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1、_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 情态动词情态动词是一种本身有肯定的词义,但要与动词原形及其被动语态一起使用,给谓语动词增加情态色彩,表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法,认为其可能、应当或必要等；情态动词后面加动词原形；情态动词有四类：只做情态动词： must,cancould,maymight 可做情态动词又可做实义动词：need,will 具有情态动词特点： havehad,has to,used to,ought to 情态动词表推测：一肯一否三不定（must 一肯, can not 一否, may,might ,could ,三不定；）注： mustnt 代表剧
2、烈禁止 must 表示主观, have to 表示客观；常用的有： can may could must have use . 情态动词无人称和数的变化,情态动词后面跟的动词须用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加not ；个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式,过去式用来表达更加客气,委婉的语气,时态性不强,可用于过去,现在或将来；情态动词属非及物动词,故没有被动语态；情态动词表估计的用法小结（一）情态动词表估计的三种句式1在确定句中一般用 must （肯定）, can,could （可能）, might /may （或许,或许）；e.g:1He must/can/may,might know
3、the answer to this question. 他肯定 / 可能 / 或许知道这个问题的答案；2It is cold in the room. They must have turned off the heating. 屋里很冷,他们确定把暖气关了；2否定句中用 cant / couldnt （不行能）, may not/might not（可能不）；e.g:1It cant/couldn t be the headmaster. He has gone to America.这不行能是校长,他去美国了；2He may not/might not know the scientis
4、t. 他或许不熟悉那位科学家；3疑问句中用 can/could （能 .）；1 _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 6 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - e.g:1Could he have finished the task. 他可能把任务完成了吗？注：以上三种句式中情态动词的语气按程度都是依次递减的；Might,could并非 may,can 的过去式,而表示语气较为委婉或可能性较小；（二）情态动词表估计的三种时态1对将来情形的估计,用“ 情态动词 + 动词原形 ” ；e.g:1She must / may / might / could arri
5、ve before 5. 5:00 前她肯定 / 可能 / 或许到；2对现在或一般情形的估计,用“ 情态动词+ be” ,“ 情态动词+be doing ” 或“ 情态动词 + 动词原形” ；e.g:1He must / may / might / could be listening to the radio now. 他肯定 / 可能 / 或许正在听收音机；2 He cant couldnt / may might not be at home at this time. 这个时候他不行能 / 可能不在家；3对过去情形的估计,用“ 情态动词 + have + 过去分词” ；e.g:1It
6、must / may / might / could have rained last night .The ground is wet. 地湿了,昨晚确定 / 可能/ 或许下雨了；2 The door was locked. He can could not / may might not have been at home . 门锁着,他不行能 / 可能不在家；注：情态动词 should /ought to表估计时,意为“ 想必会,理应 ” 但与“have +过去分词” 连用时,就又可构成虚拟语气意为“ 本应当做某事却没做” ；例如：4 It s seven o clock. Jack s
7、hould/ought to be here at any moment. 现在七点钟了,杰克理应随时到达；（估计）（5） Tom should not /ought not to have told me your secret,but he meant no harm. （虚 拟）汤姆本不该告知我你的隐秘,可是他并无恶意；can 和 could 表示估计的用法2 _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 6 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 对现在或将来的估计,两者均可用,但can 通常只用于否定句或疑问句中,一般不用于确定句,而could 就可用于确定
8、句、否定句和疑问句；对过去的估计,应在 can,could 之后接动词的完成式,且此时 can 仍只用于否定句或疑问句,不用于确定句；而Can Could this be true. 这能是真的吗Where can could he have gone. 他能到哪里去了呢could 就可用于各种句型；如：She cant couldnt have left so soon. 她不行能走得这么早；注：could 后接动词的完成式,除表示对过去的估计外,仍可表示过去没有实现的可能性（即某事本 来可以发生,却没发生）,或委婉地批评某人过去应当做某事而没有去做（此时不用 can）；如：You coul
9、d have started a little earlier. 你本可早点动身的；You neednt have cooked it. We could have eaten it raw. 你其实可以不煮熟（它）,我们（本 来）可以生吃；can 和 could 表示答应的用法表示现在的答应时,如是恳求别人答应自己做某事,两者均可用,但用 could 语气更委婉；如是自 己答应别人做某事,一般只用 can ,而不用 could ；如：Can Could I come in. 我可以进来吗”“ 我可以借用你的钢笔吗 .” “ 当“ Could Can I use your pen. ”“ Ye
10、s,of course you can.然可以；” （不能说 Yes,you could. 表示过去的答应时,如表示过去一般性答应（即表示某人随时都可以做某事）,用 could ；如表示在 过去某一特定情形下答应进行某一特定的活动,就不用 could ；如：When I lived at home,I could watch TV whenever I wanted to. 影就可以什么时候看；（一般性答应）我住在家里时,想什么时候看电I was allowed to see the film yesterday evening. 昨天晚上答应我去看了电影；（特定的答应,不能用 could c
11、an 和 could 表示才能的用法can 表示现在的才能, could 表示过去的才能, 要表示将来具备的才能通常 be able to 的将来时态；其中要留意的是, could 表示过去的才能, 通常只用于表示过去一般性才能,而不表示过去详细某次特定情形下能够做某事的才能；如：他学习很努力,所以考试能及格；误： He studied hard and could pass the exam. 正： He studied hard and was able to pass the exam. 3 _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 6 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - -
12、- - - - - 注：如在否定句中没有以上限制,即couldn t 可表示过去特定情形下的才能,如可说 He studied hard but still couldnt pass the exam.口诀：情态动词两特点动词原形接后面, 说话语气较委婉； can 才能may许可 ,must责任 或义务 ；否定回答 neednt换, 需要need, dare 敢；should 应当 ,would 愿 ,have to 被迫 表客观；情态动词专项练习题1. - Where is Mary. - She _ in the library. A. should be B. must be C. ca
