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1、高中英语高考英语名词笔记重点大全带答案单项选择题（精选试题-名师出品）1、 Im writing to ask you to do me a.A. trunkB. favourC. conceptD. counter答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我写信是想请你帮我一个忙。A. trunk树干；B.favour帮助；C.concept概念；D. counter 柜台。根据上文Wm writing to ask you to do me a指帮某人一个忙，应用 do sb. a favour。应选 B。2、 Disneyland offer people many forms of.A.
2、enduranceB. emotionsC. entertainmentsD. equations答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：迪士尼乐园为人们提供多种娱乐形式。A. endurance忍耐力；持久力；B. emotions 情感；C. entertainments 娱乐；D. equations 方程式。根据上文Disneyland offer people many forms of”可知迪士 尼乐园提供的是娱乐形式。应选C。3、 While girls in general lack, boys often overestimate their abilities.A. conf
3、idenceB. challengeC. impressionD. intelligence答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：女孩通常缺乏自信，而男孩往往高估自己的能力。A. confidence自信；B. challenge 挑战；C. impression 印象；D. intelligence 智力。根据While和boys often overestimate their abilities.”可矢口,男 孩和女孩进行比照，女孩缺乏自信。应选A。4、 Well, if you insist on eating so much, you will have to suffer the.
4、A. consequencesB. exercisesC. evidenceD. exchanges 科目上遇到困难时，学校可能会提供教学干预，空格处意为干预，应选C。31、The program is aimed to give the people in the countryside to safe drinking water.A. accessB. passageC. wayD. approach答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析和短语。句意：这个工程目标是给农村人提供使用平安饮水的机会。A.access接触；B.passage通道；C.way方式；D.approach方法。根据acce
5、ss to (使用.的机会)可知空格处填access。应选AoThe age of the students ranged from 17 to 21 with a (n)of 19.A. averageB. usualC. normalD. regular答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生的年龄从岁到21岁不等，平均年龄为19岁。A. average平均；B.usual通 常；C.normal正常；D.regular常客,主力。结合Crom ” to 21可知,此处指“平均年龄是19岁，应选A项。33、He is a wonderful of mine and we can talk
6、 for hours on end.A. componentB. committeeC. communityD. companion答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是我的好伙伴，我们可以连续谈上儿个小时。A. component组成局部；B.committee 委员会；C. community 社区;D. companion 同伴。根据前文He及后文we can talk for hours on end” 可知，此处指同伴；伙伴。应选D项。34、 Shes battling with her over whether to tell the police what she saw.A
7、. complaintB. consequenceC. conscienceD. composition10答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在与良心作斗争，不知道是否要把她所看到的告诉警察。A. complaint 抱怨;consequence 结果；C. conscience 良心；D. composition 成分。 根据whether to tell the police what she saw.” 可知，她的内心在与良心作斗争。应选C。35、Hangzhou is such an city that it often makes a strong on visitors an
8、d its sights never fail toattract foreign tourists.A. impressed, impressionB. impressing , impressionimpressive, impressD. impressive, impression答案：D解析：考查形容词和名词。句意：杭州是一座令人印象深刻的城市，它经常给游客留下深刻的印象，它的风景总是 吸引着外国游客。第一个空要填形容词在句中做定语，修饰city。impressive令人难忘的，可以用于人，也 可以用于物；ing形式形容词，一般用来修饰物体；-ed形式形容词一般用来修饰人。impre
9、ssing一般不作形 容词用。make an impression on给留下印象。应选D。36、With the popularity of smart phones, people gradually lose the for watching television, which makes TVa decoration of the house.A. analysisB. appetiteC. incidentD. appreciation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着智能手机的普及，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣，这使得电视成为了家里的 一种装饰。A. analysis 分析；
