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1、高三一轮复习七选五一诊专项训练.真题多维细目表卷名体裁主题考点主题语境主题语境内容细节句主旨句过渡句2022全国乙说明文人与社会人际关系4102021说明文人与社会人际交往2122020课标 全国I说明文人与自我接受自我2122019说明文人与自然人与环境2212018说明文人与自我家庭生活311小计13662020说明文人与社会社会交往31120192018全国11说明文人与自我完善自我113说明文人与自我生活方式221小计6452022全国甲说明文人与社会文化习俗4012021说明文人与自然环境保护4102020课标全国in说明文人与社会文化习俗2212019说明文人与社会社会交往3112
2、018记叙文人与自我丰富自我122小计1465.命题规律与备考策略：I .命题规律.主要考查对文章整体内容、结构及上下文逻辑的理解和掌握；1 .文章的体裁以说明文为主，记叙文为辅；.以考查细节句为主，以过渡句、主旨句为辅。II .备考策略：1 .多对文章结构进行分析，理清文章中句对句、段与段之间的逻辑关系；2,进行一定量的针对性训练，掌握解题方法与技巧，提高该类题型的解答能力。3. 一诊七选五再现：（成都七中高2023届高三一模）For most people, nothing is better than having an iced beer after you are back home
3、 in hot summer.16 Why? Just for the sake of your own health and the happiness of your family. Now good news for you. From now on you neednt feel guilty just because you love beer. On the contrary, the benefits of drinking beer are obvious. But there is still one IMPORTANT point I have to make clear.
4、 171. Beer reduces risk of heart disease You can easily reduce the risk of heart disease by 30% or more if you are one of the individuals who drink a pint of beer per day. The result is totally opposite if you drink too much beer. Be careful with your portions.2. 18Beer prevents diabetes due to the
5、alcohol content which increases insulin （胰岛素）sensitivity. Also, beer is rich in dissolvable fiber that is so needed if the individual suffers from diabetes.Beer minimizes risk of cancer Xanthohumol （抗氧化剂黄腐酚）is found in beer, which is very important since it has anti-cancer properties. Drinking beer
6、in moderation speeds up chemical reactions that keep off the risk of prostate cancer （前歹U腺癌）in males. 19 Strange? But it is true. That is because the drink contains components that decrease the risk of breast cancer.4. Beer manages blood pressureAccording to the recent studies carried out by Harvard
7、 researchers, middle-aged women who drink beer in moderation were much less likely to develop high blood pressure. Other alcoholic drinks do not have the same properties.5. Beer treats dandruff （头皮屑）20 The high content of vitamin B and yeast （酵母菌）will make your hair smooth and silky. Go and have a t
8、ry.Youll be surprised to find the annoying dandruff finally gone.A. Beer lowers risk of diabetes.B. Beer improves your oily skin.C. Believe it or not, women should also drink beer.D. At the same time, you may be a little nervous and guilty.E. Some people prefer a beer to some pills when they get a c
9、old in summer.F. Remember it is how much beer you consume that matters to your health.G. Beer is much healthier than all the shampoos and conditioners （护发素）that you see on the shelves in the supermarket or in advertisements.Keys:【答案】16. D 17. F 18. A 19. C 20. G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了喝啤酒的好处。【16题详解】根据空前
10、“For most people, nothing is better than having an iced beer after you are back home in hot summer. （对于大多数人来说，在炎热的夏天回到家后，没有什么比来一杯冰啤酒更好的了。）”以及第一段第五六 句 “Now good news for you. From now on you neednt feel guilty just because you love beer.（现在有个好消息 要告诉你。从现在起，你不必因为爱喝啤酒而感到内疚。）”可知，炎热的夏天，人们喜欢喝冰啤酒，但 是会因为担心健康
11、而内疚，但是现在好消息是不必因为爱喝啤酒而感到内疚了。结合选项可知，D项承上 启下，符合语意。故选D项。【17题详解】根据空前 “But there is still one IMPORTANT point I have to make clear.（但有一重点我必须要说清楚。）”可 知，空处应为作者想强调的“重点”。结合选项F Remembe门t is how much beer you consume that matters to your health.（记住，你喝多少啤酒关系到你的健康。产可知，作者要强调的“重点”是不是啤酒影响健 康，而是喝的量关系到健康。故选F项。18题详解】根据
12、设空位置，可推测为小标题。再结合第三段第一句u Beer prevents diabetes due to the alcohol content which increases insulin （胰岛素）sensitivity.（啤酒可以预防糖尿病，因为酒精含量会增加胰岛素的敏感 性。）”可知，啤酒可以预防糖尿病。故选A项。19题详解】根据空前 “ Drinking beer in moderation speeds up chemical reactions that keep off the risk of prostate cancer （前列腺癌）in males.（适量饮用啤酒可以
13、加速化学反应，从而降低男性患前列腺癌的风险。）”以及空后u Strange? But it is true. That is because the drink contains components that decrease the risk of breast cancer. （很奇怪吗？但这是真的。这是因为这种饮料含有降低患乳腺癌风险的成分。）”可知，适量饮用啤酒不仅 可以降低男性患前列腺癌的风险，而且含有降低女性患乳腺癌风险的成分。所以结合选项C “Believe it or not, women should also drink beer.（信不信由你，女人也应该喝啤酒。）”可知
14、，C项承上启下，符合逻辑。 故选C项。【20题详解】根据小标题“Beertreatsdandruff （头皮屑）（啤酒治疗头皮屑）”可知，接下来要讲的是啤酒对头皮屑所起到 的作用以及好处。结合选项 G Beer is much healthier than all the shampoos and conditioners （护发素）that you see on the shelves in the supermarket or in advertisements.（啤酒比你在超市货架上或广告上看至ij的所有 洗发水和护发素都要健康得多。）”可知，符合逻辑。故选G项。（成都七中高2022届高
15、三一诊）Shyness is normal and it is not considered as a mental problem. All people have been shy at one time or another. Even the most confident people experienced being shy. 36.You probably are wondering why you are shy. It may be because of the environment you were used to or the way you were brought