13、n be D. must have been 2. His room is dark. He must _ to bed. A. go B. be going C. have gone D. have been gone 3. “Will your father stay home tonight.“ I m not sure, He _to work.”A. must go B. can go C. may be gone D. may be going 4. “Where is Tom.”“He isn t here I think he _ have gone home.”A. may
14、B. must C. might D. A or B or C 5. “I think Helen is at home.”“No, she _ be at home, for she phoned me from the airport just five minutes ago.”A. mustnt B. needn t C. can t D. darent6. Hes late. What _ have happened to him. A. can B. may C. should D, must 7. “ _ he be watching TV now. Yes, he _ be w
15、atching TV now.”No, he _ be watching TV now.”A. Must; can; mustn B. Can; must; canC. Must; must; canD. Can; can; mustnt8. “_. He have left yesterday. Yes, he _ yesterday. No, he _ yesterday.”A. Must; must have left; cant have left B. Can; can have left; cant have left C. Can; must have left; ca nt h
16、ave left D. May; must have left; shouldnt have left9. You must be a writer, _ you. A. mustnt B. are C. must D. arent10. You must have seen her yesterday, _ you. A. mustnt B. havent C. didnt D. don t4 _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 6 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 11. You must have seen her, _ you. A. have
17、nt B. didnt C. don t D. A or B12. There was plenty of time. She _ worried or hurried. A. mustnt have B. shouldnt have C. must be D. needn t have13. I got up early, but I _ so because I had no work to do that morning. A. mustnt have done B. didnt need to doC. needn t have done D. can t have done14. I
18、 _ up early this morning. So I stayed in bed till 9 a. m. A. needn t have got B. didnt need to getC. shouldnt have got D. can t have got15. The flower is dead. I _ it more water. A. will give B. would have given C. must give D. should have given 16. He _ have come here yesterday, but he didnt.A. cou
19、ld B. should C. ought to D. A or B or C 17. “Must he do it.” “ No, he _.”A. mustnt B. needn t C. doesn t have to D. B or C18. “Need you go now.” “ Yes, I _.”“No, I _.”A. need; neednt B. must; needntC. may; mustnt D. can; neednt19. “May I borrow your bike.“ No, you _.”A. mustnt B. may not C. had bett
20、er not D. cant20. “Can I do it.“ No, you _.”or “No, please _.”A. can t; doesnt B. can t; donC. can t; cant D. can t; you dont21. I missed the last bus, so I _ go home on foot. A. must B. have to C. may D. had to 22. We _ hurry if we want to arrive in time. A. must B. need C. may D. have to 23. He ou
21、ght to have won the first prize, _ he. A. oughtnt B. shouldnt C. mustn t D. oughtnt to24. He _ get up early when he lived in the countryside. A. would B. used to C. mustn t D. can t25. My brother _ be very naughty, and my sister _ like reading. A. used to; would B. would; used to C. used to; used to
22、 D. would; would 26. _ you please pass on a message to him. A. Do B. Shall C. May D. Will 5 _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 6 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 27. _ we set off now. A. Shall B. Will C. Would D. ought 28. “_ he open the window.”Yes, please.”A. Does B. will C. Shall D. Would 29. I ve told him m
23、any times, but he _ listen to my advice.A. shall not B. won t C. will not D. wouldnt30. “Will you lend me a hand. ”“ Yes, I _. ”A. will B. shall C. can D. may 31. Everyone _ do his best for the modernization of China. A. will you B. don t we C. shall we D. do you 32. Let s clean our room, _.A. will
24、you B. don t we C. shall we D. do you 33. Let us watch TV , _. A. will you B. don t we C. shall we D. do you 34. Close the door after you, _ you. A. don t B. do C. shall D. will 35. Every time he meets me, he _ to me. A. smiled B. would smile C. will smile D. is smiling 情态动词部分1-5 BCCDC 6-10 ABCDC 11-15 DDCBD 16-20 DDBDB 21-25 DDDDC 26-30 DACDA 31-35 CCADC 6 _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 6 页