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1、精品_精品资料_语法复习十八：连词连词分为并列连词和从属连词两大类.并列连词是连接主语与主语,谓语与谓语, 句子与句子, 分词与分词的词, 它要求前后两部分有相同的形式和语法作用.而从属连词一般连接主句与 从句,从句形式出名词性从句,定语从句和状语从句等.一并列连词：并列连词可用来连接词与词,词组与词组,分句与分句.常用的并列连词有：and和,aswell as既又,both and 不但而且 ,not only but als不o 但而且 ,not but 不是而是,neither nor既不也不 ,either or 不是就是 ,or或者,but 但是, yet然而,for由于,so所以,
2、while 而,when这时等.如： Both my brother and my sister are teachers./ His room is bright but mine is gloomy 暗沉沉的 ./ He can not only repair radios but also fix them./ It is a glorious荣耀的 yet difficult task./ Strike while iron is hot.二从属连词从属连词是指在复合句中引导从句的连结词.常见的从属连词有：引导时间状语从句的：after, before, when, as, while
3、, since, until, till, as soon as引导缘由状语从句的：because, since, as引导让步状语从句的：although, though, no matter 无论 , even if though引导条件状语从句的：if, unless, once, so as long as引导结果状语从句的：so that , such that 引导目的状语从句的：so that , in order that引导比较状语从句的：as as , not so as as , than 引导方式状语从句的：as if引导主语,宾语或表语从句的连词主要有：that, w
4、hether, if 三个.其中 that 和 whether 间或仍可以引起同位从句和状语从句.三某些用法比较特别的从属连词用法区分1、当 while, when, as引导时间状语从句时的区分： while 引导的状语从句中动词必需是持续性.谓语动词多为进行时,或状态动词的一般时. while的这些用法可用 when 代替,等于 “at the time that” ,“ during the tim.e例th如at： Pleas”e keep quiet while when others are studying . when 除可指一段时间外,仍可用来指一点时间,等于“ at the
5、 time,也就”是说 when 引出的时间状语从句中的谓语动词可以是终止性的,也可以连续性的. 因此主句和从句的谓语可以是一般时,进行时,或完成时.例如： When I went into the lab, the teacher was doing an experiment. when 不能换成 while He often makes mistakes when he is speaking English. when 可换成 while as 常可与 when,while 通用,但强调“一边、一边”.例如：As when, while I was walking down the s
6、treet,I noticed a police car in front of number 37. when 引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一样, 主、谓是“主语 +系动词” 结构时, 这时主语和系动词可以省略. 例如：When he was young, he worked可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_for a rich man./ She ll be here to give you help when if it is necessawrhye. n 有时代替 if ,引导条件句,意为“假如” 、“假设”,例如： I ll come when if Im fre
7、e.2、before作连词一般表示时间,意为“在之前”,但有些句子中这样译就显得别扭.试 看以下句子的翻译： He almost knocked me down before he saw me.他几乎把我撞倒 才观察我.Before I could get in a word he had measured me. 我仍 没来得及 插话,他已经给我量好了尺寸.3、till, until 作为介词式从属连词引导时间状语短语或状语从句, 用于否认句时,结构为not until till,主句谓语动词连续与非连续皆可,意为“直到才” .用于确定句时,只与连续性动词连用,表示“到为止” .例如： T
8、hey played volleyball until till it got dark./ They didntalk连续性动词 until till the interpreter 译员 came./ He didn t go to b非e延d 续性动词 untiltill the his father came back. .until 可以放在句首, till 就不行,例如： Until the last minute of the match we kept on playing./ Not until he finished his work did he go home. 倒装.
