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1、2022年兰州航空工业职工大学自考英语（二） 练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made up of both chemical and electrical signals. . Scientists also have learned that the nervous system sends two different kinds-of pain messages to the brain: one very fast, the other slow.A、It tel
2、ls us not to use the injured part until it heals.B、These signals travel from nerve cells in the injured area, up the spinal cord （脊 髓）to the brain, and back down again.C、The first message is the warning signal.D、The other message moves at a speed of only one meter a second.【正确答案】B【答案解析】第一句讲的是疼痛的感觉是由
3、两种信号signals组成的，所以紧接 着就提到两种信号的传播路线。B项恰恰照应了首句意思。第2题【单项选择题】2009.01 He insured his car he had an accident.A、unlessB、ifC、sinceD、in case【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查连词词义区分。句意：他给自己的汽车投了保，以防万一 遇到交通事故。A否那么，要不然；B如果；C自从，由于；D以防万一，以免。C、stick to your decision and go onD、make more friends【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co根据文章本段中But you remem
4、ber nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on可知答案。作者认为你出国 后可能会面临各种困难，面对周围的陌生人、工作，你可能会感到孤独，但是仔 细想想这个决定是你自己做的，于是你不得不深呼吸，然后继续。第19题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the peo
5、ple around him. Q: The reason why children learn their mother tongue so well lies solely in their environment of learning.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。原文说的是儿童之所以能够完全掌握母语局部原因在于 儿童自身，局部原因在于孩子周围人们的行为。问题句说“儿童母语学得好的原 因只是因为他们的学习环境。此处solely的表述是错误的。第20题【单项选择题】2010.04 In order to follow fashions
6、, the girl has to great discomforts.A、catch up withB、put up withC、keep up withD、fall in with【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。【译文】为了跟随时尚，这个女孩不得不忍受10极度地不舒适。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，赶上。keep up with：和保持联系。fall in with：偶然遇到，赞同。第21题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The UK is portioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly beca
7、use of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP（人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower haft of the league at 60th. Q: The United States of America is among the top 10 countries i
8、n the survey.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。问题句说“美国位于前十个国家的行列。The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP （人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey.该句说“美国的人均国内生产总值排名第2,仅位于卢森 堡之后，因此美国在这项调查中位于第13位。”显然问题句的说法与该句的说法 不一致，因此判断问题句错误。第22题【单项选择题】2009.04 Ive got the order
9、 from the boss that the work finished before5 p.m. today.A、would beB、beC、will have beenD、could be【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查名词从句中的虚拟语气。译文:我已经从老板那得到指令， 这项工作在今天下午五点钟之前要完成。详细解答：that引导同位语从句，说明11order的内容。同时从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should+动词原形的形式, should可以省略。第23题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Who was this man? How and when had he died? Everybo
10、dy had a different answer to these questions. Some people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I, since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her father; who had died in those mountains twenty yea
11、rs before and whose body had never been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe even a thousand years old. All the followings are assumptions once made about the Iceman EXCEPT.A、he was a soldier in World War IB、he was a Swiss womans long-lost fa
12、therC、he was born about a thousand years agoD、he came from Italy【正确答案】D【答案解析】解题步骤：四个选项逐个回到原文对应位置，确认是否正确。第24题【单项选择题】2010.04 Experts have found that normal sleep can be divided into five stages.A、moderateB、initialC、distinctD advanced【正确答案】c【答案解析】【译文】专家们已经发现正常的睡眠可以分为五个不同的阶段。【试 题分析】此题考查词汇。【详细解答】形容词的词义选取
13、。12第25题【单项选择题】2007.04 Because of the bad weather, the sports meet had to be.A、shut downB、done awayC、gone offD、called off【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。call off：取消，符合句意。shut down：关闭（工 厂）；（工厂）停工，关闭。do away常与with搭配，构成do away with。go off： 爆炸，（闹铃）响。第26题【单项选择题】2007.04 The central theatre has a seating of more than
14、 3, 000 people.A、capabilityB、capacityC、abilityD、facility【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。ability主要指天赋的能力或应用知识的才能， 应该是属于那种已经具备并开展较快的能力。如He has unusual ability in science。 capability与ability不同的是，它不仅能用于人，也可用于物，如：Electronic refinements, however, have greatly extended the uses and capabilities of some of the older