16、up. Certain events or incidents in the past may also lead to the reason why you are shy now. 37 Most shy people have shy parents and relatives and it is not surprising to find out that they too have become shy persons.One of the negative sides of being shy is having the tendency to be passive. Most
17、of the time shy people cant stand up for themselves and what they believe is right. 38 This apparently influences their social life as well as work, family and other aspects of their life.While shyness has negative aspects, it has positive sides. Shy people are usually good observers and do not get
18、themselves into too much trouble because they try to observe their environment or any situation before they act. 39 They can also make great friends. Since they have difficulties in social scenes, making friends seems to be a must. Therefore, they value their friends wholeheartedly* and have proven
19、to be loyal and thoughtful friends.40 Some of them born with shy parents have successfully battled against being shy. This contributes to their constant self-improvement, developing self-esteem and trying to be exposed to new environments.A. But in most cases, shyness proves to be genetic.B. They ar
20、e sensitive and accustomed to getting suspicious.C. Because some people are bom to be shy, they let it go hang.D. So if youre feeling shy, dont worry because you are not alone.E. They are not hot-headed and think twice before making any decisions.F. Although shyness is something from birth, it can b
21、e improved over time.G. They avoid crowds by nature and stay away from groups and social interactions.七选五：36-40 DAGEF（成都七中高2021届高三一诊）Getting Lost in a Good Book Can Help Keep You HealthyIm a novelist and its obviously in my interest to encourage people to read. But theres increasing evidence that re
22、ading isnt just for pleasure, or merely a way of improving literacy skills and factual knowledge. 36Firstly, reading helps to lengthen attention spans in children and improves their ability to think clearly. 37 It is essential to learn this skill as a small child. The more they do it, the better the
23、y get at it.Also, reading can help people learn to empathize（产生共鸣）.A recent study at the University ofMichigan found that there had been a 48% decrease in empathy among college students. 38 In a computer game, you might have rescued a princess, but you dont care about her, you just want to win. But
24、a princess in a book has a past, present and future, she has connections and motivations. We can relate to her. We see the world through her eyes.As a matter of fact, reading is far from a passive activity. Reading exercises the whole brain.When we read and imagine the landscapes, sounds, smells and
25、 tastes described on the page, the various areas of the brain that are used to process these experiences in real life are activated, creating new neural（神经）pathways. 39 This doesnt happen when were watching TV or playing a computer game.Getting sucked into a good novel appears to be beneficial to ou
26、r mental health too. 40Reading not only avoids feelings of loneliness, it helps us to wind down, de-stress and forget our own problems for a while.A. Stories have a structure that encourages their brains to think in sequence, to link cause, effect and significance.B. In other words, our brains model
27、 real experiences, just as if we were living them ourselves. C. When we read a good book, were trying to find out its main idea.D. It might actually be good fbr our mental and physical health too.E. But those who did not enjoy these activities had lots of loss.F. As the old saying goes, Youre never
28、alone with a book.”Encouraging reading could overcome this.七选五答案：DAGBF（成都石室中学高2021届高三一诊）Looking around the streets of London, youll definitely see many methods people use to move around. 36 Now theres a new addition: electric scooters or eescooters.This traditional childrens vehicle has become more
29、complicated over the years. And now, with the addition of a small electric motor, its become a cheap and easy mode of transport. Scooting around town can be fun and doesnt involve much effort. 37 But considering accidents involving this electric scooter in the U.K., questions are being asked about t
30、heir safety and whether traffic laws should be changed.Many eescooter riders in the U.K. broke the law. Some had been seen on pavements, and others on the road jumped red traffic lights, adding to the frustration of motorists stuck in traffic jams. In the U.K., the law states that riding one on the