9、till, until 只用于时间,以下句子是错误的： We walked till the edge of the forest. 要用 as far as 或 to.4、because, since, as 引导缘由状语时留意使用上的区分：假如缘由构成句子的最主要部分,一般用 because ,因此 because引导的从句往往放在句末.用why 提问的句子,肯定用because 答复. 例如： He had to stay at home yesterday because he was ill.如缘由已为人们所知,或不如句子的其他部分重要,就用as,或 since.since 比 as
10、 更正式些. as 和 since 引导的从句一般放在句子的开头.例如： As you are tired, you had better rest./ Since everyone is here, now lets begin.5、although 和 though 引导让步状语从句往往用法一样,但留意以下区分： although 用于各种文体, 而 though 就多用于非正式的口语或书面语中. 留意由 although, though 引导的从句后, 主句不能用 but,但可用副词 yet, still .例如： Although/ Though it rained all the m
11、orning, they stillwent on working. 或 yet they went on working though 常与 even 连用, even though 表示强调, 意为“即使”,但不能说 even although ,例如：Even though I didnt understand a word, I dept smiling. though 可用作副词,意为“然而”,常用逗号与句子分开.although 就不能这样使用,它只作连词.例如： It was a quiet party, I had a good time, though.6、once 作副词译
12、 “曾经”,作为连词译“一旦” ,引导条件状语从句.相当于if 的加强形式.例如：I don t believe he was once a thief. onc这e 里是副词 / Once Aristotle had made up his mind thatheavy objects always fell faster than light objects, he taught it as a truth to his students. once连词 7、unless 引导条件状语从句等于if not .例如：He ll accept the job unless the salary
13、 is toolow. = He ll accept the job if the salary is not too low.8、在用 as if 引导的方式状语从句及表语从句中,依据情形要使用虚拟语气.例如：He talks as if he knew all about it.但有时也可用直陈语气.例如：It looks as if it is going to rain.9、whether, if 引导从句的用法区分： 引导主语从句、 表语从句或同位语从句时, 用 whether , 不用 if .例如： Whether they will go to the Great Wall i
14、s not known./ The question is whether we canfinish the task on time./ The question whether we willtake part in the physics contest has not been可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_decided. whether 可接不定式,而 if 就不行.例如： I haven t decided whether to leave or not. whether 可作介词的宾语或置于句首表示强调,而 if 就不行. 例如： Everything depe
15、nds on whether we have enough money./ Whether he will come, I am not sure. whether 和 if 均可引导宾语从句, whether 引导的宾语从句一般都是确定句,if 引导的宾语从句可以是确定的,也可以是否认的 此时不能用 whether,例如： Could you tell us whether/ if it rains in winter in Australia./ I wonder if itdoesn t rain. 引导宾语从句的whether 和 if 常可与 or not 连用.连用时要留意or n
16、ot 的位置, 它一般与whether、if 分开使用,有时它可与whether 合起来使用,但不能与if 合起来使用.例如：I don t know whether/ if they will come or not./ I donhether ornott kthneoywwwill come. if 可用来引导条件状语从句, 译“假如”,whether 就不行.例如：If you work hard, you are sure to succeed. 10、as 作从属连词可引导多种状语从句.as 引导时间状语从句,意为“当时”.例如：As he was a young man, he
17、was a storekeeper and later a postmaster./ He sang as he worked. as引导方式状语从句,意为“象一样”.例如： We must do as the Party teaches us. as 引导缘由状语从句.意为“由于” ,例如： As you are tired, you had better rest. as 引导让步状语从句.意为“虽然” 、“尽管” Child as he is, he can do it well. = Although he is a child, he can do it well.另外, as 做为
18、关系代词仍可以引导定语从句,如：I have the same book as you.练习、连词1 .He is very old,he still works very hard.2. you are dismissed.A. Neither you go norB. Either you go orC. Whether you go orD. Both you go and3. They had camped once before,they knew what to take.A. becauseB. nowC. soD. since4. Why these things happen
19、ed wasthe driver had been careless.A. because ofB. owing toC. due toD. that5. Although, its raining,are still working in the fields.A. theyB . but theyC. and theyD. so they 6.we have satisfied you, you have no grounds of complaint.A. SoB. Since thatC. Now thatD. By now.7. Write clearlyyour teacher c
20、an understand .you correctly.A. sinceB. forC. becauseD. so that8. Youll miss the trainyou hurry up.A. unlessB. asC. ifD. until9. Francis did the taskhis brother.A. as good asB. as better asC. as well asD. as best as 10.The size of the audience,we had expected, was well over twenty thousand.A. asB. w
21、hatC. thatD. whom可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_11.I thought he hated the TV .You are right,he still watches the program.A. yetB. besidesC. alsoD. then12. It looksits going to rain.A. thatB. asC. as ifD. like that 13.to New York, her father has not heard from her.A. Because she wentB. After she wentC. When
22、 she wentD. Since she went 14.he daydreamed, Peter saw figures in the sky.A. UntilB. SinceC. WhileD. During15. We arrived at the stationthe train had left.A. afterB. beforeC. sinceD. when 16.he was in poor health, he worked just as hard as everyone else.A. ButB. AlthoughC. Even ifD. If17. Give me on
23、e more minuteIll have finished.A. soB. untilC. andD. when18. The worker hunted for jobs in New York for months,he could not find any work.A. andB. yetC. orD. and but19. Hurry up,youll be late.A. orB. andC. soD. yet20. Do not make the same mistakeI did.A. soB. asC. likeD. that21. My sister is expecti
