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1、目录介词、介词短语、代同2020-2022三年高考真题分类汇编+最新名校试题汇编备考2023年高考英语一轮复习精练测(解析版)2022年高考真题介词介词短语与代词2021年高考真题介词介词短语与代词2020年高考真题介词介词短语与代词名校最新模拟题介词介词短语与代词一 2022高考真题1. (2022 全国甲卷)He flew 4, 700 kilometers Xian to Kashgar on Sept. 20, planning to hike back toXTan in five months.(用适当的词填空)【答案】from【详解】考查介词和固定搭配。句意:9月20日,他从47
2、00公里外的西安飞到了喀什,计划在五个月内 徒步回到西安。根据句意和Xi,an to Kashgar可知,此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”,应用介词from,固定搭 配表示“从 到 故填fromo2. (2022 年新高考 I 卷)Giant pandas also serve an umbrella species(物种),bringing protection to a hostof plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.(用适当的词填空)【答案】as【详解】考查介词。句意:大熊猫还充当(扮演
3、)着保护伞的角色,为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物 带来保护。serve as “充当”是固定搭配。故填as。3. (2022 年全国乙卷)May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially the United Nations on November 27th, 2019.(用适当的词填空)【答案】by【详解】考查介词。句意:今年5月21日是联合国于2019年11月27日正式命名的第一个国际茶日。根 据句意可知,此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名,be named by”由命
4、名”。故填by。4. (2022 年全国乙卷)The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕)at the ceremony, opening(it) first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth一A Special Exhibition of Puer Tea.(所给词的适当形 式填空)【答案】its【详解】考查代词。句意:在开幕式上,中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌,开启了它的第一个展览:大道遗真 普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词修饰。故填its。二2021年高考真题1. (
5、2021 全国甲卷)It was built originally to protect the city the Tang dynasty and has now beencompletely restored (修复).(用适当的词填空)【答案】in【详解】考查介词。句意:它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的,现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知, 表示“在某个朝代”应用介词in。故填in。2. (2021 年全国 I 卷)As the song goes, this long and winding road will never disappear”, and it will always
6、stick in the visitors memory. It sure does in(I).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】mine【详解】考查代词。句意:正如歌中所唱,这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失 它将永远留在游客的 记忆中。对我来说确实如此。根据前一句it will always stick in the visitors memory”可知,本句为does指代 前一句的stick,本句缺乏宾语,应用名词性物主代词mine指代my memory。故填mine。3. (2021 全国乙卷)Ecotourism has(it) origin with the environment
7、al movement of the 1970s.(所给词 的适当形式填空)【答案】its【详解】考查代词。句意:生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。根据空格后名词origin可知,此 处形容词性物主代词来修饰名词origino故填its。4. (2021 全国乙卷)Due to the growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types trips are now being classified as ecotourism. (用适当的词填空)【答案】of【详解】考查介词。
8、句意:由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,各种类型的旅行现在被归类为生态 旅游。types of各种类型的。根据句意,故填。f。5. (2021 年浙江卷 1 月)The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 2.1in women and men.(用适当的词填空)【答案】by【详解】考查介词。句意:该研究发现,1985年至2017年期间,农村地区女性和男性的平均BMI增加了 2.1o这里是说在1985年至2017年间,农村女性和男性的平均BMI值“增加了“2.1,故此处填介词by表示 增加的
9、幅度,故填by。6. (2021 年浙江卷 6 月)In 1844 they bought it $ 1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser.(用适 当的词填空)【答案】for【详解】考查介词。句意:1844年,他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯戴瑞德手中买下了它和一些土地。 “buy sth. for+价格”为固定搭配,表示“花钱买某物”。故填for。7. (2021年浙江卷6月)Shewas extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of(she), everything in good tas
