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1、课后达标 提升能力一（2021 江西中考）Today, by carefully choosing dog parents, humans have created many different kinds of dog.Each kind has its own look and talents and its own role within human society.Here are three examples of a dog*s lifb” in the human world.Today, many hospitals let specially trained dogs in
2、to bring love and cheer to patients.Shaynee is a therapy（治疗）dog.She visits children who are in hospital.Dogs like Shaynee help patients feel calm and at peace which can be hard in a busy hospital.They help both children and adults stay strong during long hospital stays, and, some suggest, even help
3、them get bette匚Today some beagles（小猎犬）work in aiiports for the government.They are part of the program called the Beagle Brigade.A beagle is good for the work because of its powerful nose, and ability to follow smells.The Beagle Brigades job is to smell everything that comes into the country.They ma
4、ke officers notice illegal（非法的）fruits, vegetables, and other foods in luggage or in mail.The beagles do the job far better than any human could.While some dogs are working hard, others are free to spend their days resting and playing.Across the world, many pet dogs are treated like children.Many hav
5、e their own rooms and all the things a dog could want.Some even have their own clothes.Many of these pets spend their days playing, learning to follow or even going to classes.Their owners give them the best, and enjoy doing so.Whether as workers or objects of affection（钟情）dogs have become helpful t
6、o humans in many ways.There are plenty of advantages for the dog, too.Many kinds of wild dogs have nearly disappeared from the Earth.Ho we ver, the domestic dogs special place as “mans best firiend” has allowed it to survive（存活）in a human world.1. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?A. Hospitals ne
7、ed many special dogs.B Dogs can take care of patients.C. Patients need love in the hospital.D. Doctors are too busy to see patients.解析：段落大意题。分析第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍专门训练的狗可以给病人带来 爱和欢乐，故选B。答案：B2. What does the underlined word domestic“ in Paragraph 5 mean?A. Trained.B. Smart.C. Hungry.D. Valuable.C. in order
8、 to make some moneyD. after she finished her school education解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第二句中的Then she heard about an accident.gave me an idea可知。答案：A7Would you eat a ready meal from the fridge rather than cook by yourself? Have you been doing Internet shopping rather than going to the stores?A study into how lazy
9、 British people are has found more than half of the adults are so lazy that theyd catch the lift rather than climb two flights of stairs.Just over 2,000 people were quizzed by independent researchers in Britains largest health center.The results were very surprising.About one in six people who were
10、asked said if their control was broken, they would continue watching the same channel rather than get up.More than one third of those asked said they would not run to catch a bus. Worryingly, of 654 respondents（离婚被告）with children,64% said they were often too tired to play with them.We know that its
11、no wonder that one in six children in the UK are very fat before they start school.Dr Sarah, Dauncey, medical director of the center, said, “People need to get fitter, not just for their own health, but for their families, friends and pets, too.”“If we dont start to take control of this problem, a w
12、hole generation will become too unfit to perform even the most basic tasks. ”And Scotlands largest city, Glasgow, was shamed as the laziest city in the UK, with 75% asked thinking they do not get enough exercise, followed by Birmingham and Southampton, both with 67%.So there are some problems for th
13、e National Health Service, where fatness-related（相关 的）illnesses such as heart disease and cancer have been on an increase for the past 40 years and are costing billions of pounds every year.1. What does the underlined word “quizzed mean?A. Questioned.B. Answered.C. Listened.D. Heard.解析：词义猜测题。根据下文的pe
14、ople who were asked和one third of those asked可知答 案。答案：A2. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. All the adults in the UK are very lazy.B Half of the children are very fat before they go to school.C. Pets will be in trouble if their owners dont keep healthy.D. All people in Glasgo
15、w feel ashamed because they dont get enough exercise.解析：细节理解题。由第七段中 u People need to get fitter, not just for their own health, but for their families, friends and pets, too.v 可我口 答案。答案：C3. From the last paragraph, we can learn if they keep lazy.A. people may have heart diseaseB people can work at h
16、ome all the timeC. people like shopping onlineD. people dont like climbing the stairs解析：细节理解题。由最后一段中的 fatness-related illnesses such as heart disease and cancer可知答案。答案：A4. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The health service in the UK.B - A study of British peoples lifestyles.C. A study of