15、electrical devices, capacity指容纳或吸收事物的能力，可用于人和物。 如“The hall has a seating capacity of 500”。根据句意，此题应该选 capacityo第27题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Rhythm in literature is a more or less regular occurrence of certain elements of writing: a word, a phrase, an idea, a sound, or a grammatical 13construction. We are also ac
16、customed to this recurrence in the alternate heavy and light beats in music. Our love for rhythm seems to be innate: witness the responses of a small child to lively music. Children love to beat on toy drums or empty boxes. They stamp their feet and chant nursery rhymes or nonsense syllables, not un
17、like primitive dancers. As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm, but our love of rhythm remains. We live in rhythms; in fact we are governed by rhythms.According to the passage, an adults reaction to rhythm in music would probably be.A、uninhibitedB、indifferentC、
18、restrainedD responsible【正确答案】c【答案解析】该题的解题依据在本段结尾局部As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm”。作者讲：随着孩子的年龄逐渐增大, 大人就会教他们抑制对节奏的反响，等他们长大之后，他们对音乐节奏的反响, 更可能受到抑制。第28题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Parents often decide on the basis of what their children want. Cathy, a mother told us, “My
19、children have packed lunches, because they say they hate school dinners. I make 3 packed lunches every morning, so our kitchen is like a sandwich bar in the morning/ However, another mother, Susan made her choice based on the nutritious value of the food. She said, “My daughter always has school din
20、ners. I think she probably gets healthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if I made a few sandwiches/Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A、Katz thinks chips are good for his kids.B、 Susans daughter likes eating sandwiches.14C、Cathy may have at least three c
21、hildren.D、 Jamie likes burgers and pizzas.【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co细节查找并简单推断题。从本段，特别是I make 3 packed lunches every morning可知Cathy有三个孩子在上学，有没有不上学的孩子不得 而知，应选项C为最正确选项。其他三项均与原文意思不符。第29题【单项选择题】2008.10 JCountry life is better than city life it offers fresh air and noiselessenvironment.A in thatB、as thatC、as forD
22、、in which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。句意为：乡村生活好过城市生活，因为它空气新 鲜且环境无噪音。in that是复合连接词，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作 一个固定词组。A在于，原因是，在方面；C.关于，至于，举例：I like the country better in that it is closer to nature.我更喜欢乡村，因为它更接近自然。第30题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Good news for chocoholics： the treat preferred by millions all over the world is good for
23、 you, according to American researchers at the University of California. Chocolate contains substances called flavonoids（类黄酮）that can help maintain a healthy heart and good circulation. The researchers have discovered that cocoa acts like aspirin and that eating a bar of chocolate has also been show
24、n to release endorphins in the body： these chemicals help to reduce pain and stress and make you feel happy.Why is chocolate good for heart and circulation?A、It reduces pain and stress.15B、It contains substances called flavonoids.C It releases endorphins in human body.D、 It acts like aspirin to prot
25、ect heart.【正确答案】B【答案解析】因果关系词信号词。但凡注释中文的地方可能是答案区域。第31题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Though little research has been carried out about how exactly the sunspot will negatively harm the health of the people. So, scientists warn that people going outdoors should be careful to protect their exposed skin and eyes with clot
26、hes, umbrellas and sunglasses from the strong sunlight rich in ultraviolet rays.A、Ionosphere is high above the earth.B、 If the lights in your house keep flickering, blame frequent sunspots.C、According to a research conducted by the Russian scientists from 1957 to I960, the frequency of earthquakes c
27、an be linked to the movement of the sunspots.D、A paper published by a North Korea observatory says that sun storms may cause an increase in the incidence of heart disease and skin disease.【正确答案】D【答案解析】这一段说的是太阳黑子对人类健康的影响。填入的内容也应该与健 康有关，空格后一句说到要保护皮肤。因此D是正确的。第32题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The UK is portioned at No.