10、te and in perfect order.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】herself【详解】考查反身代词。句意:她非常漂亮,并且她的房子就是她的写照,每件东西都摆放整齐,品味也 很好。结合语意,她的房子是她自己的写照,空处应用反身代词herself表示“她自己”,作介词of的宾语。 故填 herselfo三 2020年高考真题1. (2020新课标 I 卷)Data about the moons composition, such as how ice and other treasures it contains,could help China decide whether(i
11、t) plans for a future lunar (月球的)base are practical.(用单词适当形 式填空)【答案】 much its【详解】考查形容词。句意:关于月亮构成的数据,比如它含有多少水和其他财富,可以帮助中国决定它 未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词,应使用much修饰,故填much。考查代词。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知,此处应使用形容词性物主代词its,故填its。2. (2020 年全国 II Orange trees are more decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and
12、 wealth.(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】than【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:橘子树不仅仅是装饰品,它们还是好运和财富的象征。分析句子可知用“more than+名词。意为“不只是,不仅仅是”。故填than。3. (2020 年全国 III 卷)The artist was finally humbled (谦卑)by the greatest artist earth, Mother Nature.(用适当的词填空)【答案】on【详解】考查介词。句意:这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家大自然母亲所羞辱。结合句意可 知,空格处表示“在世界上、短语为on earth。故填on。4. (2
13、020 年山东卷)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟)and imagine (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】themselves【详解】考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品,游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏,想象自己生活在一个不同的 历史时期,或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors,意为“他们自己”,应使用反身代词。主语与
14、宾语为 同一个人时,宾语用反身代词。故填themselves。5. (2020 年全国新高考 I 卷)Museums must compete peoples spare time and money with otheramusements.(用适当的词填空)【答案】for【详解】考查介词。句意:博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。结合语意,博物馆必 须为了人们的业余时间和金钱竞争,应用固定短语compete for,表示“为竞争”。故填for。6. (2020 年浙江卷)Some time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real
15、 attempt to control the world they lived, through agriculture.(用适当的词填空)【答案】in【详解】考查介词。句意:公元前10000年之后,人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们生活的世界。 根据句子结构,they lived”前是省略了引导词的定语从句which或that,在句中修饰the worldo 先行词在从句中作宾语。live in +名词,意为“居住在某地”。故填in。7. (2020 新课标 I 卷短文改错) After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the st
16、ove, 1 waited patiently unless the oil was hot.【答案】off-on【详解】考查介词。句意:之后我把油倒进锅里,打开炉子,耐心地等着油热起来。W I poured oil into a pan及常识可知,把油倒进锅里后应是打开炉子,所以此处应使用短语turn on (打开),turn off译为“关 闭”。故将off改为on。8. (2020 新课标 I 卷短文改错)Not that way,my mom tried to stop us but failed.【答案】us一me【详解】考查代词。句意:“不是那样。”我的妈妈尽力阻止我,但是失败了。
17、根据语境可知,是作者一个 人做菜,此处指妈妈尽力阻止“我”,应使用第一人称单数的宾格me。故将us改为me。9. (2020新课标II卷短文改错)Thenlcan spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together on every day.【答案】去掉。n【详解】考查介词。句意:然后我可以抽出一些时间来学习它,这样我们可以每天一起练习。介词on后 接的是具体时间,every day译为“每一天”,前不能用任何介词修饰。故将on去掉。10. (2020 新课标 II 卷短文改错)Best of luck w
18、ith yours learning kung fu in China.【答案】 yours 一your【详解】考查代词。句意:祝你在中国学习功夫好运。分析句子,句中的yours为名词性物主代词,此处 放在动名词learning前面,用形容词性物主代词。故将yours改为your。11. (2020 年江苏卷)Taking on this challenge will bring you someone who shares your interests.A. in exchange for B. in answer to C. in contact with D. in memory of【
19、答案】c【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意:接受这个挑战会让你和你有共同兴趣的人接触。A. in exchange for作为 交换;B. in answer to 回答;C. in contact with 接触,与 有联系;D. in memory of 纪念。根据空后 someone who shares your interests及常识可知,此处指“和与你有共同兴趣的人接触故选C。12 .(2020 年江苏卷)This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for.A.
