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1、课后达标 提升能力请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中选择五 个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。（2020四川省乐山市）When I was fifteen years old, I became very interested in shopping. 1.I had many things that I no longer needed at home.I knew with the help of my father, I could make money.For months and months I enjoyed myself by sell
2、ing things on my dads bank account.On July 18th,2015, I made my own account and began to start my own business.Things were going great and then I realized that selling things around the house wasn*t enough for me.2.I went around to the yard sale and bought things at low prices and sold them at highe
3、r prices to make money.Last October, I went to a yard sale that was a little bit different.A lady had many nice things to sell.3.Through the communication, I knew she was jobless at the moment and needed money to feed her family.! thought I could do it better and more quickly for her.So I made up my
4、 mind to help her out.She looked at me for a while and then said yes.4.When I gave her the money, she broke down into tears thankfully.5. I know my skills could be used to help those in need and that even one small act of kindness could make a difference.A. I bought all her things.B. So I decided to
5、 increase my business by running a re-sale shop.C. And I decided to stop my business.D. I went up to her and had a conversation with her.E. I have never felt so pleased to help someone in my life.F. After being just a buyer for a while, I wanted to sell something.G. After that I took away some of he
6、r things and over the next month I made $1,500 for her!1 .解析：句意：在成为购买者一段时间之后,我想要卖东西。根据下文I had many things that I no longer needed at home.I knew with the help of my father, I could make money.For months and months I enjoyed myself by selling things on my dads bank account.可佚口，立匕处讲述 作者想要卖东西sell somet
7、hing。故选F。答案：F2 .解析：句意：因此我决定通过经营转卖的商店来增加我的业务。根据selling things around the house wasnt enough for me 卖家里的东西觉得不够，以及下文 bought things at low prices and sold them at higher prices to make money,低价购买再以更高的价卖出，可知，此处 表达作者想要通过转卖re-sale的方式来扩大业务。故选B。答案：B3 .解析：句意：我走向她并和她聊天。根据through the communication可知，此处表 达作者和那位女
8、士聊天had a conversation with her。故选Do答案：D4 .解析：句意：之后我拿走了她的一些东西，在接下来的一个月里，我为她赚了 1500 美元!根据下文 When I gave her the money, she broke down into tears thankfully 作者给女士 钱，女士感激得流泪了，可知，此处表达作者赚了钱made $1,500 for her。故选G。答案：G5 .解析：句意：一生中我从没感到过帮助别人如此高兴。根据I know my skills could be used to help those in need and tha
9、t even one small act of kindness could make a difference.我次口道 我的技能可以用来帮助那些需要帮助的人，即使是一个小小的善举也能起到作用。可知，此 处表达作者因为帮助别人help someone很开心felt so pleasedo故选E。答案：E请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中选择五 个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。If you think youre too shy and want to be a little braver, try the following ways.You ca
10、n make it.1. Theres no need to hide it.When they get to know youre a shy kid, theyll understand you better.This also helps you feel at ease in talks.2. When you smile, people think youre friendly and easy to talk with.Remember that other people have feelings too and most people will stay away from a
11、n angry-looking face.Take one small step at a time.If you find it hard to start talks, say something nice about people around you.3.Doesnt it make you want to keep talking to that person?4. Think more about ways to enjoy the party or the game.Dont waste（浪费）time worrying about your looks or whether p
12、eople like you or not.5.Each time after you say “hi” or smile at someone for the first time, say “I did it! ” to yourself.Or it could be something bigger, like buying yourself an ice cream.Keep trying and one day youll never be shy when you talk to others.A. Learn to be a good talker.B Tell people y
13、oure shy.C. Dont lose heart.D. Try to smile more.E. Think about how great you feel when someone says something nice to you.F. To review it before you sleep.G. Turn your attention elsewhere.1 .解析：由下一句中的hide “隐藏” 一词，可知是“Tell people youre shy”。答案：B2 .解析：由下一句When you smile”可知。答案：D3 .解析：由上文“say something
14、 nice about people around you”可知。宏:案.f pq . JD4 .解析：enjoy the party or the game属于转移注意力到别处的做法，故选G项。答案：G5 .解析：由下文say “I did it”可知是说别失去信心，故选C项。答案：C请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中选择五 个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。Experts in nutrition（营养）suggest that we should eat at least five different kinds of vegetables an
15、d fruit a day.They are very necessary for our health and help our bodies work well.They can help reduce（减少）the risk of getting ill.There are a lot of vegetables and fruit to choose from and they taste delicious. 1.Its easy to buy our food from the local supermarket, so why do we go to the trouble of
16、 growing our own? Here are several good reasons：2. You can pick and eat it at once.When you have tried it, you will agree that vegetables and fruit that are eaten straight from the garden taste better than anything you can buy in a supermarket.You may want to cut down on your food miles“一the distanc
