2022年小学英语语法总结.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学校英语语法总结一、名词复数规章1一般情形下,直接加 -s,如： book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2以 s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3 以 “辅 音 字 母y ”结 尾 , 变 y 为i, 再 加 -es, 如 ： family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4以“f 或 fe” 结尾,变 f 或 fe 为 v, 再加 -es,如： knif

2、e-knives Leafleaves 5不规章名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 写出以下各词的复数I _him _this _her _ watch _child _photo _diary _ day_ foot_ book_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _box_ st

3、rawberry _ peach_ sandwich _dish_bus_ man_ woman_ 二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍【No. 1】一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特点、状态；如：2.表示常常性或习惯性的动作；如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的；I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床；3.表示客观现实；如： The earth goes around the sun.地球围着太阳转；一般现在时的构成1. be动词：主语 +beam,is,are+其它；如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩；2.行为动词：主语 + 行为动词 + 其

4、它 ；如：We study English.我们学习英语；当主语为第三人称单数 he, she,it时,要在动词后加 -s或-es；如： Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜爱汉语；【No. 2】一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化；否定句：主语 +be +not+ 其它；如： He is not a worker.他不是工人；一般疑问句： Be +主语+ 其它；如： -Are you a student. -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. +一般疑问句；如： Where is my bike. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 2.行为动词的变化；名师归纳总结 - - - - -

5、 - -第 1 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 否定句：主语 +dont doesnt + 动词原形 + 其它 ；如：I dont like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesnt构成否定句；如：He doesnt often play. 一般疑问句： Do Does +主语 + 动词原形 + 其它；如：- Do you often play football. - Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句；如：- Does she go to work by bike. - Yes,

6、 she does. / No, she doesnt. 动词 s 的变化规章 1一般情形下,直接加 -s,如： cook-cooks, milk-milks 2以 s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加 -es,如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“ 辅音字母 y” 结尾,变 y 为 i, 再加 -es,如： study-studies 一般现在时用法专练 : 一、写出以下动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _ make _ look _ have_ pass_ carry _ come_ wat

7、ch_ plant_ fly _ study_ brush_ do_ teach_ wash_ 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空；1. He often _have dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _be in Class One. 3. We _not watch TV on Monday. 4. Nick _not go to the zoo on Sunday. 5. _ they _like the World Cup. 6. What _they often _do on Saturdays. 7. _ your parents _read ne

8、wspapers every day. 8. The girl _teach us English on Sundays. 9. She and I _take a walk together every evening. 10. There _be some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _like cooking. 12. They _have the same hobby. 13. My aunt _look after her baby carefully. 14. You always _do your homework well. m staying

9、in bed. 15. I _be ill. I16. She _go to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _do not like PE. 18. The child often _watch TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _have eight lessons this term. 名师归纳总结 20. What day _be it today. 第 2 页,共 16 页 Its Saturday - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 三、现在

10、进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作；2现在进行时的确定句基本结构为 be+动词+ing. 3现在进行时的否定句在 be后加 not；4现在进行时的一般疑问句把 be 动词调到句首；5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意 be +主语 +动词 +ing. 但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意 +be +动词+ing. 动词加 ing 的变化规章1一般情形下,直接加ing,如： cook-cooking 2以不发音的 e 结尾,去 e加 ing,如： make-making, taste-tasting 3假如末尾是一个元

11、音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加 如： run-running, stop-stopping ing,现在进行时专项练习：一、写出以下动词的现在分词：playing_ running_ swimming _making_ going_ liking_ writing_ _skiing_ reading_ having_ singing _ dancing_ putting_ seeing_ buying _ loving_ living_ taking_ coming _ getting_ stopping_ sitting _ beginning_ shopping_ 二、用所

12、给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy is drawing_ drawa picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls are singing_ singin the classroom . 3. My mother is cooking_ cook some nice food now. 4. What _are_ you _doing_ do now. 5. Look . They _ have an English lesson . 6.They arent water_not ,water the flowers now.7.Look. The girls

13、 are dancing_ dance in the classroom . 8.What is our granddaughter doing. She is listening_listen to music. 9. Its 5 o clock now. We are having_havesupper now 10.Is_Helen_washing_wash clothes. Yes ,she is . 四、将来时理论及练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及准备、方案或预备做某事；句中 一般有以下时间状语： tomorrow, next dayweek, month, year

