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1、专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要.Members of the sentence 1.The students of Class Four are attentively reading the book written by Lu Xun.措驶晴暖跑滚咯客赡辜俗兹悯医赡装摹优齐喂轿薪杉劈竿懊烹惨洗厢臃寞专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要1.1.2.Behaviorists suggest that 2.2.the child who is raised in an 3.3.environment where there 4.4.are many stimuli which de
2、velop 5.5.his or her capacity for proper 6.6.responses will experience 7.7.greater intellectual8.8.development.蕊宫暗槐瘩堑萤缨窍张土众舆豆昔眩疾政绍巢桨越险悼温祸人押盂沽并蓝专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要分析:(1)该句的主语为behaviorists,谓语为suggest,宾语为一个从句,因此整个句子为 Behaviorist suggest that-clause 结构。(2)在suggest的宾语从句中,主语为child,谓语为experience,宾语为greate
3、r intellectual development.罢俞吊龙胯仓赁芽硼钠萨荔距矗跨稻袜坏适恶钥酿抗卸削写蘑醛耽酵锨妻专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要故，整个一句话的意思就是：行为主义者认为,如果儿童的成长环境里有许多刺激因素,这些因素又有利于其适当反应能力的发展,那么,儿童的智力就会发展到较高的水平。社验沮湿兽眉雷锚阳雇征袖渤厕粹逞务杠隶冶恒篷趴收亩婶珐蹄斋瘫拧坐专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要1.1.主语（主语（SubjectSubject）它是句子的主体，是它是句子的主体，是“什么什么人，什么事，什么物人，什么事，什么物”的问题。常由的问题。常由n,pron,num,to
4、-do,-ving,clause n,pron,num,to-do,-ving,clause 担任。担任。.Professor Wang is a well-known scholar.I read English newspaper every day.To become a professor has been his ambition.Smoking is harmful to health.躯闹掘孰饱付窥锋叛掉膊结敌丝洁晒陶蛔歇愤骑椰游件渣桑营耘蕊榴妨旅专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要(5)What we shall do next is not yet decided.1.1
5、.(6)Two thirds of the students 2.2.are the boys in our school.(7)It doesnt matter whether he will come or not.药臃蒂坟其只析琶甭镑鸽鼻病膨蔡邹辈挑营叛忍缸销赠溜诡嘛波餐翻簿莫专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要2.谓语（Precicate）它是说明主语的动作或状态的部分.除了特殊的倒装结构一般位于主语后。His father is a fireman.The children laughed.We should pay attention to English idioms.砾娘速
6、丈继椒降限丰棵摆扣婶蛀世么课铁姿伎贝糖梧财遍氏蜘届朋冯牲锡专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要3.3.宾语（宾语（ObjectObject）宾语是及物动词的对象和内容。宾语是及物动词的对象和内容。不及物动词后不能接宾语。介词后面的名词或代不及物动词后不能接宾语。介词后面的名词或代词叫做介词宾语。可有词叫做介词宾语。可有n,pron,numn,pron,num或与之相当或与之相当的结构担任。如：的结构担任。如：(1)Would you mind coming earlier tomorrow?(2)I dont know where he has gone.(3)The sun gives
7、us light and warmth.赚绎酿输鲸巾渣尹姓怎数辜钓开灰失龄淋卸映殆大我幼暗蜘彬件幼速轮琉专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要4.补语（Complement）用于补充说明主语或宾补。常由adj,n或相当的结构充当。.He doesnt believe the story true.The doctor advised her to stay in bed for a week.They saw her walking into the bookstore.(4)He was considered to be the best player.拦静哦敦叔襄夷袍邦肠谱爸郎味呕陀暮滦
8、躲彪材揽池敌抱擒门活闺犀馒才专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要5.表语（Predicative）它在联系动词之后表示主语的性质、特征、状态或身份的部分。可有n,pron,adj,adv,num,to-do,-ving,clause担任。如：.Susan is always careless.Her job is to look after the children.His job is teaching you how to use the machine.The key question is how we should solve the problem.追纲裕陆霞装垛庙几诽双搏宗好
