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1、应用文写作指导之邀请信 讲义一、题型分析应用文是人们在日常生活中为处理各种事务、传递信息、交流感情而经常使用的具有约定俗成格式的一种实用文体。因此，应用文写作应该格式正确无误，语气贴切恰当，信息传达清楚明白，语言规范简练，对目标读者产生预期的交际效果。应用文写作包括书信（邀请信、感谢信、推荐信、道歉信、询问信、求助信、介绍信、建议信、求职信、投诉信）、便条、通知、启事（寻物启事、招领启事）、简历、海报等，而书信邮件是高考应用文写作的常见考查形式。邀请信的格式要正确，例如称呼语、正文、结束语和署名；态度应该热情，开头明确表明写信目的，结尾盼望收信人接受邀请；内容应该完整清楚，比如确定的时间、地点
2、和活动内容，让被邀请人不能有任何疑惑；语言应该简短明晰，不应为了渲染文章故意使用一些过于华丽的辞藻。二、题目要求假定你是李华，计划组织一次旅游，请给你的英国朋友Chris写封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括：1. 参加者；2. 时间、地点；3. 活动：登山、野餐等。注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。试题要点分析（一）内容要点1. 邀请Chris；2. 参加者；3. 时间、地点；4. 活动：登山、野餐等。（二）应用词汇和语法结构的情况1. 使用与主题相关的词汇；2. 能够使用恰当的语法结构。（三）上下文的连贯性按照内容要点展开写作，使用恰当的连接词或表达法使文章内容连贯。写
3、作构思对于这封邀请信（Letter of Invitation），可采用以下步骤来构思：参考范文Dear Chris，Im writing to invite you to join me for a trip to Mount Li. Several friends of mine will also go with me. We plan to set off at about 7 oclock on August 18th. It will take about an hour to get there by bus. Well climb the mountain， fish in t
4、he river， and cook a meal in the open.Well come back in the late afternoon. So， come with us. We are sure to have a good time！Best，Li Hua三、习作点评学生习作1Dear ChrisIm Li Hua and Im writing to extend my earnest invitation for your participation in the outing organized by me. Aiming to gain a better acquain
5、tance with exotic culture， I have asked teenagers I know all over the world to get actively involved in this event.For the sake of convenience， the outing falls in Hong Kong at 9 am On July 6th. Brimful of intriguing activities like climbing and having a picnic， this outing is bound to be a huge suc
6、cess.A response at your earliest convenience will be highly appreciated！Yours，Li Hua点评1首先，这篇习作覆盖了所有的内容要点，文章衔接自然流畅，完全达到了预期的写作目的。特别出彩的地方是作者的语言，不仅运用了许多高级词汇及地道表达，例如“extend my earnest invitation， gain a better acquaintance with exotic culture， intriguing activities”等，而且还应用了较多的语法结构，例如非谓语动词作定语及状语等，体现了其深厚的语
7、言功底及较强的语言能力。文章极富感染力，热情洋溢，是一篇佳作。然而文章也有几處不足。如Dear Chris称呼语之后没有逗号；“I have asked teenagers I know all over the world”句子似乎有些夸张，不合理，应该删去“all over the world”更好；“Brimful of intriguing activities”也是作者尝试使用高级词汇而使文章看上去略显夸张。总体而言，这篇作文是让阅卷老师眼前一亮的优秀作品，得分可以定在第五档。学生习作2Dear Chris，Im writing to invite you to go hiking
8、with me to the Yellowstone Park this Sunday.Well go with Tom and Bob who youve met before. At 8. a.m.， well gather at the Bus Stop， then take a bus to our destination. After arriving there， well climb the mountain. Youll must be attracted by the beautiful scene. As for the lunch， I think we should b
9、ring something for the picnic. If everything goes smoothly， well get back around 3. p.m.Look forward to your reply！Yours sincerely，Li Hua点评2这篇习作格式正确，并且覆盖了所有内容要点，语言简洁质朴，表达自然流畅，说明作者具有较强的语言组织能力。这篇文章最大的特色就是句子之间的衔接非常合理，逻辑清晰，思路顺畅，用词恰当贴切。“destination ”“If everything goes smoothly”等词语的使用增添了文章的色彩。全文结构紧凑，但句子运
