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1、僖专题九形容词和副词。高考感知1 o（2019 ,日斤江高考，65） School uniforms are （tradition） in Britain ? but some schools are starting to get rid of themo答案：traditional 此处形 容词作表语，用来说明主语school uniforms的特点.2. . （2019 浙江鬲考）60）When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings） car drivers can （ easy） see themo
2、答案:easily 此处修饰动词see,用easy的副词形式easily。3. （2019 全 国卷 I ,68）Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating （聚集）around human settlements） leading to the illusion （错觉）that populations are （high） than they actually are o答案：higher 根据空格后的than可知，此处应用high的比较级 形式 higher.4. （2019 全国卷H
3、I）61）On our way to the house, it was raining hard that we couldnft help wondering how long it would take to get there o答案：so 分析句子结构可知，此处是sothat.结构，意为(2)不规则变化原级比较级最同级good/wellbetterbestbad/iUworseworstoldolder/elderoldest/eldest续表原级比较级最同级much/manymoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/ furtherfarthest/fur
4、thest2.比较级和最高级的用法比较级的用法“比较级+than”，表示一方超过另一方。Our school is better than that one.“less +原级+ than” ,表示一方不及另This park is less beautiful than that one.“the+比较级,the +比较级。.o )表示“越越OThe higher the temperature is, the greater the pressure is.“比较级+ and+比较级”，表示越来越” oThe weather is getting colder and colder o注意
5、比较级可以被 even, a lot, a bit, a litde, still, much, far,yet, any?rather, no) a great deal, by far 等修饰.He works even harder than before o(2)与比较等级相关的常用表达more B than A = less A than B ”与其说 A 不如说 B”.He is more lazy than slow at his worko=He is less slow than lazy at his workomore than 不仅仅” ;no more than =
6、only ”仅仅)只不过“ ；not more than “至多，不超过”。Language is more than a tool with which people communicate with each other.no+比较级+ than .。. “都不”，是对两者的共同否定，且侧 重前者;而比较级+than“不及”，表前者不如后者。Josie speaks Chinese no more fluently than her brother.I don t run faster than anyone else in my class.(3)最高级的用法三者或三者以上相比，表示最高
7、程度时，用“the+最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范)的介词短语。Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.He works (the) hardest in his classo最鬲级可被序数词以及 much, by far, nearly ? almost ? by no means, not quite, not really, nothing like 等词 语所彳变饰。The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.This is by far the best movie t
8、hat I have ever seen.0专项训练I o单句语法填空1 . (2020 陕西省部分学校第一学期摸底检测)In addition , singing in groups helped people feel (litde) stressed, enhanced their mood and increased their confidence social skills and feeling of well being.答案:less 才艮据后 面 的 enhanced their mood 。 . feeling of well- being 可知，合唱帮助人们缓解压力，即
9、帮助人们感受到更少的压 力，故用副词little的比较级less,修饰其后的形容词stressed。2 . How ( consider) and wonderful of you to remember mybirthday!答案：considerate 句意：您真的很体贴很好，还记得我的生日!how后面接形容词,构成感叹句。3 . (2019 广东省五校联考)In the 2014 PISA rankings? which measures global educational standards, Thai students performed below the global aver
10、age and much (bad) than those from poorer Vietnam in subjects like maths and science.答案：worse 根据空格后than的提示可知，设空处应为比较 级,bad的比较级为worse.4 . (2019 内蒙古赤峰二中高三第二次月考)As Artificial Intelligence becomes (increasing) complicated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat.答案：increasingly 修饰动词
11、短语 becomes complicated ? 应该使 用副词作状语。5 . I am writing to express my warm congratulations on your winning the first prize in the English Speech Contest (recent) held in our city。答案：recendy 句意：我写信表达热烈的祝贺.祝贺你在我市最近举办的英语演讲比赛中获得一等奖。修饰过去分词held用副词 形式。6 I m very happy to know that you have(success) got the go
12、ld medal in the International Science and Technology Innovation Contest this year.答案：successfully句意：我很高兴获悉你在今年的国际科技创 新大赛中成功获取金牌。修饰动词have got用副词形式。7 . After all the work had been done) we headed home) (tire) but happy.答案：tired句意：所有工作完成之后,我们回家了，虽然疲劳 但是开心。说明句子主语we的状态，所以用形容词作状语。8 . I don t think what he
13、 said is (relevance) to the topic we are discussingo He has missed the point.答案：relevant relevant “有 关的)贴切的”.be relevant to “与相关的，固定搭配.9 . (2019 广东省高三“六校联盟”第一次联考)The Metropolitan Museum of Art (Met) is one of the world1 s (large)art museums o答案largest句意：大都会艺术博物馆是世界上最大的博物馆之 一。根据oneofthe+形容词最高级+复数名词”的
14、结构可知，此 处使用largesto10 . (hope) we 11 meet again on Thursday.答案：Hopefully 句意：希望咱们星期四再见面。修饰整个句子, 用副词作状语。Ho单句改错11 We could see very clear a strange light ahead of uso答案：clears clearly 修饰动词see应用clear的副词形式。12 . They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together o答案：earlierearly 由句子中的副词often可知，是一个
15、经常发生 的动作，无比较的对象，故需用原级.13 . They have also bought some gardening tools. Beside, they often get some useful information from the Internet.答案：BesideBesides beside是介词，意为“在旁边”，根据句意 和beside后面的逗号可知，此处应用副词besides （而且，此外）。14 I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music） and colle