14、,soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等；二、基本结构： be going to do；will do. 三、否定句：在 be 动词（am, is, are）l 后加 not 或情态动词 will 后加 not 成 wont；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 例如： Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、同义句： be going to = wil

15、l I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天） . = I will go swimming tomorrow. 练习：填空；1. 我准备明天和伴侣去野炊；I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I _ have a picnic with my friends. 2.我们将要学习英语 We _ _ _ learn English. We _ learn English. 五、一般过去时 1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时 间状语连用；一般过去时也表示过去常常或反复发生的动作；2Be 动词在

16、一般过去时中的变化：am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为was；（was not=wasnt）are在一般过去时中变为were；（were not=werent）3句中没有 be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句： didnt 动词原形,如： Jim didnt go home yesterday. 动词过去式变化规章：1一般在动词末尾加 -ed,如： work_-worked , cook-cooked 2结尾是 e加 d,如： live_lived 3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字 母,再加 -ed,如： stop-stopped 4以“ 辅音字母 y” 结尾的

17、,变 y 为 i, 再加-ed,如： study-studied 5不规章动词过去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, swim-swam, sit-sat 过去时练习写出以下动词的过去式isam_ plant_ are

18、_ drink_ play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_ worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ put _ kick_ pass_ do _ Be 动词的过去时练习（ 1）Name _ No. _ Date _ 一、用 be动词的适当形式填空 1. I _ at school just now. 2. He _ at the camp last week. 3. We _ students two years ago. 4. They _ on the farm a moment ago. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 16 页精选学习

19、资料 - - - - - - - - - 5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year. 6. There _ an apple on the plate yesterday. 7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday. 8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening. 一、用 be动词的适当形式填空 1. I _ an English teacher now. 2. She _ happy yesterday. 3. They _ glad to se

20、e each other last month. 行为动词的过去时练习（2）Name _ No. _ Date _ 一、用 be动词的适当形式填空 1. I _ watch a cartoon on Saturday. 2. Her father _ read a newspaper last night. 3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. go 4. _ you _ visit your relatives last Spring Festival. 5. _ he _ fly a kite on Sunday. Yes, he _. 6

21、. Gao Shan _ pull up carrots last National Day holiday. 7. I _ sweep the floor yesterday, but my mother _. 8. What _ she _ find in the garden last morning. She _ find a beautiful butterfly. 六、人称代词和物主代词主格宾格形容词性名词性I me my mine you you youryours he him his his she her her hers itit its its we us our ou

22、rs they them theirtheirs 习题 一.用所给词的适当形式填空 1. That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. I 2. The dress is _. Give it to _. she 3. Is this _ watch. you No, its not _ . I 4. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look. Those stamps are _. he 二、用 am, is, are 填空 1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy.

23、 No, I _ not. 2. The girl_ Jacks sister. 3. The dog _ tall and fat. 4. The man with big eyes _ a teacher. 5. _ your brother in the classroom. 6. Where _ your mother. She _ at home. 7. How _ your father. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 8. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school. 9. Whos

24、e dress _ this. 10. Whose socks _ they. 语法及练习 1 be 动词 Be 动词的用法：1 Am-was Is -was Are-were 口诀：我用 am, 你用 are, is用在他她它,复数全 用 are；I am not from London. He isnot a teacher. She isnot in the 2 确定和否定句 dining room. My hair isnot long. Her eyes arenot small. 3 一般疑问句 Am I a Chinese. Yes, you are. No, you arent

25、. Are they American. Yes, they are. No, they arent. Is the cat fat. Yes, it is. No, it isnt. 用恰当的 be动词填空；1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy. No, I _ not. 2. The girl_ Jacks sister. 3. The dog _ tall and fat. 4. The man with big eyes _ a teacher. 5. _ your brother in the classroom. 6. Where _ your mother. She

26、 _ at home. 7. How _ your father. 8. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school. 9. Whose dress _ this. 10. Whose socks _ they. 11. That _ my red skirt. 12. Who _ I. 13.The jeans _ on the desk. 14. Here _ a scarf for you. 15. Here _ some sweaters for you. 16. The black gloves _ for Su Yang. 17. This pair of glove