10、B. appetite 兴趣,欲望；C. incident 事件；D. appreciation 欣赏。根据which makes TV a decoration of the house可知，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣，appetite符合题意。应选B。37、 Whats the common of dealing with youth crime in your area?11Generally, education comes first.A. processB. procedureC. performanceD. practice答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一在你们那里处理
11、青少年犯罪的通常的做法是什么？一一通常，教育为先。 process过程；procedure程序，步骤；performance表现；practice惯常做的事，习惯，习俗，通常的做法。根据下文education comes first可知，此处询问处理青少年犯罪的通常的做法。应选D。38、During the pandemic, all patients and their families, without, must carry their ID card and show their health QR code before entering the hospital.A. permis
12、sionB. effortC. exceptionD. access答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在疾病大流行期间，所有患者及其家属，无一例外，在进入医院前都必须携带身 份证并出示健康二维码。A. permission许可；B. effort努力；C.exception例外；D. access通道。根据句意和句 中“all patients and their families可知,句中强调的是所有患者及其家属,无一例外，“exception意为“例外, 名词词性，without exception意为无一例外。应选C项。39、His hard work made him very s
13、uccessful in his job.A. NP AdjpB. NP AdvpC. Adjp NPD. NP NP答案：c解析：考查句子结构中词性构成类型。句意；他的努力工作使他在工作上非常成功。第一个划线局部very successful 是形容词短语，英文缩写是Adjp,副词very修饰形容词successful,该短语在句中作宾语补足语。第二个划 线局部his job.是一个名词短语，英文缩写是NP,该短语作介词in的宾语。应选C。40、We are having a debate over the of smoking on our lungs.12A. gainB. awardC
14、. opportunityD. impact答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们正在讨论吸烟对我们肺部的影响。A. gain好处，利益；B. award奖品，奖金; C opportunity机会;D.impact影响。根据句意，空处需填名词impact,表示“影响。应选D项。41、The to success is to make good use of the chance to education.A. accessB. fountainC. potentialD. document答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功的途径是充分利用受教育的机会。A. access通路、入径
15、；B.fountain喷泉；C.potential潜力；D.document文件。the access to.（ 的途径）符合句意。应选A项。42、With only five minutes left from the end, the of the close match was still in doubt.A. cooperationB. opponentC. outcomeD. outline答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：距离比赛结束只有5分钟了，这场势均力敌的比赛结果仍不明朗。A. cooperation 合作；B. opponent对手；C.outcome结果；outli
16、ne轮廓；大纲。根据语境可知，比赛快结束了，但是因为两 队势均力敌，所以不明确的是比赛的结果。应选C。43 As expected, the boy who shows great in playing badminton has been admitted to the sport universityfor his talent.A. requirementB. respectC. additionD. promise答案：D解析：13 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不出所料，这个在打羽毛球方面大有可为的男孩因其天赋被体育大学录取。A.requirement要求;B. respect尊重；C.a
17、ddition增力口； D.promise希望,可能性。根据句意，此处表达“那个男 孩在羽毛球方面展现了极大的成功的可能性。应选D项。44 The cloth has a of blue and white squares, which is very beautiful.A. paintingB. patternC. sampleD. model答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这块布有蓝白方格的图案，非常漂亮。A. painting绘画；B.pattern模式，图案；C. sample样品;D. model模范。根据后文“of blue and white squares”指布有蓝白方
18、格的图案,应用pattern。应选Bo45、The English teacher asked the students to give a of the text.A. balletB. seniorC. generationD. summary答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：英语老师要求学生们给出课文概要。A. ballet芭蕾舞；B. senior较年长的人；C.generation 一代人；D. summary 概要。 由上下文“The English teacher asked the students to give a of thetext.可知，老师要求学生给出课文的摘要
19、，应选D。46、A butterfly is a flying with a long thin body and four large, usually brightly coloured, wings.A. dolphinB. dinosaurC. posterD. insect答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：蝴蝶是一种会飞的昆虫，身体细长，有四只通常色彩鲜艳的大翅膀。A.dolphin海豚；B.dinosaur恐龙;C.poster海报；D.insect昆虫。根据butterfly可知，这是一种昆虫。应选D。47、 Van Gogh was famous for his Sunfl