17、British peoples laziness.D. The fatness problem in the UK.解析：主旨大意题。这篇文章主要介绍的是一项对英国人的懒惰的研究。答案：C七In northern Scotland there is a long, deep lake called Loch Ness.More than 200 meters deep, it is the largest lake in the UK.People say a big monster （怪兽）lives in its dark, cold waters.lt weighs more than
18、1,000 kilos and is at least ten meters long.Some people say it has a head like a horse.Others say it looks like a snake.Many people travel to Loch Ness to look for this strange monster, but only a few people have seen it.At least, they say they have seen it.The Loch Ness Monster is a famous legend （
19、传说）. The first story about a monster in Loch Ness was told over 500 years ago, but the legend of the monster spread widely only in the twentieth century.In 1933, a couple reported that they saw a big monster in the middle of the lake.Since then, a number of people have said that they had seen a mons
20、ter in Loch Ness.Several people have taken photos, but at least one of them was a hoax （骗局）. During the 1960s, a team was formed to look for the monster.They took many photos and made movies, but they were never able to find a monster.There is no real fact that a monster lives in Loch Ness, but ther
21、e is also no fact that one doesnt live.One thing is true about Loch Ness: there are a lot of tourists there.1. In northern there is a long, deep lake called Loch Ness.A. ScotlandB. CanadaC. RomeD. Paris角窣析：细节理解题。根据第一段 In northern Scotland there is a long, deep lake called Loch Ness.可知，在苏格兰北部有个又长又深的湖
22、叫尼斯湖。故选A。分索 A2. What do people say about the monster in Loch Ness?A. It weighs about 100 kilos.B. It is one meter long.C. It has a tail like a horse.D. It looks like a snake.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段 It weighs more than 1,000 kilos and is at least ten meters long.Some people say it has a head like a horse.Othe
23、rs say it looks like a snake.可次口，人们说这个 怪兽重1 000多千克，至少10米长，头像马，还有人说它长得像蛇。故选D。答案：D3. Why was a team formed during the 1960s?A. To kill the monster.B To look for the monster.C. To catch the monster.D. To sell the monster.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句During the 1960s, a team was formed to look for the monster.可知，
24、在二十世纪六十年代，为了寻找怪兽组建了一个小队。故选B。答案：B4. What is the passage mainly about?A. People that saw a monster.B. A trip to Loch Ness.C. A legend about a monster.D. A team that took photos.解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段The Loch Ness Monster is a famous legend.可知，本文主 要讲述了尼斯湖里怪兽的传说。故选C。答案：cBeijing Opera is the most representative
25、of all Chinese traditional dramatic art forms and the largest Chinese opera form.Having a history of about 200 years, it is developed from absorbing（吸 收）many other dramatic forms, mostly from the local drama “Huiban”, which was popular in South China during the 18th century.lt is a scenic（戏居U的）art i
26、ntegrating music, performance, literature, aria, and face painting.Theatrical art forms in many other countries do not present singing, dancing and spoken parts in one single drama.An opera singer, for example, neither dances nor speaks on stage； there are no singing or dancing parts in a modern pla
27、y； in a dance drama, the dancer has no speaking role and does not sing either.Traditional Chinese drama, including Beijing Opera, is a kind of entertainment which includes spoken parts, singing, dancing and acrobatics（杂技）.In addition to its presence in China, Beijing Opera has spread to many other p
28、laces.Mei Lanfang, one of the most famous performers（表演者）of all time, was the first to introduce Beijing Opera to foreigners and made highly successful tours to foreign countries.“You will be puzzled（困惑的）all the way through and a little bored from time to time； but you will be charmed and interested
29、.You will be strongly attracted to Beijing Opera even if you know nothing of the dramatic background.This is how one American traveler described his first experience in watching Beijing Opera.Beijing Opera is Chinas national opera and it is full of Chinese cultural traditions.Welcome to China and en
30、joy Beijing Opera!1. What makes Beijing Opera different from theatrical art forms in many other countries?A. It has one opera singer on stage.B , It has one dancer who has no speaking role.C. It has already spread to many other countries.D. It includes spoken parts, singing, dancing and acrobatics.解
31、析：推理判断题。根据第二段第一句 Theatrical art forms in many other countries do not present singing, dancing and spoken parts in one single drama.及最后一句 Traditional Chinese drama, including Beijing Opera, is a kind of entertainment which includes spoken parts, singing, dancing and acrobatics.可知，许多其他国家的戏剧艺术形式没有将歌唱、舞
32、蹈和语言表演全 部呈现在单一戏剧中。而中国传统戏剧，包括京剧，是一种融合语言表演、歌唱、舞蹈和杂 技的娱乐形式。由此可以推断出，这就是京剧的与众不同之处。故选D项。答案：D2. People think Mei Lanfang played an important role in the spread of Beijing Opera because .A. he made many tours to a foreign countryB , he was a famous Beijing Opera performerC. he was the first to introduce Bei
33、jing Opera to foreignersD. he made Beijing Opera different from other theatrical art forms解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句 Mei Lanfang, one of the most famous performers of all time, was the first to introduce Beijing Opera to foreigners and made highly successful tours to foreign countries.可知，梅兰芳是历史上最著名的京剧表演者之一，也
