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1、2022年山西兵器工业职工大学自考英语（二） 练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and hum
2、ans was taken.Q: People living in the Middle East first learned to grow plants for food about 10,000 years ago.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。利用10, 000作为答案线索词（因为年代通常是用数字 表示），于是发现有句子提到当生活在约一万年前中东地区的人们发现从某些植 物中可以收获粮食，并且播种后下一个收获季节还能产出更多的粮食时，就迈开 了植物和人类联系的第1大步。第2题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Who was this man?
3、 How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questions. Some people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I, since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her father, who had
4、died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe even a thousand years old. All the followings are assumptions once made about the Iceman EXCEPT.A、certaintyB、capabilityC、cleverness
5、D、curiosity【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意：孩子们对他们周围的事物有着天然的好奇心。考查名词词义 选择。A确定性，肯定的事；B能力，才能；C精明，聪颖；D好奇心，求知 欲。第19题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Do you think sitting and studying all the time will improve your grades? Think again. Getting some exercise may help, too. New research with older people suggests that taking regular walks he
6、lps them pay attention better than if they didnt exercise.Walking regularly helps elderly people.A、lose weightB、become happierC、concentrate betterD、look younger【正确答案】C【答案解析】同义词替换有题干替换、选项替换。第20题【单项选择题】Perhaps your prince to do something?A、is likeB、would enjoyC、is enjoyD、would like【正确答案】D【答案解析】题目意思：也许
7、你的王子想要做些什么事？ would like to do固定搭10配，想要做某事/愿意做某事。答案选D。第21题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made up of both chemical and electrical signals. . Scientists also have learned that the nervous system sends two different kinds-of pain messages to the brain: one very fast, the
8、other slow.A、It tells us not to use the injured part until it heals.B、These signals travel from nerve cells in the injured area, up the spinal cord （脊 髓）to the brain, and back down again.C、The first message is the warning signal.D、The other message moves at a speed of only one meter a second.【正确答案】B
9、【答案解析】第一句讲的是疼痛的感觉是由两种信号signals组成的，所以紧接 着就提到两种信号的传播路线。B项恰恰照应了首句意思。第22题【单项选择题】The new laws threaten to deprive many people the most elementary freedoms.A、fromB、forC、ofD、 about【正确答案】C【答案解析】deprive sb of sth：剥夺某人某物。第23题【单项选择题】2008.10 Never before so rapidly developing as it is today.11A、has our country
10、been B has been our country C、our country has been D、our country been has 【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查语法。【译文】我们国家从未像现在这样高速开展。【详细 解答】否认词never在句首，该句子应采用局部倒装。第24题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil i
11、s now the worlds largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia, a country in Africa. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the MOOs.Which country is the largest coffee producer?A、Brazil.B Colombia.C、Eth
12、iopia.D、Egypt.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答题依据在本段的第三句。Producer与grower意思等同。第25题【单项选择题】【完成句子Certainly there are millions who need to lose weight. But there are also millions who only imagine they need to. Compulsive and continuous dieting, not to mention eating disorders, shows that some of us will do anything to re
13、duce our bodies down to the currently desirable shape. But is being underweight really desirable?A great many people go on a diet to.A、keep fit12B、 have a body shape that all people will admireC、prolong life spanD、get ride of digestive system diseases【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段文字指出，很多人为了到达当前流行的体型(reduce our bod
14、ies down to the currently desirable shape)而不惜通过节食等方法减肥。因此选择B。第26题【单项选择题】2009.01 If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get.A、concentrated confusedC、confirmedD、convinced【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形近形容词意义区分。句意：如果你试图一次学太多东西， 你就有可能糊涂了。A.浓缩的，专心的；B糊涂的，混淆的；C根深蒂固的；D 确信的。第27题【单项选择题】【完成句子】As the sunflow
15、ers grow, put a hay fence around them for protection and stake if necessary. Plant morning glories or sweet peas around the base of each sunflower, and they will grow up the stems, eventually forming a roof over the top. By summers end, kids will have a sunflower house to play in.When autumn comes,
16、children can.A、seed lots of sunflowersB、play games in the sunflower houseC、include plants with animal namesD、find their own playing section【正确答案】B13【答案解析】段落最后一句是答案的出处，By summer勺end夏天结束的时候实 际上就是When autumn comes“秋天来临的时候。答案选择Bo第28题【单项选择题】2010.04 Even after decades of the two brothers recognized each o
17、therimmediately.A、separationB、cooperationC、correspondenceD communication【正确答案】A【答案解析】【译文】尽管已经分别了几十年，这两兄弟都是立刻认出了对方。【试题分析】词汇题。【详细解答】名词的词义选取。第29题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】You cant change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe youre sleepy i