27、s _ for Yang Ling. 18. The two cups of milk _ for me. 19. Some tea _ in the glass. 20. Gao shans shirt _ over there. 21. My sisters name _Nancy. 22. This _ not Wang Fangs pencil. 23. _ David and Helen from England. 24. There _ a girl in the room. 25. There _ some apples on the tree. 26. _ there any

28、kites in the classroom. 27. _ there any apple juice in the bottle. 28. There _ some bread on the plate. 29. There _ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park. 30. You, he and I _ from China. 语法及练习 2 人称代词和物主代词 人称代词和物主代词名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 1人称代词主格和宾格的区分

29、：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位 于 than 之后）,宾格一般位于动词或介词之后；2物主代词形容词性与名词性的区分：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词,名 词性就单独使用,后面不带名词；一.填写代词表主格；I you it we them his your hers 二.用所给词的适当形式填空；1. That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. I 2. The dress is _. Give it to _. she 3. Is this _ watch. you No, its not _ . I

30、4. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look. Those stamps are _. he 5. _ dresses are red. we What colour are _. you 6. Here are many dolls, which one is _ . she 7. I can find my toy, but wheres _. you 8. Show _ your kite, OK. they 9. I have a beautiful cat. _name is Mimi. These cakes are _. it 10. Are

31、these _ tickets. No, _ are not _. _ arent here. they 11. Shall _ have a look at that classroom. That is _ classroom. we 12. _ is my aunt. Do you know _ job. _ a nurse. she 13. That is not _ camera. _is at home. he 14. Where are _. I cant find _. Let call _ parents. they 15. Don t touch _. _ not a ca

32、t, _ a tiger.16. _ sister is ill. Please go and get _. she 17. _ dont know her name. Would you please tell _. we s count _. th 18. So many dogs. Let19. I have a lovely brother. _ is only 3. I like _ very much. he 20. May I sit beside _. you 21. Look at that desk. Those book are on _. it ）22.The girl

33、 behind _ is our friend. she 语法及练习 3 名词复数和动词三单一、名词复数规章1一般情形下,直接加 -s,如： book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2以 s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3 以 “辅 音 字 母 +y ”结 尾 , 变y 为 i, 再 加 -es, 如 ： family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4以“f 或 fe” 结尾,变 f 或 fe 为 v,

34、 再加 -es,如： knife-knives 5 不 规 就 名 词 复 数 ：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 练习：写出以下各词的复数；I _ him _ t

35、his _ her _watch _ book_ child _ photo _ diary _day_ foot_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _ thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _ man_woman_ paper_ people_ 二动词三单的变化规章1一般情形下,直接加 -s,如： cook-cooks, milk-milks 2以 s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加 -es,如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“ 辅音字母 +y

36、” 结尾,变 y 为 i, 再加 -es,如： study-studies 练习 : 写出以下动词的第三人称单数；drink _go _stay _make _look _ have_ pass_carry _come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_brush_ teach_ 语法及练习 4 一般现在时 一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特点、状态；如：2.表示常常性或习惯性的动作；如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的；I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床；3.表示客观现实；如： The eart

37、h goes around the sun.地球围着太阳转；一般现在时的构成1. be动词：主语 +beam,is,are+其它；如： I am a boy.我是一个男孩；2.行为动词：主语 +行为动词 +其它；如： We study English.我们学习英语；当主语为第三人称单数 he, she,it时,要在动词后加 -s或-es；如： Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜爱汉语；一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化；否定句：主语 工人；+ be + not +其它；如： He is not a worker.他不是一般疑问句： Be +主语+其它；如： -Are you a s

38、tudent. -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 特别疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句；如： Where is my bike. 2.行为动词的变化；否定句：主语 + dont doesnt +动词原形 +其它；如：I dont like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时, 要用 doesnt构成否定句；如：He doesnt often play. 一般疑问句： Do Does +主语 +动词原形 +其它；如： - Do you often play football. - Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用 does构成一般疑问句；如： - Does she go to work by bike. - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 特别疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句；如： How does your father go to work. 一般现在时用法专练 : 一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空；1. He often _have dinner at home. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 2. Daniel and Tommy _be in Class One.