34、是第一位向外国人介 绍京剧的人。故选C项。答案：c3 . From Paragraph 4 we know that the American traveler .A. felt bored all the wayB , thought highly of Beijing OperaC. found Beijing Opera interesting at firstD. knew the background of Beijing Opera解析：推理判断题。根据第四段.but you will be charmed and interested.You will be strongly a
35、ttracted to Beijing Opera可知，这位美国游客对京剧的评价很高，故选B项。答案：B4. What does the underlined word “it” mean in the passage?A. Beijing Opera.B. Local drama.C. An opera singer.D. A modern play.解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段第一句 Beijing Opera is China*s national opera and it is full of Chinese cultural traditions.可知，京剧是中国的民族歌剧，它充分
36、体现着中国文化传统。“它”指代的是“京剧”，故选A项。答案：A九Many people say dolphins are intelligent.They seem to be able to think, understand and learn things quickly.But are they as smart as humans, or are they more like cats and dogs? Dolphins use their brains quite differently from the way humans do.But scientists say dolp
37、hins and humans are very similar in some ways.How?Like humans, every dolphin has its own name”. The name is a special whistle（口肖声）.Each dolphin chooses a specific（特有的）whistle for itself, usually by its first birthday.Dolphins are like people in other ways, too.They “talk” to each other about a lot o
38、f things一such as their age, their feelings， and finding food.They also use a system of sounds and body language to communicate.Understanding dolphin conversation is not easy for humans.No one “speaks dolphin, yet, but some scientists are trying to learn.Dolphins are also social animals.They live in
39、groups called pods, and they often join others from different pods to play games and have fun-just like people.Scientists believe playing together is something only intelligent animals do.Dolphins and humans are similar in another way： both species make plans for getting things they want.In the seas
40、 of southern Brazil, for example, dolphins use an intelligent plan to get food.When there are fish near a boat, dolphins signal（发信号）to the fishermen to put their nets in the water.Using this method, the men can catch a lot of fish.Why do dolphins help the men? There is an advantage for them: they ge
41、t to eat some of the fish that escape（逃月兑）from the net.1. What is a dolphins “name”?A. It is a kind of game.B. It is a body sign.C. It is a dolphins age.D. It is a specific sound.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句The name is a special whistle.可知，选D。答案：D2. What does the underlined word “others” refer to?A. Other fish
42、es.B. Other people.C. Other dolphins.D. Other games.解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段第一、二句可知，others指的是其他海豚，故选C。答案：C3. What can we infer from the passage?A. Some scientists can understand dolphins1 system of sounds.B. Dolphins probably help fishermen by using their body language.C. Humans join dolphins groups to get th
43、ings we want.D. Dolphins can talk to humans about their age and their feelings.解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的 dolphins signal to the fishermen to put their nets in the water可知，海豚是用肢体语言告诉渔民。A、C、D文中没提到。故选B。答案：B4. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. Dolphins can communicate with each other at birth.B. Dolphins are
44、 social animals because they play together.C. Dolphins are smart and are like humans in some ways.D. Dolphins help humans do many things like catching fish.解析：主旨大意题。从第一段可知C是对的。答案：c十According to a recent study, there are about 70,000 blind children in Indonesia.Among them,60 percent were not born bli
45、nd.Iyehezkiel Parudani is one of them, who lost his eyesight by accident at the age of six.He now teaches English to blind students at the Pajajaran Special School.lyehezkiel Parudani says learning English can help blind people feel better about themselves. By learning English, they can be an Englis
46、h teacher, a translator, and a tour guide.v Students read using Braille（盲文）. To write, they use special tools, too.lyehezkiel Parudani says blind people should not let their physical disability influence their dreams.In 2008, he got a chance to study at the University of Texas.Two years later, he go
47、t a masters degree in course development there.“In the US, if I go to the university to study, everything is available-like e-books, Braille books.Here in Indonesia, you know, its difficult to find a reference book in e-book or in Braille.We have to make it ourselves.In the US, I can move wherever I
48、 want because everything designed is really accessible for people with blindness.”Eha Lestari, one of his star students, says learning English has changed her life.She has already traveled to the US with the help of an Indonesia-U.S.program/I study English because I love English very much.I want to be a translator because I want to go to the other countries and then I want to meet some people from around the world.”Like her classmates, Eha loves to sing.Here, music is part of daily life.Even the students who do not study English can sing some Ame