28、29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP（人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower haft of the league at 60th. Q: The United States of A
29、merica is among the top 10 countries in the survey.A、True16B、FalseC Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo问题句说“美国位于前十个国家的行列。The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP （人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey.该句说美国的人均国内生产总值排名第2,仅位于卢森 堡之后，因此美国在这项调查中位于第13位。显然问题句的说法与该句的说法 不一致，因此判断问题句错
30、误。第33题【单项选择题】【概括大意】They always complained （抱怨） more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways. They also blamed that their parents always have a final say. And the young felt that their parents do not trust their children to deal with crises. Besides, they dissatisfied too
31、 much murmurs of their parents about certain problems and the lack of sense of humor in dealing with the problems, at least in parents-children relationships.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、The criticisms to their parents can be kept out of the young peoples mind in following ways.C、 It is natu
32、ral for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them.D、 There are so many criticism to their parents among the young people.E、 Young people have gotten enough reasons to criticize their parents.【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题段落中的各句列举了年轻人都抱怨其父母
33、些什么，谈的是What are the criticisms?的问题因此选择C。第34题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】On the other hand, on the moon there will be an attraction between the butter and the moon; but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as17 it does on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. The amoun
34、t of gravitational pull that a body produces depends on the amount of material in it. A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.We do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet o
35、f butter becauseA、 it is too small to have a gravitational pull of its own.B、 its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it.C、 its pull disappears in the presence of the earths gravitation.D、 it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull.【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题定位词是not feel.packet of butter,找到原文中A packe
36、t of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.所以答案是 B。 C 项错在 disappearo第35题【单项选择题】2009.01 He has deep love for the people and loyalty to the country.A、intenseB、initialC、instantD、imitative【正确
37、答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词词义区分。A强烈的，极度的；B最初的，开始 的；C立即的，即时的；D模仿的，仿效的。形容loyalty,选A比拟恰当。第36题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】One day a friend asked my wife Jill if I wanted a hearing aid. He certainly does, replied Jill. After hearing about a remarkable new product, Jill finally got up the nerve to ask me if Id ever thought about
38、getting a hearing aid. No way, I18 said, It would make me look 20 years older. No, no, she replied. This is entirely different. Its Crystal Ear!lnitially the writer did not want to buy a hearing aid because.A、 it would make him look old.B、 it would make him nervous.C、it was too expensive.D it was ol
39、d-styled.【正确答案】A【答案解析】当被妻子问及是否愿意得到一个助听器时，作者因为担忧显得老气 而拒绝。所以答案是A。第37题【单项选择题】【2009.7 He would that all the classified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureC、 ensureC、insureD、secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数据处于平安状态。【试题分 析】动词意义区分题。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生， 担保；C为.投保，给.保险；D平安的，没有危险的第38题【单项选
40、择题】2009.04 Dont trust everything you have read in the newspapers.A、whichD、 thatC、asD、what19第3题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】For any given task in Britain there are more men than are needed. Strong unions keep them there. In Fleet Street, home of some of Londons biggest dailies, it is understood that when two unions
41、quarrel over three jobs the argument is settled by giving each union two. That means 33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained.What happens when disputes over job opportunities arise among British unions?A、 Thirty three per cent of the workers will be out of work
42、.B、More jobs will be created by the union.C、More people will be employed than necessary.D、 The unions will try to increase productivity.【正确答案】c答案解析本段开头告诉读者there are more men than are needed.when two unions quarrel over three jobs, the argument is settled by giving each union two”,接 下来作者又进一步说明其实质，即它意
43、味着33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained”。第4题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Today, we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. Th
44、ere is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their
45、 more fortunate classmates.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Main Results of Recent ResearchesB、Popular Doubt about the New ViewC、Effect of Environment on Intelligence【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查定语从句。译文：不要相信你在报纸上读到的每件事。定 语从句所修饰的先行词是不定代词everything,应选B。第39题【单项选择题】2009.01 If you try to learn too many things at
46、 a time, you may get.A、concentratedB、confusedC、confirmedD、convinced【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形近形容词意义区分。句意:如果你试图一次学太多东西， 你就有可能糊涂了。A .浓缩的，专心的；B糊涂的，混淆的；C根深蒂固的；D 确信的。第40题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made up of both chemical and electrical signals. . Scientists also have learned
47、that the nervous system sends two different kinds-of pain messages to the brain: one very fast, the other slow.A、It tells us not to use the injured part until it heals.B、These signals travel from nerve cells in the injured area, up the spinal cord （脊 髓）to the brain, and back down again.C、The first m
48、essage is the warning signal.D、The other message moves at a speed of only one meter a second.【正确答案】B【答案解析】第一句讲的是疼痛的感觉是由两种信号signals组成的，所以紧接 着就提到两种信号的传播路线。B项恰恰照应了首句意思。20第41题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Today we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is