20、ower, which was painted in three of yellow.14A. portsB. shoresC. shadesD. stairs答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：梵高以他的向日葵而闻名，这幅画用了三种深浅不同的黄色。A. ports港口；shores海岸;B shades深浅,阴影;D.stairs台阶。根据上文“which was painted in three指用三种深浅不同 的黄色颜料作画，应用shade。应选C。48、The lecture Jack Ma made in the 2018 Shanghai Forum of Zhejiang Me
21、rchants left us with a wonderfulhe gave us a fantastic description of what the future business will be like.A. associationB. functionC. satisfactionD. impression答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：马云在2018年上海浙商论坛上的演讲给我们留下了很好的印象，他对未来的商业 会是什么样子做了很好的描述。A. association联系；B. function功能；C. satisfaction满足;D. impression印象。 根据
22、后文he gave us a fantastic description of what the future business will be like.（他对未来的商业会是什么样子 做了很好的描述。）可知，因为对未来商业有很好的描述，所以此处表示给我们留下了好的印象。应选D。49 We would like to see closer between parents and schools.A. evolutionB. cooperationC. expectationD. rejection答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们希望家长和学校之间的合作更加紧密。A. evolutio
23、n进化；B.coorperation合作;C. expectation 期望；D. rejection 拒绝。根据 closer 和 between parents and schools 可知,此处表示希望家长和 学校紧密合作。应选B。50、Born a poor family, Abraham Lincoln fought his way to the top and became the United States16，h President and one of the greatest in American history.15A. of.shapesB. on.statuesC.
24、 into.figuresD. with.images答案：C 解析: 考查动词短语和可数名词复数。句意：亚伯拉罕林肯出生在一个贫穷的家庭，他一路奋斗到顶峰，成为美国 第16任总统，也是美国历史上最伟大的人物之一。第一空涉及born的短语搭配，born of源于，出生于， born on”出生于（时间）,born into”出身于（家庭），born with”与生俱来,根据句意,第一空应填介词 into；第二空，shapes形状，statues雕塑，figures”知名人物，images图像，又根据句意，空处是指林肯 是美国历史上最伟大人物之一，表示人物，应用名词figure表示。应选C项。5
25、1、From the Tokyo Olympics to the 14th National Games, outstanding performances from Chinas athletes show the countrys drive for a sports powerhouse in and innovation.A. expectationB. passionC. mysteryD. imagination答案：B 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从东京奥运会到第十四届全运会，中国运发动的出色表现展现了中国体育强国的 激情和创新精神。A.expectation期待;B.pas
26、sion激情；C.mystery谜；D.imagination想象力。根据showthe countrys drive for a sports powerhouse in and innovation”可知，句子表示“中国运发动的出色表现展现了中国体育强国的激情和创新精神，因此空格处意为激情，是passion,应选B。52、 The football always reminds me of my mistake in that match, so I put it away somewhere out of my.A. sceneB. sceneryC. controlD. sight答案
27、：D 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：足球总是让我想起那场比赛中的错误，所以我刻意不去看它。A.scene现场;B.scenery 风景；C.control 控制；D. sight 视力。 根据“The football always reminds me of my mistake in that match”可知，一看到足球就让我想起比赛中的失误，所以我刻意不去看它。out of sight 看不见，在视野之外。故16选Do53 A poor economy has caused the of thousands of small businesses.A. complexityB. co
28、llapseC. convenienceD. correction答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：经济不景气导致成千上万的小企业倒闭。A. complexity复杂性；B.collapse倒闭；C. convenience方便；D.correction改正。根据上文A poor economy has caused”指经济不景气导致小企业倒闭, 应用collapseo应选Bo54、The staff in the zoo said it was hoped that the project would raise money for future work of animals.A. c
29、onservationB. contributionC. consumptionD. conclusion答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：动物园的工作人员说，他们希望这个工程能为未来的动物保护工作筹集资金。A.conservation 保护；B.contribution 贡献；C.consumption 消耗；D.conclusion 总结。由“raise money for future workofanimals 可知，句子表示他们希望这个工程能为未来的动物保护工作筹集资金，因此空格 处是“保护，即conservation,应选A。55、 Please give us plenty
