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1、关于介词关系代词第一页，本课件共有46页Preposition+which /+whomATTIBUTIVE:FOLLOW ATTIBUTIVE:FOLLOW ME!ME!定语从句定语从句第二页，本课件共有46页介词介词+关系词的定义关系词的定义当介词后的宾语提前做为先行词时，介词可以当介词后的宾语提前做为先行词时，介词可以放在定语从句中，也可提前放于关系词前放在定语从句中，也可提前放于关系词前He is the person _ you spoke to that/who/whom He is the person _ you spoke.whomThis is the house _ I
2、lived in 4 years agoThis is the house _ I lived 4y agothat/which whichtoin第三页，本课件共有46页The cityThe city whichwhich she lives inin is far away.The manThe man whomwhom you spoke toto is our headmaster.Thefarmwhichwe worked on ten years ago is beautiful.This isthetreewhichwe used to play games under.The
3、farmonwhichwe worked ten years ago is beautiful.The manThe man toto whomwhom you spoke is our headmaster.you spoke is our headmaster.The cityThe city inin whichwhich she lives is far away.This isthetreeunderwhichwe used to play games.第四页，本课件共有46页介词介词+关系词的功能关系词的功能一、一、“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”结构在定语从句中主要起结构在定语从句
4、中主要起关系副词的关系副词的作用，即在定语从句中充当状语作用，即在定语从句中充当状语。用在介词后的关系代词。用在介词后的关系代词只有只有whom,which和和whose 三个，不能用三个，不能用that.二、介词后面的关系词不能省略。二、介词后面的关系词不能省略。三、先行词时物时，介词后用关系词三、先行词时物时，介词后用关系词which，先行词是人时，先行词是人时，介词后用关系词介词后用关系词whom.四、表所属关系时用四、表所属关系时用of which/whomThe boy _ parents are both doctors won the first place in the exa
5、m.whoseThe boy the parents of whom are both doctors won the first place in the exam.=of whom the parents第五页，本课件共有46页关系副词关系副词when,where,why 和介词和介词+which之间的关系之间的关系关系副词关系副词when,where,why可以用可以用适当的介词适当的介词+which来替代。来替代。如：如：when=in/on/at+which,where=in/on/at+which,why=for+which。第六页，本课件共有46页1.Iwontforgetthe
6、 dateonwhichIwasborn.2.Thisisthe roominwhichIlived.3.Idontknowthe reasonforwhichhehaventcometoday.4.Tomstillremembersthe daysduringwhichtheylivedinTianjin.!5.Hangzhouisthe placetowhichIwentlastyear.6.Irememberthe dayonwhichmyfatherdied.Iwasonlytenyearsoldatthattime.=when=where=why=when=where=when第七页
7、，本课件共有46页介词介词+关系词中介词的选择关系词中介词的选择根据从句所修饰的根据从句所修饰的先行词先行词的需要来确定介词。的需要来确定介词。根据从句中根据从句中谓语动词或形容词搭配谓语动词或形容词搭配的需要来确定介的需要来确定介词。词。根据从句根据从句句意句意的需要来确定介词。的需要来确定介词。根据根据主从句搭配关系主从句搭配关系的需要来确定介词。的需要来确定介词。第八页，本课件共有46页The money_whichyouweretobuydogfoodisgone.Hewillneverforgetthe day_whichhefailedintheexam.Thisisthe mou
8、ntain village_whichIstayedlastyear.Illneverforgetthe farm_whichIworkedtogetherwithyou.一、根据从句所修饰的一、根据从句所修饰的先行词先行词的需要来确定介词的需要来确定介词with the money 用钱用钱onwithinonon the day 在那天在那天in the mountain village在山村在山村on the farm在农场在农场第九页，本课件共有46页Heisreallythe person_whomwehavealottolearn.The girl_whomyouaretalkin
9、gisworking.The West Lake,_whichHangzhouisfamous,isabeautifulplace.The man_whomIshookhandsjustnowismydaughtersEnglishteacher.二、根据定语从句中的二、根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词谓语动词或形容词确定确定learn from sb.向某人学习向某人学习talk to/with sb.与某人交谈与某人交谈be famous for 因为因为而闻名而闻名shake hands with sb.与某人握手与某人握手fromto/withforwith第十页，本课件共有46页 A
10、ir,_whichmancantlive,isreallyimportant.三、根据定语从句三、根据定语从句句意或主从句的搭配关系句意或主从句的搭配关系来确定来确定The pen_whichheiswritingnowwasboughtyesterday.Thisismy pair of glasses,_whichIcannotseeclearly.Heisthe girl_whomyouwenttoconcertlastnight.withoutwithwithoutwith第十一页，本课件共有46页一般情况下，介词放在关系代词一般情况下，介词放在关系代词whichwhich和和whom
11、whom之之 前，也可放在动词后。前，也可放在动词后。固定搭配的动词短语中的介词一般不能提前固定搭配的动词短语中的介词一般不能提前.常见的这类动词短语有常见的这类动词短语有:lookfor/after/forwardto、carefor、takecareof、hearof/about/from,等等.This is the right place Im looking for.The girl whom he is looking after is his sister.介词介词+关系词中介词的位置关系词中介词的位置第十二页，本课件共有46页 介词介词 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语
12、从句,关键是关键是判断判断介词的选择介词的选择,方法一是看从句谓语部方法一是看从句谓语部分分缺少什么介词缺少什么介词(习惯搭配习惯搭配),),再则可以通再则可以通过整个句子整体含义来判断过整个句子整体含义来判断,结合生活实结合生活实际来判断际来判断.Tips第十三页，本课件共有46页1.Doyoulikethebookonwhichshespent$10?2.Doyoulikethebookforwhichshepaid$10?3.Doyoulikethebookformwhichshelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebookaboutwhichsheoftentalks?
13、介词介词+关系代词的使用关系代词的使用5.ThemantowhomIspokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwriting.6.Glasses,withoutwhichIcantseeclearly,arereallyimportantforme.7.Chinaisabeautifulcountry,ofwhichweareproud.8.Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?第十四页，本课件共有46页Thisistheteacherwhosedaughterisafamousdoctor.=Thisisthete
14、acherthedaughterofwhomisafamousdoctor.1.1.名词名词+介词介词+关系代词关系代词Wehavethreeforeignteachers,twoofwhomarefromCanada.2.2.数词数词+介词介词+关系代词关系代词(含基数词含基数词.序数词序数词.分数分数和百分数）和百分数）第十五页，本课件共有46页3.3.代词代词+介词介词+关系代词（代词有关系代词（代词有allall、bothboth、nonenone、eithereither、eithereither、somesome、anyany等）等）Theoldwomanhastwosons,bo
15、thofwhomareteachers.Ihavemanyfriends,someofwhomarefromChina.4.4.形容词最高级形容词最高级+介词介词+关系代词关系代词Chinahasthousandsofislands,thelargestofwhichisTaiwanIsland.5.5.介词介词+关系代词关系代词+名词名词Hespentfouryearsincollege,duringwhichtimehestudiedmedicine.第十六页，本课件共有46页Look at these sentences!We bought a house in front of _ t
16、here is a lake.We had a barbecue on the farm behind _ we found a wood.Mike reached the post office,on the right of _ he noticed a supermarket.whichwhichwhich第十七页，本课件共有46页1.The man _I shook hands just now is my daughters English teacher.2.A desert is a great plain _ nothing will grow.3.He was the man
17、 _room the thief had stolen the bag.4.This is my pair of glasses,_I cannot see clearly.with whomin whichfrom whosewithout which第十八页，本课件共有46页5.The girl _he spoke made no answer.6.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year,80%_are sold abroad.7.They asked me a lot of questions,many
18、_ I couldnt answer.8.Two men,_I had ever seen before,came into my office.我以前我以前从未见过他们从未见过他们neither of whomto whomof whichof which第十九页，本课件共有46页9.He got his first salary，_ he gave to his parents.其中一半其中一半10.Our country has many islands,_is Taiwan.其中最大的其中最大的11.The journey around the world took the old s
19、ailor nine months,_ the sailing time was 226 days.the largest of whichhalf of whichof which第二十页，本课件共有46页 介词加关系代词的基本用法The man _ you shook hands just now is our headmaster.The room _ my family live used to be a garage.Did you find the pen _ I wrote just now?Did you find the paper _ I wrote my letter?D
20、id you find the composition _ I wrote just now?with whomin whichwith whichon whichwhich第二十一页，本课件共有46页 The farm we worked ten years ago isnt what it used to be.He is the man you can turn for help.This is the tree we used to play games.on whichto whomunder whichon the farm 在农场在农场turn to sb.for help 向某
21、人求助向某人求助under the tree 在树下在树下第二十二页，本课件共有46页 The sun gives us heat and light,_ we cant live.The student _ we were talking just now is the best student in our class.Ill never forget the day _ she said goodbye to me.Who can give me the reason _ he hasnt turned up yet?without whichabout whomon whichfor
22、which第二十三页，本课件共有46页1.The teacher_ _ I learnt most was Mrs Zhu.2.This is the house_ _ LuXun once lived.3.The reason _ _ I came here is that I want to get your help.4.The fellow _ _ I spoke made no answer.5.The West Lake,_ _ Hangzhou is famous,is a beautiful place.from whom in whichfor which to whomfo
23、r which第二十四页，本课件共有46页Practice第二十五页，本课件共有46页1.Doyouknowwholivesinthebuilding_thereisawell?A.infrontofitB.infrontofwhoseC.infrontofwhichD.infrontwhich2.Illneverforgettheday_IjoinedtheLeague.A.onwhichB.inwhichC.whichD.atwhich3.Thewoman_mybrotherspokejustnowismyteacher.A.whoB.towhomC.towhoDwhomCAB第二十六页，