31、public highway or pavement is forbidden. Despite this, it seems the increasing popularity of eescooters means they can be seen everywhere. 38The U.K. government is looking at how safely they can be used on the road and is “reviewing“ the law. But its transport minister, Michael Ellis, has told the B
32、BC that Micro-mobility products are appearing in countries across the globe and are an exciting innovation, for which we know there is demand. 39”40 Despite the fact that some of them can exceed 30 mph, they sometimes only have one brake and no lights. However confident the rider may be, larger vehi
33、cles on the road make them unprotected. So it seems that more work needs to be done to give eescooters a safe and legal space to travel in.A. The roads are already very crowded.B. Whats the best means of transport?C. People seldom see eescooter accidents in the U.K.D. However, safety must always be
34、our top priority.E. And now users are asking that regulations be changed.F. Theres no doubt that there are dangers of riding a two.wheeled scooter.G- Its no wonder that its becoming increasingly popular in the world. 七选五AGEDF【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种新型交通工具一电动滑板车兴起的原因及随之出现的安全问题等。36. A 【解析】根据首句中“Looking
35、around the streets of London, youll see many methods people use to move around.可推知，道路现在已经很拥挤了。紧接着，现在又增加了一种新 的出行方式电动滑板车。A项符合语境，故选A。37. G【解析】根据本空上文可知，电动滑板车具有廉价便捷等诸多优势，因此会受到人 们的欢迎，G项（骑电动滑板车在全世界流行）符合语境，故选G。38. E【解析】根据上文可知，在英国，法律禁止在公路或人行道上骑行。尽管如此，日 益流行的电动滑板车似乎随处可见，因此，旧有的法律规定和电动滑板车的日益流行相互矛 盾，由此推知，现在用户们要求改
36、变改变法规，E项符合语境，故选E。39. D【解析】根据本段前两句可知，英国政府正在审视电动滑板车在路上行驶的安全性 和现有法律。同时，迈克尔埃利斯认为，虽然微型移动产品正在全球各国出现，且人们对 这项创新有很大的需求，但它的安全性必须放在首位，故选D。40. F【解析】根据设空后两句可知，尽管有些电动滑板车时速能超过30英里，但它们只 有一个刹车，没有车灯，因此，人们在驾驶电动滑板车的过程中存在危险。F项中的“there are dangers of riding a two-wheeled scooter”符合语境，故选 F。（绵阳中学高2020届高三一诊）The negative tho
37、ughts inside your head can hold you back from making new friends, connecting with colleagues or sharing your brilliant ideas in meetings. For some people, these negative thoughts become too powerful and require professional attention. 36 The following are some tips to quiet your inner critic.Label t
38、he voice.The voice does not define you. Just identify it as an independent entity （实体）and give it a name. Call it your unreliable speaker, your negative Nelly or your passive Bob. 3738Negative thinking can do a lot on your central nervous system, causing you to react physically. 39 Whatever your res
39、ponse shaky hands, trembling voice, sweaty brow a slow breathing in and a slower breathing out will help comfort the central nervous system.Trust that the thought will pass.Ifs just a thought, and ifs just not that importantits irrational after all!40 You dont realizeyoure empowering those thoughts,
40、 getting into a tug of war with them. You can choose to accept its presence in the moment and trust that it will pass.All in all, dont let that voice in your head tell you what to do.A. Dont waste energy fighting it.B. Calm your central nervous system.C. Slow your breathing to calm your thoughts.D.
41、For others, these negative thoughts will pass very soon.E. Naming the voice almost turns it into someone else talking.F. Have you ever started getting negative thoughts and suddenly felt physically bad too?G. For the majority, simple ways can stop them discouraging you from connecting with others. 七
42、选五：GECFA【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了你头脑中的消极想法会阻碍你结交新朋友、与同事交流或在会议上分享 你的好主意。对一些人来说，这些消极的想法变得过于强大，需要专业的关注，对于大多数人来说，简单 的方法可以阻止他们阻止你与他人联系，以下是一些让你平静下来的方法。【36题详解】细节理解题。 根据前文 For some people, these negative thoughts become too powerful and require professional attention.对一些人来说，这些消极的想法变得过于强大，需要专业的关注。由此可知，此处应填“对于大多 数人
43、来说，简单的方法可以阻止他们阻止你与他人联系故选G。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据前文 Call it your unreliable speaker, your negative Nelly or your passive Bob 你可以称它为不 可靠的演讲者、消极的内利或消极的鲍勃、由此可知，此处应填“说出这个声音几乎会让它变成另一个人 在说话:故选E。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据下文 Negative thinking can do a lot on your central nervous system, causing you to react physically消极思想会对你的
44、中枢神经系统造成很大的影响，导致你的身体做出反应。由此可知，此处应填 “放慢你的呼吸来平静你的思想”。故选C。39题详解】推理判断题。 根据前文 Negative thinking can do a lot on your central nervous system, causing you to react physically.消极思想会对你的中枢神经系统造成很大的影响，导致你的身体做出反应。由此可知，此处应填 “你是否曾经有过消极的想法，然后突然感觉身体也很糟糕故选F。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据下文 You don!t realize you*re empowering those thoughts, getting into a tug of war with them. 你没有意识到你是在赋予这些想法力量，并与之陷入一场拉锯战。由此可知，此处应填“不要浪费精力去 对抗它”。故选Ao