30、of notice if you have to cancel an.A. argumentB. appointmentC. assumptionD. assistance答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:如果你取消一个约会，请及时通知我们。A.argument论证;B.appointment约会； assumption假定，设想；D.assistance帮助。由句意可知，应该是取消约会所以要及时通知我们,应选B。17答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：好吧，如果你坚持吃这么多，你将不得不承当后果。A. consequences后果；B. exercises练习；C. evidence证
31、据；D. exchanges交换。根据句意可知，吃的太多会对健康造成不好的影响，由 此可知，应该是不得不承当后果。应选A项。5、 The sunset was a very beautiful.A. sightB. registrationC. nationD. volunteer答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：日落是非常美丽的景色。A. sight景色；B. registration注册；C.nation国家；D. volunteer志愿者。由上文“The sunset可知，日落是美丽的景色，应选A。6、The lucky man had a narrow in series of a
32、ccidents the other day.A. escapeB. claimC. lackD. limit答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：几天前，这个幸运的人在一系列事故中死里逃生。A. escape逃离；B.claim声称； Clack缺乏；D. limit限制。根据lucky man,此处描述男人是幸运的，所以是男人逃离了事故，A项符合句意, 应选A项。7、I am impressed with Chinas to its climate goals, evidenced by the fact we are sure of that China hasmet its 2020
33、targets three years ahead of schedule.A. evolutionB. innovationC. commitmentD. qualification答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国对其气候目标的承诺给我留下了深刻印象，我们确信中国提前三年实现了22020 年的目标。A.evolution 进化；B.innovation 创新；C mitment 承诺；D.qualification 资格。由“to its climate goals可知，句子表示中国对其气候目标的承诺，因此空格处是承诺，应选C。8、 He received an for the r
34、ole he played.A. awardB. permissionC. strengthD. debt答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他因所扮演的角色而获奖。A.award奖；B.permission许可;C.strength优点;D.debt债。根据for the role he played.可知，他因角色获奖了,应选A。小提示：9、 If what your friend comes up with surprises you, dont express your immediately.A. regionB. rejectionC. electionD. mission答案：
35、B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你的朋友给你惊喜，不要立即表示拒绝。A.region地区；B.rejection拒绝，抛 弃；C.election 选举；D.mission 任务。根据If what your friend comes up with surprises you可知，不要拒绝朋友 给你带来的惊喜。应选B。10 To his parents, their son always makes them at his study.A. disappointment; disappointedB. disappointed; disappointingC. disappointing
36、; disappointedD. disappointing; disappointment答案：A解析：考查名词和形容词。句意：令他父母失望的是，他们的儿子总是让他们对他的学习感到失望。to one，s disappointment意为令某人失望的是，为固定搭配，此处用名词disappointment表示“失望作介词to的宾 语。be disappointed at意为对感到失望，为固定搭配，形容词disappointed意为感到失望的，说明人 的性质状态，此处作宾语them的宾语补足语；形容词disappointing （令人失望的）说明事物的性质状态。应选 Ao11、No, no inj
37、uries.A. deadB. deathC. deathsD. dying答案：c解析：考查名词。句意：没有人员伤亡。A. dead死的；B.death死亡；C.deaths死亡（复数）；D.dying临死的。分 析句子可知，no为形容词，意为（一个也）没有，后接名词，death意为死亡，为可数名词，根据句中 “injuries可知，空格处应用death的复数形式deaths。应选C项。12、 Study shows that there is strong between physical punishment and the IQ.A. connections. conditionC.
38、organizationD. cooperation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究说明体罚和智商之间有很强的关联。A. connection关联，关系;B. condition 条件,状况；C.organization组织;D.cooperation合作。结合句意可知,此处指研究说明两者之间有关联”。应选A项。13 The country was thrown into by the Presidents sudden death.A. chorusB. chaosC. circleD. claim答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为总统的突然离世，整个国家陷入一片混乱。A.