18、n the evening but you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This wont change your cycle, but youll get up
19、steam and work better at your low point.If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should.A、change his energy cycleB、overcome his lazinessC、get up earlier than usualD、go to bed earlier【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题要求读者找出本段中的最后两句，并联系本段开头两句的意思,作出正确判断。本段开头说，“虽然你无法改变自己的能量周期，但你可以使你14的生活适合
20、这一周期。Dr. Kleitman认为经常性的行为（对你的能量周期）能起作 用。”最后两句又说,.rise before your usual hour.work better at your low point. （“如果你在上午处于能量的低潮，但你有重要的工作要在上午做，那么 你就要比平时早起。这并不改变你的周期，但你可以在低潮时得到能量，工作得 更好。）因此选项C是正确答案。第30题【单项选择题】【2009.01 If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get.A、concentratedB、confusedC、con
21、firmedD、convinced【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形近形容词意义区分。句意：如果你试图一次学太多东西， 你就有可能糊涂了。A.浓缩的，专心的；B糊涂的，混淆的；C根深蒂固的；D 确信的。第31题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entity, some faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements. Its Value therefore, wa
22、s as a predictor of childrens future learning. If they differed markedly in their ability to learn complex tasks, then it was clearly necessary to educate them differently and the need for different types of school and even different ability groups within school was obvious. Intelligence tests could
23、 be used for streaming children according to ability at an early age; and at 11 these tests were superior to measures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary education. It was once believed, and thus we can tell how successful he/she will be in the future according to h
24、is/her intelligence.A、born to be more intelligent or less intelligent15B、taught to be more intelligentC、that intelligence was something a baby was born withD、and because of the lack of communication with his classmates【正确答案】C【答案解析】空格处需要真正的主语（It是形式主语），因此根据语法结构判断C 是答案。该句大意是人们曾经一度相信，智力是一个孩子天生所具有的，因为 我们
25、可以根据他/她的智力水平判断他/她在将来是否会取得成功。第32题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals. In the past, scientists did not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmokers health. They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic （有毒
26、的） chemicals in their bodies.A、The Gilsons have been married for 35 years.B Recently, though, scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers.C、We cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants.D、 In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in
27、 homes with at least one smoker.【正确答案】B【答案解析】前一句讲的是科学家们过去对二手烟的看法，接下来应选表示他们 改变观点的句子，因为下一句说明他们所持的观点己与过去截然不同。第33题【单项选择题】2009.04 It is not decided the conference will be held.A、whatB、whichC、 whenD、that16【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没 有决定。详细解答：A什么；B哪一个；C什么时候；D (无词义)。第34题【单项选择题】【2009.01 If you
28、 try to learn too many things at a time, you may get.A、concentratedB、 confusedC、confirmedD convinced【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形近形容词意义区分。句意：如果你试图一次学太多东西， 你就有可能糊涂了。A.浓缩的，专心的；B糊涂的，混淆的；C根深蒂固的；D 确信的。第35题【单项选择题】2009.01 What he told us was more of a(n)than a reality.A、illusionB、demonstrationC、illustrationD、reputati
29、on【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。句意：他告诉我们的更可能是幻想而不是现实。 考查名词词义。A幻想，错误观念；B演示，证明；C图解，实例；D名声， 名誉。第36题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】When I graduated from high school, my family had a business so I never thought about getting a college degree. I went straight from my high school 17graduation to work for my father. After 24 years o
30、f ups and downs (mostly downs), I decided that I wanted to return to school and earn a degree in Business Administration.Why didnt the author go on with education after graduating from high school?A、To help her father with business.B、To escape from school life.C、To experience social life early.D、To
31、achieve her dream.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。事实细节题。该题目主要考查考生对文章主人公相关细 节的了解。根据题干内容，此细节定位于文章本段讲述自己高中毕业后经历的部 分。文中讲到当我高中毕业时，爸爸正在做生意。所以我压根没有考虑过继续 获得大学学位的事情，毕业后直接转向为爸爸工作。可判断A选项与原文句意 一致。第37题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】In a special report on cancer and blacks, the organization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later t
32、han whites, and they are more likely to die of the disease.Which may NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks?A、Unequal access to medical care.B Greater probability of having other diseases.C、 Differences in the biology of the cancer.D、Early diagnosis.【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段指出 blacks ar