10、用还是有几处欠妥：将“go hiking with me to the Yellowstone Park”这句调整为“go hiking with me in the Yellowstone Park”更为合理，因为根据下文得知，他们并不是徒步去黄石公园，而是坐公交车去的，所以应该是在黄石公园里徒步更恰当；“At 8. a.m.”“3. p.m.”两处时间表达失误了，8和3后面的那个小点应该去掉；“Youll must be”明显存在语法错误。综上，这篇习作的得分应该属于第四档。学生习作3Dear Chris，Im Li hua. I intend to organize a trip. I
11、will invite my friends who you will get on well with. We will go to Huangshan next Wednesday where we can visit beautiful natural views. Of course， the activities which are fantastic， for example， climbing the mountain and having a panic. At the same time， we will take photos in order to memory our
12、trip.I believe if you join us， you will love the views from the bottom of your heart. Im looking forward to travelling with you！Li Hua点评3这篇习作基本完成了试题规定的任务，覆盖了所有主要的内容，如邀请Chris参与，提及了时间（但是没有描述清楚具体的时间安排，例如几点出发，让被邀请人还是存在一些疑惑），说明了活动的地点和具体内容。语法结构和词汇基本能满足写作要求，但还是出现了一些错误，比如“Im Li hua. ”应该写为“Im Li Hua”；“Of cou
13、rse， the activities which are fantastic， for example， climbing the mountain and having a panic.”中有两处错误，第一处应该删除“which”，此句并不是一個定语从句，第二处野餐应该是“picnic”，而不是“panic”；还有一处“memory”的词性使用错误，应该用“memorize”；最后，在结构方面，缺少结束语（complimentary close），如“yours”。所以这篇习作的得分应该归类于第三档。学生习作4Dear friend，Hello， Chris！ I and my class
14、mates are wanted to play. We hold a activity. I hope you can take part in this activity. My classmates want to make friend with you. If you will come， we will wait for in my school. We can go to climbing and visit good view. We will have a picnic. So we should bring some foods. This activity time on
15、 Sunday morning， at 8 oclock. We go to a Park. I look forward to you coming very much. I think you can have a good time. If you coming， please you quickly reply for me.Your friendLi Hua.点评4这篇习作格式不太符合信件格式，特别是称呼语、结束语和签名。信件的开头“Hello， Chris！”没有遵循礼貌用语原则。语言错误较多，比如“We can go to climbing and visit good view
16、.”句子的基本结构错误较多，如“I and my classmates are want to play. ”This activity time on Sunday morning， at 8 oclock. ”If you coming， please you quickly reply for me.”也在一定程度上影响了句子意义的表达。此外，作者没有描述清楚具体的活动地点，造成信息未能清楚地传递给读者。整体连贯性较差。可见作者的语言运用能力水平较低，虽然个别语句还是写得不错。因此，可判为第二档。学生习作5Dear ChrisIm LiHua. I have a plant. I wan
17、t to go to the picnic. So. You are my good friend and Tom. This week. You Can going to China. Because The Parties time is last week. I think you are very happy. In our schools garden. The party will become exciting. Then， we can play basketball at my school. I think you are good at this sports. Afte
18、r that. We can eat dinner. Its good.I think you can have a good time in China.YoursLiHua点评5这篇习作格式不太符合信件格式，称呼语、结束语缺少逗号，姓“Li”与名“Hua”之间缺少空格。明显遗漏了试题的主要内容，例如去登山、野餐，可能作者未理解试题要求，写成了开party、打篮球这样的一些无关内容。还有英文字母大小写不分，如“You Can going to China. ”；多处句号乱用“So. You are my good friend and Tom. ”；语言错误过多，如“I have a plant.”，严重影响了读者对信件的理解；并且句子之间缺乏连接成分，内容不连贯。可判为第一档。学科网（北京）股份有限公司