17、e that a product has traveled before it reaches your kitchen.Many food packages are flown halfway across the earth.3.Homegrown food is likely to be healthier.Food producers often use fertilizers（化月巴）and pesticides侬药）which can end up in your food.If you grow your own, things are different. 4.You migh
18、t also choose to grow some traditional vegetables and fruit.These often have more of the vitamins, minerals（矿.物质）and protein（蛋白质）that keep you healthy.5. And you can grow your own even if you only have a small backyard or a balcony（阳台）.Some food can grow well in pots, including lettuce, tomatoes, po
19、tatoes and carrots.You can recycle plastic bottles and cups to grow something.Just make sure there are holes for drainage（排水）and a small plate under them to catch drops of water.Happy gardening!A. Best of alL you can grow your own!B But where to grow your own is a problem.C. Thafs not so good for yo
20、u, or for the planet.D. Food that you grow yourself is always fresh.E. If you have a large garden, growing your own is easy.F. You can control what goes on and into the food you eat.G. So its better to eat more vegetables and fruit in our daily life.1 .解析：本句是一个过渡句，起承上启下的作用，最重要的是为下文自己种植果蔬的 好处做铺垫。故选A。
21、答案：A2 .解析：根据空格后面的句子You can pick and eat it at once.可知，这里强调的是新鲜 (fresh)o 故选 D。答案：D3 .解析：空格前的句子提到了食品包装，这既浪费资源又会对地球造成污染，对环境 造成破坏。故选C。答案：c4 .解析：根据空格后的句子You might also choose to grow可知，你可以自己决定种什 么和怎么种。故选F。答案：F5 .解析：空格后的句子提到了种植蔬菜和水果的地点a small backyard or a balcony。选 项E中的a large garden与之相对应,故选E。答案：E四请先阅读下面
22、短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中选择五 个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。Is there a connection between music and language? According to recent studies, the answer is yes： 1.Here, we look at two examples.A recent study by researcher Kraus shows that playing a musical instrument can improve a persons hearing ability.2.Th
23、e people in the first group were musicians, while those in the second group had no musical training.The musicians were able to hear the talking person more clearly.3. Think about violinists in an orchestra(管弦乐团). When the violinists play with the group, they hear their own instrument and many others
24、, too.But the violinists must listen closely to what they are playing, and pay no attention to the other sounds.In this way, musicians are able to focus on certain sounds, even in a room with lots of noise.Schlaug, a doctor at Harvard Medical School, works with stroke（中风）patients.Because of their il
25、lness， these people cannot say their names , addresses， or other information normally.However, they can still sing.4.Why does this work? Schlaug isnt sure.Music seems to make different parts of the brain work, including the damaged（损坏的）parts.This might help patients to use that part of the brain aga
26、in.Music improves concentration（注意力），memory, listening skills, and our overall language abilities.5.Playing an instrument or singing can help us do better in school and keep our brain sharp（敏锐的）as we get older.Music is not only enjoyable, ifs also good for us in many other ways.A. It can even help s
27、ick people get better.B Music helps people solve some hearing problems.C. Music improves certain language abilities in the brain.D. The violinists develop their memories by playing the violin.E. Musicians hear better because they learn to pay attention to certain sounds.F. Schlaug was surprised to f
28、ind that singing words helped his patients to speak.G. In his study two groups of people listened to a person talking in a noisy room.1 .解析：下面的两个例子都表明音乐的促进作用，故选C。C项的意思是：音乐提高 大脑的某些语言能力。分案C2 .解析：下一句提到first group和second group,与此相关的是G项。G项的意思是： 在他的研究中，两组人听一个人在吵闹的房间里说话。答案：G3 .解析：根据第三段最后一句中的 musicians are
29、able to focus on certain sounds 可知， 选E。E项的意思是：音乐家能听得更好因为他们学会全神贯注于某些声音。focuson的意 思与 pay attention to 相近。答案：E4 .解析：与Schlaug和they can still sing相一致的是F项。F项的意思是：Schlaug惊 讶地发现唱出单词能帮助他的病人说话。后面又解释了这种现象的原因。答案：F5 .解析：最后一段是总结音乐的作用。上文的例子证明了音乐对病人的帮助作用，故选A。答案:A请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中选择五 个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺
30、、结构完整。A problem is only a problem until there is a solution（解决办法）. We find solutions by thinking creatively. 1.In other words, we think outside the box.Sometimes, thinking outside the box solves not just one, but two problems.Amsterdam is one of the most crowded cities in Europe.As a result, housing
31、 is very expensive, especially for students.2.However, finding this type of apartments was almost impossible until recently.While the colleges in Amsterdam were trying to solve the housing problem, thousands of shipping containers（集装箱）were lying quietly in ports（港 口）around the world.These huge steel
32、 containers carry products from one country to another.The life of each container is about 10 years. 3.Yet they cant recycle all of them because there are so many.Back in Amsterdam, a company came up with an amazing idea.Why not reuse these shipping containers as student apartments? 4.They are all t