16、cting the latest music albums o答案：differencedifferent 名词kinds前应该用形容词作定语） different kinds of.。. “不同种类的”。15 At one time, I even felt my parents couldn t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them.答案：freelyfree be free from “免于）不受的影响）没有的影响”，固定搭配。“如此以至于”，so修饰副词hardo5 .(2019 全国卷HI)68) They also
17、 shared with us many traditional stories about Hawaii that were(huge) popular with tourists.答案：hugely 所填词修饰形容词popular,故应用huge的副词形 式 hugelyo be hugely popular with 非常受欢迎16 (2018 ,全国卷 EI , 63)He screams the(loud) of all.答案：loudest由后面提到的“ofall”可知，指代三者以上“最 大的声音”，用最高级。17 . (2017 全国卷 I , 66)As a result, p
18、eople will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even (bad) the amount of fast food that people eat goes upo答案:worse设空处句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增 加了 .even worse 更糟糕的是“，习惯搭配。18 (2019 全国卷 I ,短文改错)I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident.答案：interestingintereste
19、d become interested in ” 变得对感兴趣”。19 （2019 ,全国卷 n ,短文改错）First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly o答案:coollycool 连系动词look后跟形 容词作表语。20 . （2019 ,全国卷田，短文 改错）What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one.答案：ordinarilyordinary此处用形容词ordinary修饰名词cafe.考点归纳n形容词1 .形容词的
20、作用形容词用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态或特征。在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语以及状语。In the valleys colourful butterflies flew around us。She can be really stubborn.I found it difficult to calm down o注意有些形容词通常作表语，不能像普通形容词那样作前置定语，这样的形容词称为表语形容词，如alive,alone, asleep,alike, afraid, awake, ashamed, sure。有些形容词只能作定语,不能作表语，这样的形容词称为定语 形容词，如 g
21、olden, wooden, silken, live, elder, former, latter, front, back, outer o2 .形容词在句中的位置(1)单个形容词作定语时，一般放在被修饰的名词之前;两个或两 个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时，排列顺序一般应考虑以下两种情 况：和被修饰的名词关系比较密切的形容词位置更靠近名词。Jane Eyre is a moving English novel.音节少的形容词在前，音节多的形容词在后。I have a small but beautiful room.(2)多个形容词排序常见形容词顺序归纳为口诀如下：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄
22、与新老，颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠。即限定词(冠词、代词、 数词等)+描绘性形容词(beautiful、interesting .。.)十大小、长短、高低形容词+形状、年龄、新旧形容词+颜色、国籍、出处、材料 形容词+用途、类别形容词+中心名词。可以简单地记为：“县 官行令宴国才(限冠形龄颜国材”The old lady wants to buy a beautiful red Chinese silk dress for her daughter as a presentoThey bought a charming big round new black French wooden w
23、riting desk last year.(3)单个形容词作定语时，在下列情况之下，形容词应放在被修 饰的词之后。形容词修饰不定代词something, nothing, anything等时应后 置。I have something important to tell you.There is nothing dangerous here.表语形容词作定语时需后置，如alive, present, possible, afraid)alone)awake oHe is the greatest writer alive.He is the only person awake at the
24、moment o3 .倍数表达法的句式倍数表达法主要有以下5种：(1) ooo倍数+ as+形容词/副词原级+as.。(2)。.倍数+形容词/副词比较级+tha3.(3) .00 倍数十the size/length/weight/height of o .。(4) o .0 倍数 + that of 倍数+ what o .0注意表示倍数的词始终在前面。我们的新房子是旧房子的三倍大。Our new house is three times as large as the old oneo=Our new house is three times larger than the old one
25、.=Our new house is three times the size of the old one.2017年的汽车产量比2016年的产量大六倍。The output of cars in 2017 is seven times that of 2016o= The output of cars in 2017 is seven times what it was in 2016oB副词i.副词的作用副词是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句的词，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。常在句中作状语、表语、定语、宾语补足语、介词宾语等成分。He got up early this m
26、orning.The building there looks very small o注意有些副词可修饰名词，用以加强语气，相当于状语。常用的这类副词为quite, rather,even等。We held quite a party last weekend.Even a child wont believe such a story you told.2.副词的分类3.副词在句中的位置时间副词now, today, recendy ) late) soon) yet频率副词often, always, usually, seldom) frequendy地点副词away, abroad,
27、 anywhere) downstairs, home, here) there方式副词clearly, carefully, badly) quietly, quickly程度副词almost, a little, much, very? rather? quite, fairly, deeply疑问连接副词when) where, why, how否定副词not, hardly, scarcely? rarely, never时间副词和地点副词一般放在句尾.如果这两种副词同时出现在 句中，则把地点副词放在时间副词前面，也可把时间副词放在句首。 但always, seldom, often)
28、never, rarely等副词通常放在行为动词之 前，放在情态动词、助动词和be动词之后.They will go there tomorrow oI often go to school at seven in the morningoMy brother is seldom late for school.注意enough作为副词时总是置于被修饰的形容词或副词后OThe book is easy enough for litde kids oenough作形容词时，可置于名词之前或之后。We havent enough time/time enough to prepare for th
29、e meetingo 目形容词与副词的比较级和最高级1 .比较级和最鬲级的基本构成(1)规则变化构成法原级比较级最同级一般单音节词末尾力口。er, o esttalltallertallestgreatgreatergreatest以不发音的e结尾的 单音节词和少数以.le 结尾的双音节词只加 -r, o stnicenicernicestsimplesimplersimplest以一个辅音字母结尾 的闭音节单音节词， 双写结尾的辅音字 母,再加。er, .estbigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottest以辅音字母+ y结尾 的双音节词，改y为i, 再力口.er, o esteasyeasiereasiestbusybusierbusiest少数以-er, o ow结 尾的双音节词末尾加 -er, o estclevercleverercleverestnarrownarrowernarrowest其他双音节词和多音 节词，在前面加more, most来构成比较级 和最同级importantmoreimportantmostimportanteasilymore easilymosteasily