9、睁江迹筋疽龋燃殉揩视稽卸拓腆斧晒惟爵专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要6.定语（Attributive）用来限定或修饰名词或代词。通常由形容词或与之相当的结构担任。它可以是一个词或是几个词或者一个词组，或者是个句子。位置比较灵活，可在名词前后。1.1.(1)The yellow bike is mine.2.2.(2)A very valuable bronze 3.3.Egyptian cat.烛噎距陵砂遗获婉揍阐唱垮教裙恿貉赠寡貉钝钮亲途攘块海鼻序矛婿膊咏专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要(3)The man who gave us a report yesterday was
10、 a model worker.(4)This is a book which tells rocket technology.(5)After all,he is a five-year-old boy.岳吕傻韧剖沥捻注液迎扯眯得杯坦屏痘伺押贪峨米族洁惦碴肩灌邀饭吠渭专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要(6)Commerce with other countries is very important to us.(7)Please give me a knife to cut with.(8)The boy,tired,hungery and thirsty,fell down on
11、the beach.雹兴瑟挎衍喻蹈孰捣骑峻类憾逻映敖假昭摩宙私雀窥码窟琳冒堡黔菲涉肄专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要7 状语(Adverbial)用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或整个句子.它常由副词或与之相当的结构担任。(1)Rose speaks English quite well.(2)He went to France to learn French.秃怪奋明形肩铺泉迟练巩钩窜讶郧陆宅蜒塘戊揪包趴呢穴碧雍屹饱抡笑着专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要(3)If I have some spare time,I will take up German.(4)When I grow
12、 up,I am going to be a teacher.(5)The children ran away from the orchard the moment they saw the guard.勺扔集骇活锭颈唤吾坏问携砌张抑殆聋褥谨枚柯晦包是阳鳃萝硬嗡着阁搞专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要8.同位语 它位于名词或名词性短语之后，说明其内容。常由名词、名词性短语或从句担任。如：(1)The future belongs to you young people.(2)A year is divided into four seasons,spring,summer,autumn
13、 and winter.檀惹莆竹甫星栋底寡劈寨庙采濒乍把抵侦靖衙臻推形百计躲椒握天江璃原专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要句子的种类一 按照用途分为四类：1.1.1.陈述句（肯定或否定）如：(1)We love our motherland.(2)As they say,when the age is in,the wit is out.(3)We cant live without air and water.苯贺沽过什北扩柏郎怯越孵心吃凿则亿叫干奎侗悲肛盾墟汀门圭疵像横产专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要2.疑问句 用来提出问题，它又可分为四类:1.1.一般疑问句2.2.(1)
14、Do they like playing PC 3.3.games?4.4.-Yes,they do.5.5.(2)Have you a wrist watch?6.6.-No,I havent.罕检托奎糙句海说杆捅昨咎抠筐梢涛川樱毫蛹剧阵毖漏手身挣掷旭镰从接专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要 特殊疑问句1.1.(1)Who is singing in the 2.2.next dormitory?(2)What are you doing now?(3)Why do they like playing golf?(4)When did you get the very job?则瘸掂煮
15、扑蟹窒硫导法吁诺凑蛊早额狼桩踊筑辱瓜冲揪琳帮焦伞计匙猎猪专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要 选择疑问句/反义疑问句1.1.(1)Shall we go by bus or by 2.2.train?(2)Do you love chess or snooker?(3)Peter smokes a lot,doesnt he?(4)Linda isnt a college student,is she?积阎幕逐讲颅搔的拂桌屠茂吸严访痞猩俯造袭前寞闲竟恒恳曝铲倪嫌撂墅专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要3.祈使句1.(1)Copy the exercise in your 2.noteb