20、Whichever B. whenever C. wherever D. whatever【答案】D【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意:这个演员通常在表演前就已经计划好了前两个技巧,然后全力以赴。 A. whichever无论哪个;B. whenever无论何时;C. wherever无论何地;D. whatever无论什么。分析句子成 分可知,此处做goes for的宾语,指代“任何事情”,whatever符合语境。故选D。13 . (2020 年天津卷)For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake a monkey.A. in the sha
21、pe of B. beyond the reach ofC at the mercy of D. on the side of【答案】A【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意:我五岁生日的时候,妈妈给我烤了一个猴子形状的蛋糕。A. in the shape of 呈 形状;B. beyond 山e reach of 超出 的能力之外 C. at the mercy of 受 的支配;D. on the side of拥护,站在的一边。蛋糕是猴子“形状”的。故选A。四名校最新模拟题1 .(湖南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期月考)In Chinese art history, Qi Ba
22、ishi ranks 56 a towering figure.【答案】as【详解】考查介词。句意:在中国美术史上,齐白石是一位举足轻重的人物。固定搭配rank as”被列为工 故填aso2 .(湖南省长沙市雅礼中学20222023学年高三上学期月考)This has given Sitienei more 42 an education.【答案】than【详解】考查介词。句意:这给Sitienei带来的不仅仅是教育。more than是固定短语,意为“比更多, 超过,不仅仅。故填than。3 . (2022 年浙江“山水联盟”高三联考英语学科试题)1 had read it before C
23、ovid-19 broke out, but still I longed 37 the right moment to reread it.【答案】for【详解】考查介词。句意:我在新冠肺炎爆发之前读过它,但我仍然渴望有一个合适的时机重读它。分析 句子可知,空格处应填入介词。longfor是固定短语,意为“渴望,期待”,故填介词for。4 .(浙江衢州二中 2022 届高三英语第一次模拟考试)Fear of the blazes has also led to strategic blackouts that have left millions 37 power.【答案】without【详
24、解】考查介词。句意:对大火的恐惧也导致了战略性停电,导致数百万人停电。根据前文blazes和 blackouts可知几百万人也停电了,表达为without power,故填withouto5 .(2022 届 5 月宁波市镇海中学高考模拟英语试题)Some families are happy that their children no longer have to wear masks, which can make children focus 39 study better, while others hold the different ideasabout the quitting
25、 of the restriction.【答案】on【详解】考查介词。句意:一些家庭很高兴他们的孩子不再需要戴口罩,这可以让孩子更好地专注于学习, 而另一些人则对放弃限制持不同的观点。focus on为固定短语,意为“集中于L故填。n。6 .(交大附中 2023 届高三开学英语诊断练习)Their feet also have a layer of thick fur,16 helps coverfootsteps.【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意:它们的脚上也有一层厚厚的皮毛,有助于遮盖足迹。此处是非限定性定语 从句,先行词是thick fur,在从句中作主语,应用关系代词whi
26、ch。故填which。7 . (2022-2023云南师范大学附属中学高三上学期月考改错)I have put up a notice on the notice board to see if anybody took the book in mistake.【答案】in改为by【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:我已在布告栏上贴了一张告示,看是否有人拿错了书。短语by mistake意 为“错误地”为固定搭配,此处需用介词by。故将in改为by。8 .(广西柳州高中柳南校区英语2022届高考模拟试题)Because its flowers emerge before its leaves and
27、64 takes a long time to come into flower, the tree, often shown with a crane (仙鹤),is linked withlong life.【答案】it【详解】考查代词。句意:因为它的花出现在叶子之前,花也需要很长时间才能开花,所以这棵树,通常 与鹤一起展示,与长寿联系在一起。It takes some time to do,意为“花费时间去做某事”,it为形式主语代 替后面的不定式,根据语境,故填it。9 .The flowing water joins here to form it. On average, the
28、evaporation (蒸发)there is more than 60 times of the annual rainfall.【答案】that【详解】考查代词。句意同上。根据句意可知,上文“the evaporation (蒸发)there”指该地的蒸发量(水), 空白处在句中指月牙泉所在地的降水量(水),表示同一含义,但内容为不同物,为了避免重复,所以用 代词that,表特指,指代同类异物。故填that。10 . She has composed several songs, including called the Little dog in Dream”, where she i
