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1、精品_精品资料_英语语法框架概一、 词法数量： 10 大类分类依据：形式特点、意义、句法作用词类定义例词名词Noun表示事物名称的词Market, people, water, information代词Pronoun代替名词或名词全部格的词I, me, we, your, hers, all, nothing可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_实词Notional word动词Verb表示动作或状态的词Are, do, go, eat形容词Adjective表示人或事物性质特点的词Young, fast, excellent副词Adverb表示动作、状态、性质的程度的词Very,
2、 well, always数词Numeral表示数目或次序的词One, first, thousand可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_冠词Article名词前,说明名词含义A, an, the可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_虚词Empty word介词Proposition名词或代词之间,表关系Of, to, after,连词Conjunction连接,“关节”之意And, but, if感叹词Injection情感态度的词Oh, ah, well可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_二、 句法分类方法： 按成分、按类别1. 句子成分成分充当词例句可编
3、辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_名词人称代词Noun Personal pronounThe sun gives us light and heat.We love life.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_主语 subject“谁”“什么” 动作或状态的发出者物主代词指示代词疑问代词不定代词基数词 序数词 形容词 不定式 动名词 从句Possessive pronoun Demonstrative pronoun Interrogative pronounIndefinite pronoun Cardinal num
4、eral Ordinal numeralAdjective InfinitiveGerund clauseYour idea is good, but mine is better.This is my favorite teacher.What isthe most importantthinginyourlife.Nobody can stop me studying. Two of you are my best students.The second is my sister.The old shouldbe taken careofin our country.To talk is
5、easier than to do.Helping others can bring us happiness. What you did is better than what you said.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_谓语 predicate 主语的动作或状态实意动词联系动词Notional verb Linking verbWeplantoreviewourlessonsinthreemonths.We are Chinese.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_名词NounNowadays many f
6、oreignersare learningChinese.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_宾语 object及物动词或及物动词短语的对象或内容人称代词反身代词指示代词疑问代词不定代词物主代词Personal pronoun Reflexive pronoun Demonstrative pronounInterrogative pronounInfinitive pronoun Possessive pronounHe fools us all.Believe in yourself. I thank you will like this.Who are you waiting
7、 for.They got everything they want. He is an old friends of hers.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_相互代词Reciprocal pronounWe should learn to respect each other.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_形容词副词Adjective AdverbThat news will make mother happy.Let me show you out.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_宾语补足语object complement 宾语之后,补
8、充说明名词 介词短语不定式 现在分词过去分词Noun Prepositional phraseInfinitive Present participlePast participleWe chose Tom our monitor. Jerry found him in a strange world.Do not force me to do anything I don t like.Dont keep me waiting too long.They ran away and left the work unfinished.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_形容词Adje
9、ctiveThe mountains are green.副词AdverbTime is up.指示代词Demonstrative pronounWhat I want is this.疑问代词Interrogative pronounI wander who you are.表语 predictive不定代词Indefinite pronounIt is nothing serious.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_说明主语,“补足语”基数词序数词 介词短语不定式 动名词 现在分词过去分词从句Cardinal numeral Ordinal numeralPrepositi
10、onal phrase InfinitiveGerund Present participlePast participleclauseTwo plus two is four.My mother is always the first to get up.The watch is just under the table.My job is to clean the road.His bobby is collecting stamps.The result is disappointing.We are disappointed to the result.That is what IQ
11、means.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_名词形容词副词Noun AdjectiveAdverbHe works in a car factory.Now the world is just like a small village. The native there are very friendly.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_物主代词指示代词Possessive pronoun Demonstrative pronounTheir invention won the world prize. These
12、 wild plants are well protected.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_定语 attribute修饰名词或代词疑问代词不定代词基数词 序数词 介词短语不定式 动名词 现在分词过去分词从句Interrogative pronoun Indefinite pronounCardinal numeralOrdinal numeral Prepositional phraseInfinitive GerundPresent participle Past participleclauseWhich river is the longest in the worl
13、d.Both his parents are doctors.The organization contains eight countries. He was the fifth player to receive the honor.Many secrets in space remain unknown. So I have nothing to say for myself.I bought a walking stick for my grandfather.Tom got injured by a falling tree.They reachedan oldhouse built
14、200 yearsago.Those who drink water will not forget the people who dig the well.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_名词形容词Noun AdjectiveLi Ming is one year old than I.The travelers came back, safe and sound.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_状语 adverbial 位置随便,修饰任意动词、副词、形容词从句、全句副词 不定式 现在分词过去分词介词短语从句独立
15、主格Adverb InfinitivePresent participle Past participle Prepositional phraseClausenominative absolute structureThe son often write to his parents.Mother went to buy something in the market.He stood up, looking at the boss coldly.Led by the natives, we found the old castle.From thespace the astronautsa
16、w a blueglobe.Where there is smoke, there is fire. Weather permitting, we will go for a可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_同位语 appositive名词前名词、 代词的详细内容代词Noun PronounMiss Wu, our English teacher, is kind to us.They each have a PC.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_数词Numeral从句clauseI have prepared a
17、nice dinner for you two.Weve got the news thatour team won the match.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2. 句子类别分类：按使用目的、按结构（1）按使用目的：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句类别例句确定句可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_陈述句Declarative sentenceAssertive sentence否定句Negative sentenceHis name was Pangu.She began searching for that something.I can not agre
18、e with you. It doesn t matter.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_一般疑问句可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_General questionDid Italy win the World Cap.Is that film interesting.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_疑问句Question sentence特别疑问句Special question挑选疑问句Alternative questionWhat is your name.Where can you fi
19、nd the answer、Are you a teacher or a student？Do you like coffee or tea？可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_反义疑问句Disjunctive questionIt is fine day, isn t it. No one accepted your offer, did they.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_祈使句imperative sentenceDo not take everything for granted.Follow me, p
20、lease.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_感叹句exclamatory sentenceWhat a good teacher he is. How good a teacher he is.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2 按结构：简洁句、并列句、复合句类别例句S+VIThe sun rises in the east.S+VT+OMany families keep pets.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_简洁句 simple sentence 5 种基本类型S+V+CChina is s
21、till a developing country. S+VT+O1+O2He sent me an e-mail yesterday.S+VT+O+CMy girl always makes me happy.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_并列句Coordinate sentenceHe likes to watch TV but I like to read books.You can do your homework first and then you can play with your friends.可编辑资料 -
22、 - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_主语从句 subjectWhat you said is true.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_名词性从句Noun clause宾语从句 object 表语从句 predicative 同位语从句 appositiveYou knew that beauty should be natural.That is when I studied.He made a promise that he would come back.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_复合句Complex sentence状语从句Adverbial cla
23、use时间状语 time条件状语 condition 缘由状语 cause 目的状语 purpose 结果状语 result 的点状语 place让步状语 concession方式状语 manner比较状语 comparisonWe have finished the work before the came.If it rains, we have to stay at home. She was absent because she was ill.He left home early in order that he could work.Tom was so tired that he
24、 fell behind. Lucy found her MP3 where she lost it.Though I am poor, I am happy.Do it as I do.You are stronger than I am.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_定语从句attributive clauseDo you know the boy who is playing basketball.This is the result that I wanted.Hope is a good thing, maybe the best of things, and no good thing ever dies.期望是美好的,或许是人间至至美.美好的事物永不消逝.- 肖申克的救赎可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载