33、he same size and fit together perfectly.The steel is strong. Moreover, these containers are so widely available that they are quite cheap to buy. For all these reasons, they can be used to build apartments quickly and cheaply.Building began in 2005, and after only a few weeks, hundreds of Amsterdam
34、students had new homes.When students first heard about this idea, they thought the container apartments would be small, noisy, and cold.5.Each container apartment has a kitchen, a bedroom with a study area, and a bathroom. The apartments are warm and quiet.They even have a high-speed Internet connec
35、tion. Living in a shipping container has become popular.Today, over 3,000 Amsterdam students live in the container village.A. Students need low-cost apartments.B The containers are great for building apartments.C. In fact, these apartments are not in good condition.D. However, they were surprised wh
36、en they saw them.E. Steel companies recycle some of the old containers.F. Recycling the steel containers has many advantages.G. We use our imagination and come up with creative ideas.1 .解析解艮据上一句“我们可以通过创造性地思考找到解决问题的办法“，顺接着说， 应该选择“我们使用我们的想象力，想出具有创新的想法”。答案：G2 .解析：根据上一句“结果，尤其对于学生们来说，房子是非常昂贵的”，可知应该 选择“学生
37、们需要低价的公寓”。答案：A3 .解析：根据下一句“但是他们不会回收全部的集装箱，因为太多了“，可知此句应 该选择“钢铁公司回收一些旧的集装箱”。答案：E4 .解析：由前后文可知，应该选择“集装箱非常适合做成学生的公寓”。答案：B5 .解析：根据后面几句的描述可知，学生们对看到的集装箱的内部表示惊讶，因为和 原来设想的完全不一样。答案：D六请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中选择五 个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。Have you noticed that time seems to pass more slowly when youre waitin
38、g in line? But when youre playing with your friends, hours seem like minutes. 1. But why does it sometimes feel different?6 . Masamichi Hayashi and his research team in the US found that it has something to do with neurons（神经元）in our brains that are sensitive（敏感的）to time.7 . The adults were asked to
39、 look at a picture on a screen for a certain period of time.They were then asked to guess how long they had been looking at the picture.They usually guessed incorrectly when they were asked to stare at the picture for very long or very short periods of time.After looking at their brain activity, the
40、 researchers found neurons that send information in response to certain periods of time. When they receive repetitive stimulation（反复刺激），such as staring at a screen, these neurons finally get “tired” and dont work properly. It doesnt matter whether this period of time is long or short, as long as the
41、 stimulation is repetitive.4. That causes an imbalance（不平衡）in the way that we experience time.When you stand in line or do some other repetitive tasks, your time-sensitive neurons get tired and that causes you to feel like time is going slowly.But when youre doing something more fast-paced, such as
42、playing soccer, you experience the opposite feeling.5. After all, our brains dont always tell us the correct time.A. However, the brain would work hard.B The brain is amazing and you can trust it.C. However, other neurons still work normally.D. A study printed recently can tell us the answer.E. Of c
43、ourse, time is always passing at the same speed.F. The researchers studied the brain activity of 18 adults.G. Anyway, you cant always trust your brain when it comes to your experience of time.1 .解析：下文说“但是为什么有时感觉不一样呢？ ”，E项“当然，时间总是以同样 的速度流逝”符合语境。故选E。答案：E2 .解析：第一段的最后提出了问题，此处应是对该问题的回答，故D项“最近发表的 一份研究可以告诉
44、我们答案”符合语境。答案：D3 .解析：根据下文中的“The adults”可知，应选F。答案：F4 .解析：上文提到 “these neurons finally get tired9 and don*t work properlyv , C 项中 的“other neurons still work normaHy”与此对应。故选 C。答案：C5 .解析：下文说“毕竟我们的大脑不会总是告诉我们正确的时间”，G项中的“youcant always trust your brain”与此衔接。故选 G。答案：G七请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中，选择 五个
45、还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。Humans* Greatest AchievementsThe Earth is 4.5 billion years old, but the human race has lived on it for just 200,000 years.In that short time, we have achieved some amazing things.1. The list is almost endless.The invention of the airplane has changed our lives. The discovery of a
46、ntibiotics（抗生素）has saved the lives of millions of people.Can you imagine living without electricity? What about the printing press（Ep）刷术）? Without the printing press, you wouldnt be reading this.In the last 50 years , there have been great achievements in communication, such as radio, TV, computers,
47、 the Internet, and smartphones（智能手机）.2. What about the arts? The arts have brought pleasure to many people, but are the Beatles and Bach more important than antibiotics? 3.Finally, we must not forget humans early achievements.4.We cant imagine modern life without cooked food and cars.What are humans
48、* greatest achievements? To answer the question, we need to decide what we mean by “great”.5.Or is it just something that makes us say “Wow like the Great Wall?What do you think?A. Do you think it is difficult to have great achievements?B. Is it something that makes us rich or happy or saves lives?C. We enjoy these things every day because they are free to use.D. They used fire for cooking and heating and invented the wheel.E. Many of humans* great achievements are in science and technology.F. And is Mickey Mouse as important an achiev