24、本课件共有46页4.Jeannewasheroldfriend,_sheborrowedanecklace.A.fromwhoB.fromwhomC.tothatD.towhom5.Hisglasses,_hewaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbrokeitsleg.A.whichB.withwhichC.withoutwhichD.that6.sheisateacherofmuchknowledge,_muchcanbelearned.A.whoB.thatC.fromwhichD.fromwhomBCD第二十七页，本课件共有46页7.Hebuiltate
25、lescope_hecouldstudytheskies.A.inwhichB.withthatC.throughwhichD.byit8.Doyouknowthereason_hewaslate?A.thatB.whichC.forwhatD.forwhich9.Ihaveboughttwoballpens,_writeswell.A.noneofwhichB.neitherofwhichC.noneofthemD.neitherofthemCDB第二十八页，本课件共有46页10.TheSecondWorldWar_millionsofpeoplewerekilledin1945.A.dur
26、ingwhichB.inthatC.whereD.onwhich11.Chinahasmanyrivers,_theChangjiangRiveristhelongest.A.whichB.inwhichC.amongwhichD.oneofwhich12.Thisistheveryknife_Iusedtocutapplesyesterday.A.thatB.bywhichC.whichD.withwhichACD第二十九页，本课件共有46页13.Thespeed_whichyoudriveyourcarmustnttoohigh.14.Intheparktherearemanyflower
27、s,thecolour_whichisbrightandnice.15.Thelittlegirlisreadingabook,_whichtherearemanypictures.16.Whatwerethethings_whichhewasnottoosure?17.Theyheldameeting,_whichthehospitaldirectormadeaspeech.18.Thebook,_whichhepaid6yuan,isworthreading.atofinaboutatfor第三十页，本课件共有46页19.Isthistheman_whosehousethepolicefo
28、undthelostcolouredTV?20.Thevillagersdugalongtunnel_whichtheycouldgotothefieldswithoutbeingfoundbytheJapanesesoldiers.21.WuDong,_whomIwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.22.ThestoriesaboutLongMarch,_whichthisisoneexample,arewellwritten.inthroughwithof第三十一页，本课件共有46页 I will never forget the day _ I firs
29、t went to school.状语状语 I will never forget the day _ we spent in Beijing.宾语宾语 The house _ we visited is being repaired now.宾语宾语 The house _ Luxun once lived is being repaired now.状语状语when(which/that)(which/that)whereThe reason _ he didnt come to school yesterday is that he was ill.The reason_he gave
30、isnt believable.宾语宾语whythat whichx第三十二页，本课件共有46页1.Thisisall_Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2.Isthereanythingelse_yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what 考点一考点一考点一考点一:that与与which的区别的区别先行词为先行词为all,little,much,everything,nothing,no,something,anything等不定代词时，关系代词用等不定代词时，关系代词用that第三十三页，本课件共有46页
31、4.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks_interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.itD.whom 先行词为人和物的组合，关系代词用先行词为人和物的组合，关系代词用that。若主句中有疑问代词若主句中有疑问代词 who 或或 which，为了避免重复，为了避免重复,关关系代词用系代词用 that。7.Whichwasthehotel_wasrecommendedtoyou?A.thatB.whichC.whereD.it第三十四页，本课件共有46页6.Isoxygentheonlygas_helpsfireb
32、urn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰，先行词前有序数词先行词被序数词或最高级修饰，先行词前有序数词(the first),形容词最高级形容词最高级(the best),the last,the very,the only 等时，关系代词用等时，关系代词用that。5.The last place _ we visited was the Great Wall.A.which B.that C.where D.it 第三十五页，本课件共有46页 1.先行词为先行词为all,little,much,everything,nothing,something,a
33、nything等等不定代词不定代词.2.先行词被先行词被all,little,much,every,no,等修饰时。等修饰时。3.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰，先行词前有序数词先行词被序数词或最高级修饰，先行词前有序数词(thefirst),形容词最高级形容词最高级(thebest),thelast,thevery,theonly等时。等时。4.先行词为人和物的组合。先行词为人和物的组合。5.若主句中有疑问代词若主句中有疑问代词who或者或者which，为了避免重复，为了避免重复,关系代词用关系代词用that。只用只用that的情况的情况:考点一考点一考点一考点一:that与与which的区别的
34、区别第三十六页，本课件共有46页 1.Jim passed the driving test 1.Jim passed the driving test,_ surprised everybody in _ surprised everybody in the office.the office.A.which B that C this D.it A.which B that C this D.it 只用只用which的情况的情况:1.逗号后面逗号后面2.介词后面介词后面2.Theday_hewasbornwasAug.20,1952.AonwhichBthatCwhichD.this一个句