39、 chorus合唱队，歌舞队；B.chaos混乱，混沌；C.circle圆圈，周期；D.claim索要、声明。由语意可知，总统突然离世，造成的后果通常是国家一时无主，所以陷入混乱之中。应选B项。14 It is commonly known that many old people feel pains in their bones when rises.A. humidityB. pesticideC. antibioticD. intensity答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：众所周知，当湿度上升时，许多老年人感到骨头疼痛。A. humidity湿度；B.pesticide 杀虫剂；
40、C. antibiotic 抗生素；D. intensity 强度。根据前文“many old people feel pains in their bones”可 知，因为湿度上升，会使患风湿骨痛的老人骨头疼。应选A项。15 To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their and weaknesses.A. strengthsB. benefitsC. valuesD. manners答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了让团队成员表现得更好，教练首先必须知道他们的长
41、处和缺点。A. strengths 优点；B. benefits利益；C. values价值；D. manners礼貌。根据后文“and weaknesses可知指优点、长处和缺 点，应用strengths。应选A。16、 It is generally agreed that new contents should be added to a good dictionary at regular.A. gapsB. lengthC. intervalsD. distance答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们普遍认为一本好词典应该定期增加新内容。A. gaps隔阂，代沟；B.lengt
42、h长 度；C. intervals间隔,间歇；D. distance距离。结合句意表达“定期用at regulahntervals。应选C。17 Adam wants to keep writing novels but he has too much homework. He has difficulty finding a between his hobbies and his study.A. balanceB. possibilityC. relationshipD. suggestion答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：亚当想继续写小说，但他的作业太多了。他很难在爱好和学习之间找
43、到平衡。A. balance 平衡;B. possibility 可能性;C. relationship 关系;D. suggestion 建议。根据his hobbies和his study”可 知，此处表示在爱好和学习之间找到平衡。应选A。18 In the past few years, weve seen works by Chinese sci-fi writers winning international.A. considerations. standardC. rewardD. recognition答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的儿年里，我们看到中国科幻作家的
44、作品赢得了国际奖项。A. consideration 考虑；B. standard标准；C.reward奖励，奖项；D.recognition识别。由语意可知作品赢得了国际奖项。应选C 项。19 On Thursday we went out on an business.A. tourB. voyageC. tripD. journey答案：c解析：考查名词辨析。句意：星期四我们去出差了。A.tour观光；B.voyage航行；C.trip出差或度假等短途旅行； D.journey不知终点的长途旅行。business trip出差、商务旅行，应选C。小提示：20、 It is quite p
45、ossible to understand the meaning of a new word or phrase from the.A. contextB. accentC. senseD. character答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：从上下文中理解一个新词或短语的意思是完全可能的。A. context上下文，语境；B.accent 口音；C. sense 感觉,意识；D. character 性格。根据句意和句中“understand the meaning of a new word or phrase可知，我们应该通过上下文理解一个新词或短语的意思，context意为上下文
46、，语境，符 合句意。应选A项。21、 Your car is less than a year old, so it is still under.A. boundaryB. tailorC. guaranteeD. arrangement答案：c解析：考查固定搭配。句意：你的车使用不到一年，所以仍在保修期内。A. boundary边界；B.tailor裁剪；C.guarantee保证；担保；D.arrangement安排。分析句子并结合句意可知，此处为固定搭配under guarantee, 意为在保修期内。应选C。22、Youve got to start the to get the c
47、ar going.A. investigations. engineC. struggleD. performance答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你必须启动发动机才能使汽车开动。A.investigation调查；B.engine发动机； C.struggle斗争；D.performance表现。根据句意表示使汽车开动，可知应填入发动机。应选B。23、 Although my new cellphone has many it doesnt well.A. functions, functionB. function, functionsC. functions, functions
48、D. function/unction答案：A解析：考查名词复数和助动词用法。句意：虽然我的新手机有很多功能，但运行不太好。function作名词意为功能, 为可数名词，在many后应用复数形式。function作动词意为“运行，在助动词do或does后应用原形。应选Ao24、 Everyone has the right to be treated with.A. replyB. reviewC. respectD. range答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都有被尊敬对待的权利。A.reply答复；B.review复习；C.respect尊敬；D. range范围。分析可知空格处的词和with