所有选择答案放回空白处，通读全文，检查文章内容是 否语义连贯合理、紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清 晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确.2029.【答案】C、B、A、C、B、C、D、D、B、C【解析】(1)考查形容词及语境理解。A.difficult困难的；B.troublesome惹麻烦的；C.different 不同的；D.terrible可怕的。根据下句Try a turn with that pretty Lisette可知试着和那个漂亮的莉莎 特转一转。说明经过尝试后，今晚将会有所不同。故答案为C。(2
43、)考查动词及语境理解。A.answered回答;B.sighed叹气；C.smiled微笑；D.laughed大笑。根 据前文Its no use, Mum.n said Johnny. Tm just no good at dancing/可知”没用的，妈妈。”约翰尼说。我只是不擅长跳舞。”说明面对着母亲的鼓励，我也只能叹气 了，说明不自信。故答案为B。(3)考查动词及语境理解。A.expected期盼；B.invited邀请；C.allowed允许；D.chosen选择。根 据上句Now that Johnny was older可知现在约翰尼长大了，他应该和一个女孩跳舞。说明父母期盼 他
44、能和女孩一起跳舞。故答案为A。(4)考查名词及语境理解。A.spirits精神；B.feelings感觉;C.courage勇气;D.strength力量。当 约翰尼和他的父母到达俱乐部时，音乐已经开始了。约翰尼鼓起勇气走近莉塞特。get up the courage to do sth鼓起勇气做某事。故答案为C。(5)考查名词及语境理解。A.Shouts喊叫；B.Laughter笑声；C.Applause掌声；D.Cheers欢呼。 根据下句 Johnny broke away and ran outside.determined never to go to another dance.可
45、矢口约翰尼挣月兑 开跑到外面。他决心再也不去参加舞会了。说明他被别人嘲笑了。故答案为B。(6)考查动词及语境理解。A.ran跑；B.walked散步；C.drove开车；D.cycled骑自行车。根据后 文 Alcide said.then he drove off, leaving Johnny staring open-mouthed after him.可知埃尔希德说。然 后他开车走了，留下约翰尼张大嘴盯着他。说明他是开车来的。故答案为C。(7)考查动词及语境理解。A.opened打开；B.rolled滚动；C.sharpened磨尖；D.widened加宽。根据下句Bring that
46、 accordion and play some songs tonight,n Alcide said 可知今晚带上那架手风琴， 弹几首歌，”埃尔希德说。说明他感觉非常惊讶，因此眼睛睁大了。故答案为D。(8)考查动词及语境理解。A.caught抓住；B.searched寻找；C.sought寻求;D.spotted发现。根 据上句At the Club, Johnny scanned the crowd for Lisette可知在俱乐部，约翰尼扫视人群寻找莉塞 特，发现了她。故答案为D。(9)考查动词及语境理解。A.Struggling 奋斗；B.Trembling 打颤；C.Wander
47、ing 徘徊；D.Whispering 低声说。根据下句his eyes on the floor可知约翰尼颤抖着走上讲台，眼睛看着地板。故答案为B。(10)考查副词及语境理解。A.backward向后；B. up ward向上；C.forward向前；D. downward向 下。根据下句You played really good tonight!n she said. nThank you, n Johnny blushed.可知莉莎特微 笑着走上前。”你今晚打得真好！ “她说。“谢谢你，约翰尼脸红了。故答案为C。本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了约翰尼利用自己的手风琴技巧吸引了莉塞特的注意。
48、完形填空题的命题趋势解题步骤：1 .通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大 意，这是解题的基础。2 .瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的 原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下 文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。3 .复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留 的少数疑难问题。4 .再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文 文意连贯。30.【答案】【小题1】with【小题2】doing【小题 3 】is not measured【小题4 but【小题5】stars【小题6】began【小题7】where【小题8】to predict【小题9 while【小题 10 embarrassed【解析】（1）考查介词。句意：16年前，杰森是一名大学教授，拥有一栋有6个卧室的大房子 和200万美元的财产。表示“有“，不作谓语，后跟名词，所以用介词with。故填with。（2）考查动名词。句意：这使他很担心，他感到内疚，身为富人却什么都不做。作介词的宾语, 所以用动名词。故填doing。（3）考查动词时态语态和主谓一