24、ng me,I must be off now.A. howeverB. orC. soD. otherwise22. We should pay attentionto industryto agriculture.A. either, orB. neither, norC. not, butD. both, and23. He ran offI could stop him.A. beforeB. afterC. sinceD. when 24.you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.A. TillB. UntilC. After
25、D. Since25. Where have you beenyou left home.A. beforeB. asC. sinceD. when 26.the problem of method is solved, talking about the task is useless.A. UntilB. SinceC. AfterD. Unless27. We have produced 15% more cotton this yearwe did last year.A. asB. thanC. likeD. white28. It is late;, Im too tired to
26、 go out.A. besidesB. exceptC. except forD. except that29. Everything around us issolid .liquidgas.A. not . .but.B. either. .or.C. neither. .nor.D. whether. .or.30. He will comeyou ask him.A. whetherB. unlessC. ifD. while 31.he will come or not is still unknown.A. IfB. WhereC. ThatD. Whether32.I don
27、t knowto stay at home or go out.A. whetherB. ifC. howD. where33. He spoke loudlythe audience could hear him clearly.A. soB. thatC. so thatD. in order to34. The book is not easy.its rather difficult.A. On the one handB. On the contrary可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_C. On the other handD. On the other contra
28、ry35. You must work hard,you will not learn English well.A. ifB. whetherC. otherwiseD. unless36. It rained heavily,the basketball match had to be put off.A. so thatB. whenC. otherwiseD. therefore37. We must dothe people want us to do.A. whateverB. howeverC. whereverD. whenever38. You are certainly r
29、ight,others may say.A. whatB. whateverC. thatD. as 39.makes mistakes must correct them.A. WhoB. WhatC. WhoeverD. Whatever40.I ll discuss it with youyou like to come.A. whenB. whereC. whoeverD. whenever 41.you work, you must always serve the people heart and soul.A. WhereverB. WheneverC. WhereD. When
30、 42.you understand this rule, you will have no further difficulty.A. OnceB. At onceC. OnlyD. Only then 43.difficult the task may be, we must fulfil it this month.A. No matter how B. No matter whatC. No matter whenD. No matter where44. We can surely overcome these difficulties _,we are closely united
31、.A. so far asB. so long asC. as soon asD. as well as 45.I know he will stay here for half a year.A. as soon asB. as long asC. so far asD. as well as46. Please write meyou arrive in New York.A. as well asB. so long asC. as far asD. as soon as47. That is notI want.A. thatB. whyC. whatD. who se48. he d
32、id it remains a secret.A. WhatB. WhomC. WhichD. How49. It is quite clearhe wont see us.A. whatB. thatC. whyD. how50. Would you tell meway I should take.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. whose51. I am sureyou said is true.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. who52. The trouble iswe can not find such an expert.A. whyB. th
33、atC. whereD. /53. It has not been decidedthey will leave.A. whyB. whenC. whichD. what54. We shall goyou are ready.A. whileB. as soon asC. asD. since55. He will tell you about ityou get there.A. whileB. asC. whenD. /可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_56. Dont try to get off the busit has stopped.A. whileB. asC.
34、 sinceD. before57. Ill come and see youI go to the countryside.A. whileB. when.C. as soon asD. before58. he came to study in the university, he has made much progress in the study of English.A. WhileB. WhenC. SinceD. After59. Things have changed a lotI wrote to you last time.A. whenB. sinceC. asD. b
35、efore60. I cant use your pen,there is no ink in it.A. forB. whenC. ifD. whether61. Id like to go swimmingthe water is not too cold.A. forB. unlessC. ifD. whether62. Difficulties are nothingwe are not afraid of them.A. forB. asC. ifD. whether63. The doctor will not perform the operationit is absolute
36、ly necessary.A. whenB. ifC. forD. unless64. Go backyou came from.A. untilB. whereC. whichD. when65. He laythe grass was the thickest.A. whereB. whenC. thatD. after66. You will find friendly peopleyou go in China.A. whereB. andC. whereverD. so67. it was already dark, they went on working in the field
37、s.A. IfB. WhetherC. ButD. Though68. he has finished writing the novel is unknown.A. IfB. WhetherC. WhenD. While69. Well go and see the patientwe are busy.A. even ifB. forC. ifD. while70. The museum isfarit will take us half an hour to get there by bus.A. such. thatB. as.asC. so.thatD. so as连 词15 ABCDA 610 CDACA 1115 ACDBA 1620 BCBAB 2125 CDABC2630 BBABC 3135 DACBC 3640 AABCD 4145 AAABC 4650 DCDBC5155 ABBBC 5660 DDCBA 6165 CCDBA 6670 CDBAC可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载