29、magined herlife with the company of a guide.【答案】one【详解】考查代词。句意:熊小姐把钢琴当作她最好的朋友。她创作了几首歌曲,其中一首名为梦中的 小狗,她在歌中想象了自己在向导陪伴下的生活。根据Little dog in Dream”可知,此处是指一首乐曲, 所以应用one代指。故填one。11 . (2022 云南测试卷)It has long been a dream for the Lao people to see their country change from a land-locked country to a land-link
30、ed one”, and the opening of the new railway is a big step toward turning 16(they)dream into reality.【答案】their【详解】考查代词。句意:老挝人民长期以来一直梦想看到自己的国家从一个内陆国家转变为一个“与土 地相连的国家”,而新铁路的开通是实现他们的梦想的一大步。用形容词性物主代词their作定语修饰名词 dream o 故填 their o12 . (2022 广东广州一模)By the age of 23, she has visited all the countries in an
31、effort to challenge 51(she) and push the limits of 52 she believed was possible for a female traveler.【答案】herself【详解】考查代词。句意:23岁时,她走遍了所有的国家,努力挑战自己,挑战她认为女性旅行者可能达 到的极限。动词challenge后缺宾语,和主语指的是同一个人,意为“挑战她自己”,所以用反身代词。故 填 herselfo13 . (2022 江西南昌二中一模)Because of the interlacement (交织)of the lanes, every hous
32、e is connected to the other, making 27 easy for local people to keep in touch with their neighbors.【答案】it【详解】考查代词。句意:因为道路的交织,每个房子都连接着,让当地人很容易和邻居保持联系。根据 句子分析可知,此空句中作形式宾语,真正的宾语为后文的to keep in touch with their neighbors,故应用it 做形式宾语,故填it。14 . (2022 江西赣州模)An important factor affecting happiness is the ten
33、dency to compare ones situation with 75 of other people.【答案】that【详解】考查代词。句意:影响幸福感的一个重要因素是倾向于将自己的情况与其他人的情况进行比较。 根据句意可知,此句是将自己的情况与其他人的情况进行比较,此处指同类异物,特指,故用代词that代 替 situation,故填 that。15 .(2022 年北京八十中学高三测试)Common symptoms include falling asle叩 later than 2 am,15 theaverage time taken to fall asleep bein
34、g more than one hour.【答案】with【详解】考查介词。句意:常见的症状包括凌晨2点后入唾,平均入唾时间超过1小时。分析句子结构以 及分句中的the average time和being可知,此处为with的复合结构作伴随状语。故填with。16 .(重庆市一中 2021 届高三适应性考试)It spread around quickly and tens of thousands of people were infected. Zhong, 84, led(he) team to fight the illness.【答案】his【详解】考查代词。team为名词,修饰形
35、容词性物主代词修饰。故填his。17 .(福建省龙岩市高三质检)Many companies showed interest in hiring Liang, but Liang committed(he) to his former job as a teacher in Chongqing Technician College of Railway Transportation, as well as a coach in the Chinese Training Base in Electronics for WSC located in the same school.【答案】hims
36、elf【详解考查代词。句意:许多公司都有兴趣聘用梁,但梁仍投身于他之前的工作重庆铁路运输技术 学院的一名教师,以及位于同一所学校的WSC中国电子培训基地的一名教练员。结合句意表示“致力于 投身于”可知短语为commit oneself to,可知应填反身代词himselfo故填himselfo18 . (20222023 河北省保定市高三上学期 9 月测试)While the majority 65 children can use thesesprays, those with allergies need to consult a doctor before using them.【答案】
37、of【详解】考查介词。句意:虽然大多数儿童可以使用这些喷雾剂,但那些过敏的儿童在使用之前需要咨询 医生。短语the majority of表示大多数。故填of。19 .(湖北省武汉市高三质量检测)Chinas writing system forms a strong bridge linking the Chinese people and culture of the present with(that) of the past.【答案】those【详解】考查代词。句意见上一题。此处特指上文所提及的过去的中国人和中国文化,表复数含义,应用 those进行指代。故填thoseo20 . (2022-2023 北京人大附中高三上学期测试卷)After each students name was a number, such as 138,140,154 and so on. Look at these IQs,“ she thought to 14(she).【答案】herself【详解】考查代词。句意:她心想,看看这些人的智商。根据句子结构可知,此处缺少宾语,同时根据括 号提示和句意,主语和宾语一致,故用she的反身代词herself。故填herself。