33、e usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites, 与D项内容是相反的，因此选D。第38题【单项选择题】182009.01 If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get.A、concentratedB、 confusedC、confirmedD、convinced【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形近形容词意义区分。句意：如果你试图一次学太多东西， 你就有可能糊涂了。A.浓缩的，专心的；B糊涂的，混淆的；C根深蒂固的；D 确信的。第39题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Over
34、the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on national security, though they might be strong on education and health care. This damages their prospects as a president
35、ial contender.Q: One of Hillarys campaign promises is to reform the nations health care system.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。问题句说“Hillary的一个竞选承诺是改革国家的医疗制度 而本段只是说女人做教育和医疗方面的工作有优势，没有说Hillary的一个竞选 承诺式改革国家的医疗制度，因此问题句的信息在文章中没有被提到。第40题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Home schooling is often more interesting than
36、regular schools, but critics say that home-schoolers are outsiders who might be uncomfortable mixing with other people in adult life. However; most parents dont have the time19A、he was a soldier in World War IB、he was a Swiss womans long-lost fatherC、he was born about a thousand years agoD、he came f
37、rom Italy【正确答案】D【答案解析】解题步骤：四个选项逐个回到原文对应位置，确认是否正确。第3题【单项选择题】2010.04 We have greatly the procedure according to the chairmans suggestion.A、stimulatedB、perceivedC、obscuredD、simplified【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】按照主席的提议我们已经大大地简化了步骤。【试题分析】 此题考查词义辨析。【详细解答】动词的词义选取。第4题【单项选择题】【1诩读选择The world is not only hungry; it is a
38、lso thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 75% of the earths surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amount is sea-water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3%-the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, underground, and other sources. And
39、 we cannot even use all of that, because some of it is in the form of icebergs （冰山）and glaciers （i水I） . Even worse, some of it has been polluted.What percentage of the earths water can man actually use at present?A、Nearly 75 per cent.B About 97 per cent.C Exactly 3 per cent.or the desire to teach th
40、eir children at home, so schools will continue to be where most children get their formal education.A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.B、A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school.C、Children who are educated at home are known as h
41、ome-schoolers.D、Others believe they can provide a better educational experience for their children by teaching them at home.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段大意是对home schooling提出了质疑，需要注意前面说到 了critics say”,空格处与之对应的是“Critics also say”。第41题【单项选择题】【2009.01 Whenever I go out to dinner with him, I always paying the bill.A、e
42、nd upB、arrive atC、drop outD、give off【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：每当我与他外出吃饭，最后总是我付账。考查短语意义区分。A以而告终；B到达，取得；C不参加，隐退；D散发。第42题【单项选择题】2009.04 She everything else and concentrated on the task before her.A、set offB、set backC、set asideD、set up【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨析。译文：她把其他事情都放到一边，集中精20力于她面前的任务。详细解答：A出发、动身；B把（某物）置于之后、延迟；
43、 C撇开、取消、废除；D建立、提出。第43题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】In 1841, a book was published which astonished the world. It was called Incidents of Travel in Central America, Chiapas and Yucatan”. The author John Loud Stephens had just returned from a long, difficult and dangerous journey through the thick rain forest of south
44、ern Mexico and Guatemala. He had once been there with Frederick Catherwood, an architect and artist, to search for the remains of a lost civilization known as the Mayas（玛雅）.Very little was known about the Mayas at that time, but Catherwoods drawing in the book showed incredible cities with temples,
45、pyramids and other buildings as impressive as those of their northern neighbors, the Aztecs. These cities, however, were deserted. The inhabitants（居民） had disappeared almost a thousand years before.Stephens book astonished the world because.A、it was the first time people heard about Mayas.B、the Maya
46、s were excellent builders and farmers.C、he had experienced so many difficulties to find this lost civilization.D、it described that the Mayas used to be an advanced civilization.【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据问题中的关键词astonished,把本问题定位在第一句In 1841, a book was published which astonished the world.对下面的几个重要事实的归纳概 括就得出正确答案
47、：Do第44题【单项选择题】2009.01 Whenever I go out to dinner with him, I always paying the bill.A、end upB、arrive atC、drop out21D、give off【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：每当我与他外出吃饭，最后总是我付账。考查短语意义区分。A以而告终；B到达，取得；C不参加，隐退；D散发。第45题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment
48、. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning. Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-up due to.A、the persistence of heavy metalsB、industrially polluted soilsC、naturally polluted soilsD、rock and soil ch