35、子一个句子,两个定语从句两个定语从句,为避免重复为避免重复,一个用一个用that,另一个用另一个用which.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library _ was newly open to us.A that B which C where D as第三十七页，本课件共有46页Anyone _breaks the law is punished.Those _ break the law are punished.He _ breaks the law is punished.在在one,anyone,those指人
36、时一般用指人时一般用“who”。he/she/I/they作先行词时作先行词时,用用“who”代替代替“that”.考点二考点二:that与与who的区别的区别whowhowho第三十八页，本课件共有46页考点三考点三:介词介词+关系代词关系代词提醒提醒:介词介词 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句,关键是判断介关键是判断介词的选择词的选择.方法一方法一:根据从句中根据从句中动词动词与与先行词先行词习惯搭配习惯搭配；方法二方法二:根据从句中动词与先行词的根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系。逻辑关系。注意：注意：关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从
37、句常常由常由“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引出。此时关系代词只能用引出。此时关系代词只能用which或或whom;不可用不可用that或或who代替。代替。1.Themanwithwhomyoushookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.2.Theroominwhichmyfamilyliveusedtobeagarage.第三十九页，本课件共有46页ThemanisfromBeijingUniversity.Italkedabouthimatthemeeting.Theman(who/whom/that)ItalkedaboutatthemeetingisfromBei
38、jingUniversity.=ThemanaboutwhomItalkedatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.关系代词紧跟在介词后面时，不能用关系代词紧跟在介词后面时，不能用that，也不能省略，也不能省略，常用常用which或或whom。该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，。该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。也可放在从句之尾。但遇固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不作前置。但遇固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不作前置。Isthisthebook(which/that)youarelookingfor?第四十页，本课件共有46页考点四：考点四
39、：as与与which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换,但但下列情况多用下列情况多用asas。1.1.当与当与suchsuch或或the samethe same、soso、asas连用时，一般用连用时，一般用asas。Such Such books books as as you tell me are interestingyou tell me are interesting I have I have the same the same plan plan asas you.you.2.2.as as 引导
40、的从句可以放在句首引导的从句可以放在句首,as,as本身有本身有“正如正如,正象正象”之意，与之连用的词有之意，与之连用的词有 knowknow、seesee、expectexpect、AnnounceAnnounce、point out point out 等。等。AsAs we all know,the earth is round.we all know,the earth is round.第四十一页，本课件共有46页1._Engelspointedout,labourcreatedmanhimself.A.WhichB.ThatC.ThisD.As2.Theysaidtheywere
41、French._wasnttrue.A.WhichB.ThatC.ThisD.As3.Theclockstruckthirteen,_madeeveryonelaugh.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.As4.Wedothesamework_theydo.A.whichB.asC.thanD.like第四十二页，本课件共有46页考点五考点五:定语从句中主谓一致问题定语从句中主谓一致问题定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词先行词保持保持一致。一致。1.Iamnotonewhoisafraidofdifficulty2.Dontchoos
42、eme,whoamnotfitforthisjob3.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_.A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenB.thathaseverbeenwrittenC.thathaswrittenD.thathavewritten4.Sheistheonlyoneofthegirls_wellinclass.!A.whichsingsB.whosingC.whosingsD.whotosing第四十三页，本课件共有46页1.Isthisfactory_wevisitedlastweek?!Isthisthefactory_wevisitedlastweek
43、?A.whereB.thatC.towhichD.theone 解题关键：如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。解题关键：如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。ExercisesExercises2.Letmethinkofapropersituation_thissentencecanbeused.!A.whereB.thatC.ofwhomD.which 先行词是先行词是situation,case,scenesituation,case,scene时，且在定语从句中作状时，且在定语从句中作状语时，一般用语时，一般用where,where,最佳选择则是最佳选择则是in whichin which.DBA第四十四页，本课件共有46页15.HereareplayersfromJapan,someof_areouroldfriends.HerearesomeplayersfromJapanandsomeof_areouroldfriends.!A.whichB.thatC.whomD.them非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句并列句并列句CD第四十五页，本课件共有46页2022/12/10感谢大家观看第四十六页，本课件共有46页