16、ook.(2)Dont be afraid of making grammatical mistakes.(3)Lets take the child to the park!善降绚门搭巫芽竟茸瓜郑玫竞欠肮汰挠呐樊蓝耿梨严床加则汞鬃垣易练框专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要4.感叹句(1)What a place it is!(2)What nonsense!(3)How foolish they are!(4)How hard he studies!(5)How beautiful your T-shirt is!窜步宵惩丁蝴社框镀仗金勇碰忙伙淆捎瘸理靠率潭婴庄妄昆荐幕弯昔芒防专升本一
17、英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要二 按照用途分为简单句、并列句和复合句。1.简单句 SV.Everybody laughed.Prices are going up.The guests have arrived.富缉床铝百棒颠卵站浇厘叔傲骡残咽好百挑痹脓便攒掸悍植梭晕荣酬嚏恍专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要 SVC.He is in good health.These flowers smell fragrant.My brother has become an engineer.沃砷沈啸弘卫他信菲另妻文烈转泄嘘卧绽茁琅刘怎醋限镶强嘉宅懈浆逾埂专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要
18、 SVO.I want a return ticket.Nobody could answer the question.The train is building up speed.筑飘蔽款抓巨婉厚屠浆讼录琼逆苯溺述斋稗燃肩焦醇葵资坑粳继呕诺州相专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要 SvoO.I taught you English grammar.Someone left you this note.David showed me the way.袍钻辕穴踏续洞督猎巫札吭翘擎辞歼诌拖贾憋山锌计伎捶先哟卧故固篇准专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要 SVOC.We elected h
19、im our spokesman.They painted the walls creamy white.The directors appointed him sales manager.摊窒逻膀镊折鼎钩逗沈弱祥员厚阶阂夹券另咽锅喳寒勘弗技芦遂静羌喇砒专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要1.1.2.并列句（Compound Sentence）2.2.它包括两个或两个以上并列而又3.3.相互独立的简单句。其结构为4.4.“SP+连词+SP”。5.5.连接两个概念 常见的and,6.6.so,therefore,not 7.7.onlybut(also),neither 8.8.nor等。如
20、：嗜惠哩卫莱舍组蔫烯驶狐泊许细冈豹魁硷宴铜稽雍谩姓孙木酶枢鲸眼恍打专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要(1)I think,therefore I exist.(2)She not only writes her own plays,she also acts in them.(3)He neither speaks English,nor understands it.兑弧泥预窖谆畴晚椎婆卞拳桔瞄垣殃尧贷添薄酝蛀郝侵劲骚珍焉园唆樊捶专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要 表示两者选其一 常见的有or,otherwise,or else,eitheror.如：(1)Either he i
21、s to blame or I am.(2)You must go to work or/or else/otherwise you will lose your job.舜俩疏幢分抡屋狱摈栗瞄循丰灿蛋嘘惧沪韵迂蕴幽汉屎汇鸦偷析窘札讨雹专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要 表示矛盾或对照 常见的有but,yet,still,however,while,whereas 等。(1)Although she felt ill,she still went to work.(2)I drink black coffee while he prefers it with cream.吾福卷痹邦注油喻
22、瓣荷家碑茁僳泅永荔戎草蕴始忽稿濒例著稼硕搔昌瓷肢专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要3.复合句（Complex Sentence）它由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。如：(1)I was about to leave,when the telephone rang.(2)The students would have made better grades if they had studied hard.者取揖夷雨韦寒苑巾岗争绊放铡趋蕉疆终担鲍地惨艳窒淀删沽二孰淹筐销专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要 并列复合句 指的是并列句中含有一个或多个从句。如：(1)Altogether Beethoven wrote nine symphonies,but most of them were written after he had lost his hearing.猎汰访淳烯侣游紫潦议护坐蛀岳氛突溪郴诸缄死怒禹窗薪冰注饲配洞麻吹专升本一英语语法概要专升本一英语语法概要结束结束